Farida of Egypt

Farida
Queen consort of Egypt
Tenure	20 January 1938 – 17 November 1948
Born	(1921-09-05)5 September 1921 Alexandria, Egypt
Died	16 October 1988(1988-10-16) (aged 67) Maadi, Cairo, Egypt
Burial	Al-Rifa'i Mosque, Cairo, Egypt
Spouse	Farouk of Egypt ​ ​ (m. 1938; div. 1948)​
Issue	Princess Ferial Princess Fawzia Princess Fadia
Names Safinaz Zulficar (birth name) Arabic: صافيناز ذوالفقار‎
House	House of Muhammad Ali (by marriage)
Father	Youssef Zulficar Pasha
Mother
Religion	Sunni Islam
Occupation	Painter

Farida, born Safinaz Zulficar (5 September 1921 – 16 October 1988) (Arabic: صافيناز ذوالفقار) was the queen of Egypt for nearly eleven years as the first wife of King Farouk.

Early life and education[]

Queen Farida was born "Safinaz Zulficar" on 5 September 1921^[1] to an Egyptian noble family in Janaklis, Alexandria. Her father, Youssef Zulficar Pasha, was a judge of Turkish origin;^[2][3] he was also vice president of the Alexandria Mixed Court of Appeals.^[4] Her mother, Zainab Sa'id, was a lady-in-waiting of Queen Nazli Sabri. On her mother's side, Farida's uncle was the artist and lawyer Mahmoud Sa'id, and her grandfather was the former prime minister of Egypt Muhammad Said Pasha, who was also of Turkish origin.^[5] Farida attended elementary and primary education at Notre Dame de Sion in Alexandria, a school run by French nuns.^[6][7]

Marriage and issue[]

Farida and King Farouk first met on a royal trip to London in 1937.^[8] They were engaged in the summer of 1937.^[8]

She married King Farouk on 20 January 1938 at Qubba Palace in Cairo, Egypt.^[9] She was renamed Farida in accordance with the tradition initiated by King Fuad I that members of the royal family should bear the same initials. She wore a wedding gown designed by The House of Worth in Paris.^[10]

Princess Ferial with King Farouk and Queen Farida, c. 1940.

She had three daughters:

• Princess Ferial,
• Princess Fawzia and
• Princess Fadia.

After the birth of a third daughter, Farouk divorced her, on 19 November 1948.^[8] King Farouk cared for the first two daughters, while Farida cared for the youngest one after the divorce.^[11]

Queenship and public role[]

Queen Farida was born in a culture in which motherhood was the only priority of a woman. The birth of an heir to the throne was especially important. However, due to rising influence of the West, the role of the first lady and Queen rose to higher grounds.

A certain female emancipation at least in terms of visibility, had occurred in the Egyptian elite around the royal family, as it was regarded as a sign of modernity, suitable to use in the representation of the royal house to the Western world.^[12] In contrast to her predecessor, Queen Farida was not to live in seclusion, but to be given a public role.

The marriage in itself was used in official publicity to show the modern image the monarchy whished to give, and the royal couple was officially described as a modern domestic couple in a monogamous companionate marriage, which at that time hade came to be regarded as the ideal of the Egyptian elite.^[13]

The position of first lady and Queen became an honorary position bearing with it public representational duties, such as attending charities, fundraisers, commemorations and receiving foreign dignitaries.

Queen Farida accepted chair of the Red Crescent Society and was also honorary president of the Egyptian Feminist Union and the New Woman Alliance. She was also patron of the Egyptian Girl Guide Company which had an important role in community affairs.

Later life[]

Farida stayed in Egypt until 1964,^[8] living in Zamalek, a suburb on an island in the Nile.^[14] Later she settled in Lebanon where she saw her children after nearly ten years.^[15] In March 1965, when King Farouk died in Rome, she and her three daughters visited his body at the morgue.^[16] Then, she lived in Paris from 1968 to 1974 until she returned to Egypt in 1974, during the presidency of Anwar Al-Sadat. She remained unmarried after the divorce.^[17] During the late 1960s, she began painting.^[15] An artist, she had personal exhibitions in Europe and the United States. One of her exhibitions was in Cairo in May 1980.^[15]

Death[]

Farida was hospitalized in September 1988 due to several health problems, including leukemia, pneumonia and hepatitis.^[18] On 2 October, she was put in intensive care and then, she lapsed into coma. She died of leukemia on 16 October 1988, aged 67, in Cairo.^[18]

Honours[]

National honours[]

• House of Muhammad Ali: Former Grand Mistress Dame Grand Cross of the Order of the Virtues, Special Class^{[19][20][21][22][23]}

Foreign honours[]

• Greek Royal Family: Dame Grand Cross of the Royal Order of Beneficence^[21]
• Iranian Imperial Family: Dame Grand Cordon of the Imperial Order of Aftab^[24][25]
• Yugoslavian Royal Family: Dame Grand Cross of the Royal Order of St. Sava^{[citation needed]}

See also[]

• List of consorts of the Muhammad Ali Dynasty

References[]

External links[]

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