Hemipepsis

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Hemipepsis
Hemipepsis capensis.jpg
Hemipepsis capensis
Scientific classification e
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Hymenoptera
Family: Pompilidae
Subfamily: Pepsinae
Genus: Hemipepsis
Dahlbom, 1844[1]
Type species
Hemipepsis capensis
(Fabricius, 1781)[2]

Hemipepsis is a genus of large pepsine spider wasps found throughout the tropics. They are commonly known as tarantula hawks. Hemipepsis wasps are morphologically similar to the related genera Pepsis and Entypus, but distinguishable by the pattern of wing venation.[3] In South Africa 18 plant species from three plant families, the Apocynaceae, Orchidaceae, and Asparagaceae subfamily Scilloideae are pollinated exclusively by Hemipepsis wasps.[4]

A Hemipepsis sp. wasp, Kruger National Park, South Africa
A female Hemipepsis sp. wasp dragging a paralyzed tarantula, Sandy Bay, South Africa

Species[]

About 180 species are placed in Hemipepsis, including:[5][6][7][8]

  • (Bingham, 1897) India
  • (Cameron, 1904) Sikkim
  • (Smith, 1855) Sumatra, Assam
  • (Kohl, 1913) Democratic Republic of Congo, Zimbabwe Zambia, Ethiopia
  • (, 1990) Japan
  • (Haupt, 1933) New Guinea
  • (Smith, 1855) Indonesia
  • (Haupt, 1941) Borneo
  • (, 1907) Zimbabwe, Uganda
  • (Drury, 1782)
  • (Smith, 1855) south-east Asia (Sikkim, Tenasserim
  • (Haupt, 1953) Indonesia
  • (Guérin-Méneville, 1838) Java
  • (Smith, 1873) Indonesia, Australia, giant spider wasp
  • (Banks, 1934) Philippines
  • (Smith, 1873) India, Myanmar
  • (Arnold, 1932) Zimbabwe, South Africa
  • (Klug, 1834) Middle East, Turkmenistan
  • (Taschenberg, 1869) Mozambique, Zimbabwe, South Africa
  • (, 2000) Sudan, Somalia, Djibouti, Saudi Arabia, Yemen
  • (Arnold, 1932) Malawi, Zimbabwe, South Africa
  • (Fabricius, 1781) Uganda, Ethiopia, Zimbabwe, South Africa
  • (Saussure, 1867) India, Sri Lanka, Singapore
  • (Smith, 1855) Zimbabwe
  • (Arnold, 1932) Uganda
  • (Saussure, 1867) Sri Lanka
  • (Bingham, 1890) Sri Lanka, Myanmar
  • (Wahis, 2000) Yemen
  • (van der Vecht & , 1953) Java, Sumatra
  • (Cameron, 1902) Taiwan, Assam
  • (Stål, 1857)
  • (Smith, 1859) Sulawesi
  • (Guérin, 1848) Senegal, Uganda, Ethiopia, Zimbabwe, South Africa
  • (Banks, 1934) Philippines
  • (Bingham, 1893) India, Myanmar, Java
  • (Arnold, 1932) Nigeria
  • (Smith, 1863) Indonesia
  • (Banks, 1934) Philippines
  • (Wahis, 1960) India
  • (Saussure, 1892) Ethiopia, Zimbabwe, South Africa
  • (Smith, 1855) Sikkim
  • (Arnold, 1948) Zimbabwe
  • (Smith, 1861) New Guinea
  • (Smith, 1861) China, Taiwan, Zimbabwe, South Africa
  • (Wahis, 1968) Indonesia
  • (Smith, 1891) India
  • (Fabricius, 1793) India, Sri Lanka
  • (Smith, 1859) Sulawesi
  • (Taschenberg, 1869) Java, Borneo
  • (Klug, 1834) Zimbabwe, Ethiopia, South Africa
  • (Tsuneki, 1990) Japan
  • (Guérin-Méneville, 1849) Ethiopia, Senegal
  • (, 1918) Uganda
  • (Smith, 1879) Lesotho, Zimbabwe, South Africa
  • (Taschenberg, 1869) Yemen
  • (Guérin-Méneville, 1831) New Guinea, Australia
  • (Linnaeus, 1758) India, Myanmar, Indonesia, New Guinea
  • (Smith, 1855) West Africa
  • (Smith, 1873) Sri Lanka, India
  • (Stål, 1857) Uganda, South Africa, Ghana
  • (van der Vecht & Wilcke, 1953) Java
  • (van der Vecht & Wilcke, 1953) Java
  • (Arnold, 1932) Yemen
  • (Smith, 1861) Ambon Island
  • (Smith, 1873) Myanmar
  • (Arnold, 1932) Uganda, Zimbabwe
  • (Wahis, 2000) Yemen
  • (Arnold, 1948) Zimbabwe
  • (Fabricius, 1804) India
  • (Banks, 1934) Philippines
  • (Bingham, 1896) Sumatra
  • (Arnold, 1932) Kenya, Zimbabwe
  • (Cameron, 1905) Borneo
  • (Linnaeus, 1767) Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Italy, Spain, Turkey
  • (Cresson, 1867) Mexico, Colombia
  • (Banks, 1934) Philippines
  • (Cameron, 1901) Singapore
  • (Turner, 1918) Ethiopia, Malawi, Mozambique
  • (Smith, 1873) Borneo
  • (Banks, 1934) Philippines
  • (van der Vecht & Wilcke, 1953) Java
  • (Lucas, 1898) Tanzania
  • (Saussure, 1867) Sri Lanka
  • (Bingham, 1897) India
  • (Fabricius, 1782) Cameroon
  • (Stål, 1857) Nigeria, Ghana, Cameroon
  • (Strand, 1914) Malaya
  • (Smith, 1863) Misool
  • (Banks, 1940) Madagascar
  • (Smith, 1855) India, Myanmar, Taiwan
  • (, 1906) Assam
  • (Arnold, 1948) Zimbabwe
  • (Bingham, 1896) Tenasserim
  • (Wahis, 1968) Indonesia, Myanmar, Malaysia
  • (van der Vecht & Wilcke, 1953) Java
  • (Turner, 1918) Uganda
  • (Cameron, 1903) Borneo
  • (Bingham, 1890) Sri Lanka
  • (Lucas, 1898) Zanzibar
  • (Smith, 1855) Egypt, Iran, Yemen. Benin, Eritrea
  • (Bingham, 1902) Zimbabwe, South Africa
  • (Drury, 1782)
  • (Arnold, 1932) Ghana
  • (Kohl, 1913) Nigeria
  • (, 2000) China, Taiwan, Japan, India, Kyrgyzstan
  • (Lepeletier) Java, Malaya
  • (Arnold, 1948) Zimbabwe
  • (Arnold, 1960) Democratic Republic of Congo
  • (Gribodo, 1884) Sri Lanka, India, Myanmar, Malaya
  • (Gribodo, 1884) Philippines
  • (Tsuneki, 1989) Taiwan
  • Hemipepsis tamisieri (Guérin, 1848) Uganda, Ethiopia, Angola, Malawi, Zambia, Zimbabwe, South Africa, Nigeria, Sierra Leone
  • (Cameron, 1901) Sri Lanka
  • (Smith, 1861) Ambon Island
  • (Banks, 1928) Hispaniola
  • (Arnold, 1936) South Africa
  • (Kohl, 1913) Democratic Republic of Congo
  • (Radoszkowski, 1881) Angola, Ethiopia
  • Hemipepsis ustulata (Dahlbom, 1843) United States of America
  • Banks 1941 Solomon Islands
  • ((Arnold, 1932) Uganda
  • (Wahis, 1959)
  • (Cameron, 1891) India
  • (van der Vecht & Wilcke, 1953) Indonesia
  • (Bingham, 1896) Myanmar
  • (Gerstaecker, 1857) Uganda, Zimbabwe, South Africa
  • (Turner, 1918) Uganda, Somalia, Yemen
  • (Smith, 1855) Sub-Saharan Africa and Yemen
  • (Lucas, 1898) Tanzania
  • (van der Vecht & Wilcke, 1953) Java
  • (Tsuneki, 1990) Japan
  • (Wahis, 2000) Somalia, Yemen

References[]

  1. ^ "Hemipepsis Dahlbom". GloIziko Museums of South Africa. Retrieved 8 September 2016.
  2. ^ V.S.L. Pate (1946). "The Generic Names of the Spider Wasps (Psammocharidae olim Pompilidae) and Their Type Species (Hymenoptera: Aculeata)". Transactions of the American Entomological Society. 72 (3): 65–137. JSTOR 25077544.
  3. ^ "Genus Hemipepsis - Tarantula Hawks". Iowa State University. Retrieved 9 September 2014.
  4. ^ Shuttleworth, Adam; Johnson, Steven D. (2012). "The Hemipepsis wasp-pollination system in South Africa: a comparative analysis of trait convergence in a highly specialized plant guild". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 168 (3): 278–279. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.2012.01216.x.
  5. ^ "Taxonomy for Hemipepsis (Tarantula Hawks)". insectoid.org. Retrieved 9 September 2016.
  6. ^ van der Vecht, J. (1953). "Indo-Australian Pompilidae II. An annotated list of the oriental species of the genus Hemipepsis (Dahlb)". Treubia. 22 (1): 1–17.
  7. ^ "Digitized type collection, details, simple view - zmuc00241286". University of Copenhagen. Retrieved 10 September 2016.
  8. ^ Fernadez, Fernando (2000). "Avispas cazadores de aranas (Hymenoptera, Pompilidae) de la Region Neotropical" (PDF). Biota Colombia. 1 (1): 3–25. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-09-21. Retrieved 2016-09-10.
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