Gaston Doumergue

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Gaston Doumergue
Doumergue in 1924, as the Grand Master of the Legion of Honour
President of France
In office 13 June 1924 – 13 June 1931
Prime Minister	show See list Frédéric François-Marsal Édouard Herriot Paul Painlevé Aristide Briand Édouard Herriot Raymond Poincaré Aristide Briand André Tardieu Camille Chautemps André Tardieu Théodore Steeg Pierre Laval
Preceded by	Alexandre Millerand
Succeeded by	Paul Doumer
Prime Minister of France
In office 9 February 1934 – 8 November 1934
President	Albert François Lebrun
Preceded by	Édouard Daladier
Succeeded by	Pierre-Étienne Flandin
In office 9 December 1913 – 9 June 1914
President	Raymond Poincaré
Preceded by	Louis Barthou
Succeeded by	Alexandre Ribot
Personal details
Born	Pierre-Paul-Henri-Gaston Doumergue 1 August 1863 Aigues-Vives, France
Died	18 June 1937 (aged 73) Aigues-Vives, France
Political party	Radical Party
Alma mater	University of Paris

Pierre Paul Henri Gaston Doumergue (French pronunciation: ​[ɡastɔ̃ dumɛʁɡ]; 1 August 1863 in Aigues-Vives, Gard – 18 June 1937 in Aigues-Vives) was a French politician of the Third Republic. He served as President of France from 13 June 1924 to 13 June 1931.

Life[]

Doumergue, c. 1910–1915

Doumergue came from a Protestant family and was a freemason.^[1][2][3] Beginning as a Radical, he turned more towards the political right in his old age. He served as prime minister from 9 December 1913 to 2 June 1914. He held the portfolio for the colonies through the ministries of René Viviani and Aristide Briand until Alexandre Ribot's ministry of March 1917, when he was sent to Russia to persuade Alexander Kerensky's government not to make a separate peace with Germany and Austria-Hungary. He was elected as the 13th French President on 13 June 1924, the only Protestant to hold that office. He served until 13 June 1931 and again was Prime Minister in a conservative national unity government, after the riots of 6 February 1934. That government lasted from 6 February to 8 November 1934.

He was widely regarded as one of the most popular French presidents, particularly after the controversial Alexandre Millerand, who had been his predecessor. Doumergue was single when he was elected and became the first President of France to marry in office.^[4]

Doumergue's First Ministry, 9 December 1913 – 9 June 1914[]

• Gaston Doumergue – President of the Council and Minister of Foreign Affairs
• Joseph Noulens – Minister of War
• René Renoult – Minister of the Interior
• Joseph Caillaux – Minister of Finance
• Albert Métin – Minister of Labour and Social Security Provisions
• Jean-Baptiste Bienvenu-Martin – Minister of Justice
• Ernest Monis – Minister of the Marine
• René Viviani – Minister of Public Instruction and Fine Arts
• – Minister of Agriculture
• Albert Lebrun – Minister of Colonies
• Fernand David – Minister of Public Works
• Louis Malvy – Minister of Commerce, Industry, Posts, and Telegraphs

Changes

• 17 March 1914 – René Renoult succeeds Caillaux as Finance Minister. Louis Malvy succeeds Renoult as Minister of the Interior. Raoul Péret succeeds Malvy as Minister of Commerce, Industry, Posts, and Telegraphs.
• 20 March 1914 – Armand Gauthier de l'Aude succeeds Monis as Minister of Marine.

Doumergue's Second Ministry, 9 February – 8 November 1934[]

Time cover, 21 Jul 1924

• Gaston Doumergue – President of the Council
• Louis Barthou – Minister of Foreign Affairs
• Philippe Pétain – Minister of War
• Albert Sarraut – Minister of the Interior
• Louis Germain-Martin – Minister of Finance
• Adrien Marquet – Minister of Labour
• Henri Chéron – Minister of Justice
• François Piétri – Minister of Military Marine
• William Bertrand – Minister of Merchant Marine
• Victor Denain – Minister of Air
• – Minister of National Education
• – Minister of Pensions
• Henri Queuille – Minister of Agriculture
• Pierre Laval – Minister of Colonies
• Pierre Étienne Flandin – Minister of Public Works
• Louis Marin – Minister of Public Health and Physical Education
• André Mallarmé – Minister of Posts, Telegraphs, and Telephones
• Lucien Lamoureux – Minister of Commerce and Industry
• Édouard Herriot – Minister of State
• André Tardieu – Minister of State

Changes

• 13 October 1934 – Pierre Laval succeeds Barthou (assassinated 9 October) as Minister of Foreign Affairs. Paul Marchandeau succeeds Sarraut as Minister of the Interior. Louis Rollin succeeds Laval as Minister of Colonies.
• 15 October 1934 – Henri Lémery succeeds Chéron as Minister of Justice.

See also[]

• Interwar France
• 6 February 1934 crisis
• List of people on the cover of Time Magazine: 1920s – 21 July 1924, 2 Aug. 1926

References[]

External links[]

Media related to Gaston Doumergue at Wikimedia Commons

• 1927 clip of Gaston Doumergue receiving his honorary degree from Oxford
• Newspaper clippings about Gaston Doumergue in the 20th Century Press Archives of the ZBW