Grindelia

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Gumweeds
Grindelia integrifolia 3109.JPG
Puget Sound gumweed
(Grindelia integrifolia)
Scientific classification e
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Asterales
Family: Asteraceae
Subfamily: Asteroideae
Supertribe: Asterodae
Tribe: Astereae
Genus: Grindelia
Willd. 1807
Type species
Grindelia inuloides
Willd. 1807
Synonyms[1]
  • Donia R.Br.
  • Prionopsis Nutt.
  • Doniana Raf.
  • Aurelia Cass.
  • Demetria Lag.
  • Chrysophthalmum Phil.

Grindelia (gumweed) is a genus of plants native to the Americas belonging to the sunflower family.[2][3][4] The genus was named for Latvian botanist David Hieronymus Grindel, 1776–1836.[5]

They are herbaceous plants or subshrubs with annual, biennial, or perennial life cycles.[5] The flowerheads are composed of numerous yellow disc florets (usually between 100–200) and from zero to sixty or more yellow or orange ray florets.[5] Grindelia squarrosa, a plant with bright yellow flowers indigenous to much of the United States, is commonly called curlycup gumweed. Grindelia robusta, found in the western states, is a coastal scrub bush that is reputed to have several medicinal uses. Hairy gumweed, , occurs in brackish coastal marshes of western North America, such as in some portions of the San Francisco Bay perimeter.[5] The genus is native to South America, Mexico, and western North America, though some species have been introduced and naturalized in eastern North America and the Old World.[5]

Grindelia species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including Schinia mortua.

Species[]

There are many species,[5] including:[1][6][7][8][9]

References[]

  1. ^ a b Flann, C (ed) 2009+ Global Compositae Checklist
  2. ^ Willdenow, Carl Ludwig von. 1807. Magazin für die Neuesten Entdeckungen in der Gesammten Naturkunde, Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin 1(4): 259–261
  3. ^ "Grindelia Willd.". Tropicos. Missouri Botanical Garden.
  4. ^ Nesom, Guy L. 1990. Studies in the systematics of Mexican and Texan Grindelia (Asteraceae: Astereae). Phytologia 68(4):303-332
  5. ^ a b c d e f Strother, John L.; Wetter, Mark A. (2006). "Grindelia". In Flora of North America Editorial Committee (ed.). Flora of North America North of Mexico (FNA). Vol. 20. New York and Oxford – via eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA.
  6. ^ "Grindelia". County-level distribution maps from the North American Plant Atlas (NAPA). Biota of North America Program (BONAP). 2013.
  7. ^ Davidse, G., M. Sousa-Peña, S. Knapp & F. Chiang Cabrera. 2015. Asteraceae. 5(2): ined. In G. Davidse, M. Sousa Sánchez, S. Knapp & F. Chiang Cabrera (eds.) Flora Mesoamericana. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México
  8. ^ Pruski, J.F. & G. Sancho. 2004. Asteraceae or Compositae (Aster or Sunflower Family). 33–39. In N. Smith & et al. (eds.) Flowering plants of the Neotropics. Princeton University Press, Princeton.
  9. ^ The Plant List, search for Grindelia

External links[]

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