Henry Carroll (lawyer)

Henry Carroll (1772 – 29 February 1820) was a Colonial lawyer and who served as secretary to Henry Clay, Congressman and a member of the Treaty of Ghent Peace Commission.

Early and family life[]

Henry Carroll was the eldest of eight children of Charles Carroll of Bellevue (1767-1823) and his wife, the former Ann Sprigg (1769-1837). The Carroll family was one of the most powerful in Maryland, descended from Charles Carroll the Settler (1660-1720), the great-grandfather of Charles Carroll of Duddington (1764-1849), this man's grandfather. Although his great grandfather, Daniel Carroll of Duddington (1707-1734) owned the land that eventually became Capitol Hill in the District of Columbia,^[1] by this time the family operated plantations near Hagerstown in Washington County, Maryland. His brother Charles H. Carroll (1794-1865) would become a prominent politician in New York, and U.S. Congressman.^[2][3] Another brother, William Thomas Carroll (1831-1863) served as the 5th Clerk of the United States Supreme Court, and their sister Elizabeth Barbara Carroll (1806-1866) married Henry Fitzhugh who also became a politician in New York.

Other early distinguished members of the Carroll family were descended from Charles the settler's elder son, Charles Carroll of Annapolis, including Charles Carroll the Barrister, and Charles Carroll of Carrollton who signed the Declaration of Independence for the Colony of Maryland in 1776.

Career[]

In 1814, Charles Carroll of Bellevue was owned the Dumbarton House which served as a brief refuge for Dolley Madison during the freedom flight from the White House prior to the onslaught of the British Army redcoats arson offensive.^[4][5]

From August 1814 to December 24, 1814, Henry Carroll accompanied a peace commission from Colonial America to Ghent for negotiations concerning the Treaty of Ghent seeking an end to the War of 1812. Henry was appointed courier for the delivery of the peace treaty to James Madison for ratification by Colonial America. On January 2, 1815, Anthony St. John Baker and Henry Carroll embarked the British sloop ship HMS Favorite in London sailing under a flag of truce to Colonial America with a distant anchoring at Sandy Hook peninsula on February 11, 1815. After his arrival in Lower New York Bay, Henry boarded a post chaise granting an arrival in Washington City on February 14, 1815. The treaty was delivered to President Madison at a temporary Executive Mansion better known as The Octagon House.^[6][7] President Madison presented the Treaty of Ghent to the United States Senate on February 16, 1815 where the peace treaty was unanimously approved ending British impressment and the War of 1812.

In 1820, Henry Carroll lived in the Missouri Territory near Franklin, Missouri, and served as a federal registrar of public lands within the Missouri territory.^[8] Henry had a dispute with Richard Gentry concerning his governance of land patents and territorial revenue where his life expired on Tuesday, February 29, 1820.^[9]

See also[]

Colonial America Peace Treaty Commission at Ghent, United Netherlands

Grievances and Origins of the War of 1812

References[]

Reading Bibliography[]

• Pieczynski, Christopher (February 11, 2015). "Rediscovering the Treaty of Ghent" [A Paper Presented to the Norfolk Historical Society]. Academia.edu.
• King, Quentin Scott (2014). Henry Clay and the War of 1812. McFarland & Company. ISBN 978-1476613901. OCLC 883896030.
• Hickey, Donald R. (2012). The War of 1812: A Forgotten Conflict (Bicentennial ed.). University of Illinois Press. ISBN 978-0252078378. OCLC 794968648.
• White, Patrick C.T. (1965). "A Nation on Trial: America and the War of 1812". Internet Archive. John Wiley & Sons. OCLC 504120451.
• "Letters Relating to the Negotiations at Ghent, 1812-1814". Internet Archive. American Historical Review. October 1914.
• 63rd U.S. Congress (December 5, 1913). "Celebration of the Treaty of Ghent ~ H.R. 9302". Internet Archive. U.S. Government Printing Office.
• Lossing, Benson John (1869). "The Pictorial Field Book of the War of 1812". Google Books. Harper & Brothers. OCLC 951294.
• Lossing, Benson John (1869). "The Pictorial Field Book of the War of 1812". Internet Archive. Harper & Brothers. OCLC 951294.
• Goodrich, Charles A.; Augustus, Charles (1833). "A History of the United States of America: From the Discovery of the Continent by Christopher Columbus, to the Present Time" [Period X - Madison’s Administration]. Internet Archive. H.F. Sumner & Co. pp. 398–467.
• Lowell, John (1812). "Mr. Madison's War: A Dispassionate Inquiry into the Reasons Alleged by Mr. Madison for Declaring an Offensive and Ruinous War against Great-Britain". Internet Archive. Russell & Cutler.

External links[]

• Carroll, Henry (March 5, 1818). "Henry Carroll to James Madison, March 5, 1818". The James Madison Papers at the Library of Congress. United States Library of Congress.
• Carroll, Henry (March 5, 1818). "To James Madison from Henry Carroll, 5 March 1818". National Archives Founders Online. U.S. National Archives and Records Administration.
• Madison, James (March 11, 1818). "James Madison to Henry Carroll, March 11, 1818". The James Madison Papers at the Library of Congress. United States Library of Congress.
• Madison, James (March 11, 1818). "From James Madison to Henry Carroll, 11 March 1818". National Archives Founders Online. U.S. National Archives and Records Administration.
• Graves, Leroy; Porter, Heather; Howlett, F. Carey. "The Ghent Treaty Box" [Retreating the Treaty Box: Dealing with Deteriorated Materials and Aged Acrylic Consolidant in an Historic Document Box] (PDF). Wooden Artifacts Group of the American Institute for Conservation.
• Homren, Wayne. "The Treaty of Ghent Medals". CoinBooks.org. The Numismatic Bibliomania Society (NBS).
• "Treaty of Ghent ~ Henry Carroll Papers". Heritage Auctions.
• "America Under Fire: Aftermath" [Finale of War of 1812 ~ Colonial America Second Revolutionary War with Great Britain]. WhitehouseHistory.org. White House Historical Association.
• Fleming, Thomas (March 2010). "When Dolley Madison Took Command of the White House". Smithsonian Magazine.