Government of Sri Lanka

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Government of Sri Lanka
Sinhala: ශ්‍රී ලංකා රජය
Tamil: இலங்கை அரசாங்கம்
Emblem of Sri Lanka.svg
Emblem of the GoSL
Formation1978; 43 years ago (1978)
(under current constitution)
Founding documentConstitution of Sri Lanka
JurisdictionThe Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka
Websitewww.gov.lk/welcome.html
Legislative branch
LegislatureParliament
Meeting placeNew Parliament Complex
Executive branch
LeaderPresident of Sri Lanka
HeadquartersPresidential Secretariat
Main organCabinet
Judicial branch
CourtSupreme Court of Sri Lanka
SeatColombo and Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte,
Colombo District

The Government of Sri Lanka (GoSL) (Sinhala: ශ්‍රී ලංකා රජය, romanized: Śrī Lankā Rajaya) is a semi-presidential system determined by the Sri Lankan Constitution. It administers the island from both its commercial capital of Colombo and the administrative capital of Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte.[1]

Presidential Secretariat, Colombo 1

Constitution[]

Main article: Constitution of Sri Lanka

The Constitution of Sri Lanka has been the constitution of the island nation of Sri Lanka since its original promulgation by the National State Assembly on 7 September 1978. It is Sri Lanka's second republican constitution, and its third constitution since the country's independence (as Ceylon) in 1948. As of October 2020 it has been formally amended 20 times.

Executive branch[]

Main article: President of Sri Lanka

The President, directly elected for a five-year term, is head of state, head of government, and commander-in-chief of the armed forces. The election occurs under the Sri Lankan form of the contingent vote. Responsible to Parliament for the exercise of duties under the constitution and laws, the president may be removed from office by a two-thirds vote of Parliament with the concurrence of the Supreme Court.

The President appoints and heads a cabinet of ministers responsible to Parliament. The President's deputy is the prime minister, who leads the ruling party in Parliament. The President can dissolve the cabinet and appoint a new one at any time.

Main office holders
Office Name Party Since
President Gotabaya Rajapaksa Sri Lanka Podujana Peramuna 18 November 2019
Prime Minister Mahinda Rajapaksa Sri Lanka Podujana Peramuna 21 November 2019

Elections[]

Main article: Elections in Sri Lanka

Sri Lanka elects on national level a head of state - the president - and a legislature. The president is elected for a five-year term by the people. The Parliament has 225 members, elected for a five-year term, 196 members elected in multi-seat constituencies through proportional representation system where each party is allocated a number of seats from the quota for each district according to the proportion of the total vote that party obtains in the district.

Legislative branch[]

Main article: Parliament of Sri Lanka
The Parliament of Sri Lanka

The Parliament has 225 members, elected for a six-year term, 196 members elected in multi-seat constituencies and 29 by proportional representation. The President may summon, suspend, or end a legislative session and dissolve Parliament any time after it has served for one year. Parliament reserves the power to make all laws.

The primary modification is that the party that receives the largest number of valid votes in each constituency gains a unique "bonus seat" (see Hickman, 1999). Since its independence in 1948, Sri Lanka has remained a member of the Commonwealth of Nations.

Judicial branch[]

Further information: Judiciary of Sri Lanka and Law of Sri Lanka
Supreme Court Complex, Hultsdorf

The judiciary is the system of courts that interprets and applies the law in the country. It is set out in the constitution, which defines courts as independent institutions within the traditional framework of checks and balances. The Sri Lankan courts are presided over by professional judges, judges of the Supreme Court are appointed by the President with the nomination of the Parliamentary Council, others by the Judicial Service Commission.[2]

Sri Lanka has a legal system which is an amalgam of English common law, Roman-Dutch civil law and Customary Law.

Politics of Sri Lanka
Coat of arms of Sri Lanka, showing a lion holding a sword in its right forepaw surrounded by a ring made from blue lotus petals which is placed on top of a grain vase sprouting rice grains to encircle it. A Dharmacakra is on the top while a sun and moon are at the bottom on each side of the vase.
Constitution
Government
Executive

Legislature

Judiciary

Elections
Administrative geography
Foreign relations
Related issues
  • Sri Lanka Portal
Flag of Sri Lanka.svg Sri Lanka portal
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References[]

  1. ^ Boxall, Sheryl (2008). DeRouen, Karl; Bellamy, Paul (eds.). International Security and the United States: An Encyclopedia, Volume 2. Westport, Connecticut, USA: Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 728. ISBN 978-0-275-99255-2.
  2. ^ "Judicial System of Sri Lanka". Commonwealth Governance. Retrieved 17 November 2013.

External links[]

General
Law
Executive Branch
Legislative Branch
Judiciary
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