Ibrahim Ismail of Johor

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Ibrahim Ismail
Sultan of Johor
Sultan of Johor
Reign23 January 2010 – present
Coronation23 March 2015
PredecessorIskandar of Johor
Heir apparentTunku Ismail
Chief Ministers
See list
Born (1958-11-22) November 22, 1958 (age 62)
Sultanah Aminah Hospital, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaya
Spouse
​
(m. 1982)​
IssueTunku Ismail Idris
Tunku Aminah Maimunah Iskandariah
Tunku Idris Iskandar
Tunku Abdul Jalil
(Died 2015)
Tunku Abdul Rahman
Tunku Abu Bakar
Names
Tunku Ibrahim Ismail ibni Tunku Mahmud Iskandar
Regnal name
Sultan Ibrahim ibni Almarhum Sultan Iskandar
HouseHouse of Temenggong
FatherSultan Iskandar Ibni Almarhum Sultan Ismail Al-Khalidi
MotherEnche’ Besar Hajah Khalsom binti Abdullah (née Josephine Ruby Trevorrow)
ReligionSunni Islam

Sultan Ibrahim ibni Almarhum Sultan Iskandar (Jawi: سلطان إبراهيم ابن المرحوم سلطان إسكندر‎; born 22 November 1958) is the 25th Sultan of Johor and the 5th Sultan of modern Johor. He is the son of Sultan Iskandar. A motorcycle enthusiast, Sultan Ibrahim is well-known as the founder of the annual motorcycling tour event, Kembara Mahkota Johor.[1]

Biography[]

Early life[]

Tunku Ibrahim Ismail was born on 22 November 1958 in Sultanah Aminah Hospital, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaya[citation needed] during the reign of his great grandfather, Sultan Ibrahim. He was the eldest son of Sultan Iskandar by his first wife Josephine Ruby Trevorrow (2 December 1935 – 1 June 2018), an English lady from Torquay,[2][3] whom Sultan Iskandar (then Tunku Mahmud) met while he was studying in England.[4][5] Trevorrow, a proprietor by profession, took on the name of "Kalsom binti Abdullah" for a time following her marriage to Tunku Iskandar.[6] His mother has since remarried and lived in England.[7]

His great-grandfather, Sultan Ibrahim died in London on 8 May 1959, thus, Tunku Ibrahim Ismail's grandfather, Ismail of Johor succeeded him as Sultan of Johor. Ibrahim Ismail moved up to second in line to the throne, after his father.

The late Sultan Iskandar sent him to complete his secondary education at Trinity Grammar School in Sydney, Australia from 1968 until 1970. After finishing his high school, he was sent to Pusat Latihan Tentera Darat (PULADA) in Kota Tinggi for basic military training. He also received military training in the US–at Fort Benning, Georgia and later at Fort Bragg, North Carolina.[8]

Tunku Ibrahim Ismail was appointed as the Tunku Mahkota of Johor on 3 July 1981,[8] and had been primarily residing at Istana Pasir Pelangi since then.[9][10] Tunku Ibrahim was the regent of Johor between 26 April 1984 and 25 April 1989 when his father served his term as the Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia.[8] In recent years, Tunku Ibrahim gradually took over some of the state duties and functions from his aging father;[11] these included the 211th Conference of Rulers, whereby Tunku Ibrahim and Tengku Abdullah, the Tengku Mahkota of Pahang represented their fathers in the meetings,[12] among some other state functions.[13]

Sultan of Johor[]

A few hours before his father's death on 22 January 2010, Tunku Ibrahim was appointed as the Regent of Johor, following medical reports that suggested of Sultan Iskandar's pending demise.[14] Sultan Iskandar died on the same night, and Tunku Ibrahim was installed as the Sultan of Johor the following morning.[15] The Menteri Besar (Chief Minister) of Johor, Abdul Ghani Othman cited that Sultan Ibrahim and immediate members of the royal family will undertake a mourning period of 40 days.[16] During the mourning season, Sultan Ibrahim made his inaugural presence at the Conference of Rulers in February 2010 as the Sultan of Johor.[17]

On 30 June 2011, Sultan Ibrahim drove the last train from Tanjong Pagar railway station, having received tuition from Chief Locomotive Inspector Hasnol Azahari Aman of Keretapi Tanah Melayu to enable him to do this. He stated that he wished to do this as his grandfather, Ismail of Johor had opened the causeway between Singapore and Malaya in 1923, and that it was appropriate that he should drive the last train out of the station.[18]

He also declared Muar as Johor's new royal capital, replacing Johor Bahru on 5 February 2012. This coincided with the Maulidur Rasul celebrations.

Sultan Ibrahim became the first Johor Ruler to celebrate his birthday celebration in Muar on 22 November 2012 . He picks the town because it is "rich in history and tradition besides being peaceful, beautiful and progressive". He wanted the state government to gazette all the old buildings in the town as a state heritage. He also wants the local authorities to preserve the cleanliness of Sungai Muar which could be done by relocating the bus and taxi terminals elsewhere.[19]

He was crowned as the Sultan of Johor on 23 March 2015.[20] The last coronation was that of his grandfather Sultan Ismail on 10 February 1960.[21] From 2015 onwards, 23 March is made an annual state public holiday as the Sultan's official birthday, replacing the public holiday on 22 November, the Sultan's actual birthday.[22]

He is noted for his religious moderation and has condemned the creeping Arabisation of Malaysian Muslim culture.[23] Despite being the only Sultan in Malaysia without tertiary (postsecondary) education, His Majesty is well known for his genuine interests in ensuring quality education of his subjects.

Marriage and issue[]

Sultan Ibrahim married Her Majesty Raja Zarith Sofia, daughter of Sultan Idris Shah II of Perak, in 1982.[24][25] They have six children:

  • Tunku Ismail Idris Abdul Majid Abu Bakar (born 30 June 1984). He was appointed the Deputy Crown Prince in April 2006 by Sultan Iskandar,[26] and became the Crown Prince upon Sultan Ibrahim's accession.
  • Tunku Tun Aminah Maimunah Iskandariah (born 8 April 1986)[27] She was awarded the title Tun by Sultan Ibrahim in 2012. She married Dato' Dennis Muhammad Abdullah né Dennis Verbaas, a former semi-professional footballer from the Netherlands, on 14 August 2017.[28]
  • Tunku Idris Iskandar (born 25 December 1987)[29] the Tunku Temenggong of Johor. He was appointed as the Regent of Johor during the absence of his father and the Tunku Mahkota on 29 September 2012.[30]
  • Almarhum (Late) Tunku Abdul Jalil (born 5 Jul 1990, died 5 Dec 2015) the Tunku Laksamana of Johor[31]
  • Tunku Abdul Rahman (born 5 February 1993)[32] the Tunku Panglima of Johor[31]
  • Tunku Abu Bakar (born 30 May 2001) the Tunku Putera of Johor[31]

Decrees[]

Sultan Ibrahim has issued a few decrees to the state to date.

Public weekend from Saturday/Sunday to Friday/Saturday[]

Johor, as with the former standalone British protectorates of Perlis, Kedah, Kelantan and Terengganu, used to rest on Fridays and Saturdays, in contrast with the former Federated Malay States as well as Malacca, Penang, Sabah and Sarawak and the Federal Territory which observe their weekends on Saturdays and Sundays. Johor, together with Perlis, moved their weekend to Saturday and Sunday on 1 January 1994 to synchronise with Singapore next door as well as with Kuala Lumpur, as Johor by then was a quickly industrialising state.

However, on 22 November 2013, on Sultan Ibrahim's birthday celebrations, he decreed that Johor will move back its weekend to Friday and Saturday, to enable Muslims in the state to attend their Friday prayers, effective 1 January 2014. This move was not without certain controversy, as this has caused disruptions, particularly for private businesses dealing with Singapore. The private sector nevertheless continues to rest on Saturdays and Sundays.[33]

District name changes[]

In August 2015, Sultan Ibrahim decreed that the name of Kulaijaya district be reverted to its former name of Kulai.[34] He also decreed that Nusajaya be renamed to Iskandar Puteri, as well as renaming Ledang District to Tangkak District.[35][36][37]

Ban on vape[]

Sultan Ibrahim issued a decree banning vape in Johor effective 1 January 2016. The purposes of the ban is for the sake of the health of the Johor state residents. Kelantan and Terengganu followed soon after.[38]

Ban on oversized signboards[]

In January 2016, Sultan Ibrahim also decreed that signboards for businesses must not exceed 6.1 m × 1.2 m, so as to prevent any dangers to the public as well as to reduce unsightly signboards which mar the city beauty.[39]

Controversies[]

Allegations of criminal misconduct[]

Occasional reports of alleged criminal misconduct from the 1980s onwards marred Tunku Ibrahim's reputation somewhat, albeit to a much lesser extent than his father, Sultan Iskandar, whose past heinous crimes had received considerable attention from mainstream media.[40] In the 1980s, he was convicted of shooting dead a man in a nightclub during a feud, but was quickly pardoned.[41][42]

In late 1992 to early 1993, Tunku Ibrahim also experienced fallouts of the Gomez Incident–in which his father and younger brother, Tunku Majid were accused of two separate but related incidences of assault which provoked a moral outrage nationwide and ultimately resulting in constitutional amendments allowing members of the royalty to be prosecuted for criminal wrongdoings. During that period of time, the press, which was supported by the Malaysian government, launched a series of vociferous press reports on the history of alleged incidences of royal wrongdoings,[43] of which parliamentarians highlighted that Tunku Ibrahim had been convicted in at least two cases of assault in the 1980s.[44] This included a victim who was allegedly assaulted by Tunku Ibrahim, Rahim Mohd Nor, who went so far as to describe his assault experience as an act of sadism by Tunku Ibrahim.[45]

In March 2005, a member of the Malaysian royalty allegedly assaulted a young woman by the name of Yasmin with whom he accused of two-timing him with another policeman.[46] The victim's father, Mohd Yasin, later lodged a police report which claimed that the assault culprit was Tunku Ibrahim, the Tunku Mahkota of Johor.[47]

Other incidents[]

Shortly before Filipino politician Benigno Aquino's assassination in August 1983, Tunku Ibrahim met Aquino upon his arrival in Singapore and later brought him to meet other Malaysian leaders across the Causeway.[48] Once in Johor, Aquino met Ibrahim's father, Sultan Iskandar, who was a close friend of Aquino's.[49]

In October 2005, a brawl occurred on Pulau Rawa after a Johor prince allegedly gatecrashed a wedding party. The prince ordered some guests off the island after a fight broke out when a woman refused to dance with one of the gatecrashers. The locals, who felt offended by the woman's attitude, went off but soon returned with golf clubs and weapons and started a fight. In the process, several people were injured and sent to hospital, while five others were arrested, including a 20-year-old prince from the Johor royal family. The names of the culprits were not released by the police, who chose to retain the confidentiality of the attackers.[50] The Tunku Mahkota issued a press statement to urge the culprits to apologise to the affected guests.[51]

The following June, press reports leaked that Tunku Ibrahim had chalked RM 26,700 worth of unpaid traffic fines since 2000, causing much embarrassment to the crown prince.[52][53] A later report quoted him settling all the past fines with the traffic police.[54]

Tunku Ibrahim also spend lavishly on the unusual car number plate number. For example, in May 2012, he spent RM520,000 to successfully bid for the car number plate WWW 1[55] for his red orange Satria Neo.[56][57] In Jan 2014, he spent a record breaking RM748,000 on the car plate number W1N for[58] his blue Suprima S.[59] In July 2016, he also spent a record breaking RM836,660 on the car plate number F1 for his ruby red Proton Perdana.[60]

Business dealings[]

Although given a monthly allowance of RM27,000,[61] Sultan Ibrahim had done some business dealings such as

  • Investment in Redtone (20% equity)[62]
  • Investment in MOL AccessPortal (15% equity)[63]
  • Investment in RedTone International (20% equity)[64]
  • Investment in 7Eleven Malaysia (8.5% equity)[65]
  • Investment in Berjaya Assets[66]
  • Investment in Umobile (15% equity)[67]
  • Investment in Berjaya Time Square (20% equity)[68]
  • Sold 116 acres of prime seafront land in Johor Bahru (previously converted from State land to Sultanate land, formerly the southbound heavy vehicle and passenger vehicle separate border crossings from Malaysia to Singapore, before the Johor–Singapore Causeway) and coastal reclamation rights, to Guangzhou R&F for MYR 4.5 billion [69]
  • Benalec Holdings reclamation sites in Pengarang
  • Tanjung Piai for petroleum facilities and a maritime industrial park
  • Country Garden's reclamation of 4 islands off Tanjung Kupang for the Forest City megaproject (expected size of 3,425 acres, adjacent to the Malaysia–Singapore Second Link), of which Sultan Ibrahim has 64.4% equity in Esplanade Danga 88 Sdn Bhd, which in turn has 34% equity in the joint-venture company Country Garden Pacific View (CGPV) Sdn Bhd.[70]

Issue[]

See also: Line of succession to the Malaysian throne
Name Birth Date Birth Place Death Date Death Place Marriage
Date		 Spouse Their Children Their Grandchildren
HRH Tunku Ismail Idris Abdul Majid Abu Bakar, Tunku Mahkota (1984-06-30) 30 June 1984 (age 37) 24 October 2014 HH Che' Puan Khaleeda Bustamam HH Tunku Khalsom Aminah Sofiah
HRH Tunku Iskandar Abdul Jalil Abu Bakar Ibrahim
HH Tunku Abu Bakar Ibrahim
HH Tunku Zahrah Zarith Aziyah
HH Tunku Tun Aminah Maimunah Iskandariah (1986-04-08) 8 April 1986 (age 35) 14 August 2017 The Hon. Dato' Dennis Muhammad Abdullah (formerly Dennis Verbaas) Layla Sofiah
HH Tunku Idris Iskandar Ismail, Tunku Temenggong (1987-12-25) 25 December 1987 (age 33)
HH Tunku Abdul Jalil Iskandar, Tunku Laksamana (1990-07-05)5 July 1990 5 December 2015(2015-12-05) (aged 25)
HH Tunku Abdul Rahman Hassanal Jeffri, Tunku Panglima (1993-02-05) 5 February 1993 (age 28)
HH Tunku Abu Bakar Mahmood Iskandar, Tunku Putera (2001-05-30) 30 May 2001 (age 20)

Honours[]

See also: List of honours of the Johor Royal Family by country

Johor honours[]

  • Most Esteemed Royal Family Order of Johor - ribbon bar.png Grand Master and First Class (DK I) of the Royal Family Order of Johor[citation needed]
  • Most Honourable Order of the Crown of Johor - ribbon bar.png Grand Master and First Class (SPMJ) of the Order of the Crown of Johor
  • Order of the Loyalty of Sultan Ismail (Johor) - ribbon bar.png Grand Master and Knight Grand Commander of the Order of the Loyalty of Sultan Ismail (1960, SSIJ)[71]
  • Order of Sultan Ibrahim of Johor-Darjah Sultan Ibrahim Johor.gif Founding Grand Master and Grand Knight (SMIJ) of the Order of Sultan Ibrahim of Johor (since 30 March 2015)[72]
  • Sultan Ismail Coronation Medal (1960).gif Sultan Ismail Coronation Medal (PSI 1st class) 10 February 1960
  • Sultan Iskandar Coronation Medal ribbon.gif Sultan Mahmud Iskandar Coronation Medal 11 May 1981

Honours of Malaysia[]

Foreign honours[]

Ancestry[]

Notes[]

  1. ^ Tunku Mahkota to lead tour for 10th year, 16 July 2008, The Star
  2. ^ Facts on File Yearbook, Published by Facts on File, inc., 1957, Phrase: "Married: Prince Tengku Mahmud, 24, grandson of the Sultan of Johore, & Josephine Ruby Trevorrow, 21, daughter of an English textile..."
  3. ^ Morris (1958), pg 244
  4. ^ Information Malaysia: 1985
  5. ^ The International Who's Who 2004, pp. 827
  6. ^ Morais (1967), pg 198
  7. ^ Rahman, Solomon (1985), pg 21
  8. ^ Jump up to: a b c Karim, Tate (1989), pp. 572
  9. ^ Magnificent abode for royals Archived 2009-02-05 at the Wayback Machine, Fauziah Ismail, JohorBuzz, New Straits Times
  10. ^ Day of fun and feasting, TEH ENG HOCK and MEERA VIJAYAN, 15 October 2007, The Star
  11. ^ Thanam Visvanathan, Ruler with deep concern for people–Sultan Iskandar revered as protective guardian and helpful to all his subjects, pg 1, 8 April 2001, New Sunday Times Special (Sultan of Johor's Birthday)
  12. ^ Conference of Rulers meeting begins, 26 July 2007, The Star
  13. ^ Official Launching and Opening Ceremony of the APH Multi Purpose Complex Fabrication and Supply Base - 12th June 2008 Archived 2008-09-22 at the Wayback Machine, Press Release, KIC Group of companies
  14. ^ Tunku Mahkota Johor Appointed Regent Effective Today, January 22, 2010, Bernama
  15. ^ Tunku Ibrahim Ismail Proclaimed As Sultan Of Johor January 22, 2010, Bernama
  16. ^ Sultan of Johor dies, 23 January 2010, Teo Cheng Wee, The Straits Times
  17. ^ Conference of Rulers meets today, February 10, 2010, The Star (Malaysia)
  18. ^ "Why I drove the last train out". Straits Times. 1 July 2011. Archived from the original on 4 July 2011. Retrieved 18 July 2011.
  19. ^ RAJA ABDULLAH, HAMDAN (22 November 2012). "Johor Ruler wants old buildings in Muar gazetted". thestar.com.my. Archived from the original on 19 February 2013. Retrieved 22 November 2012.
  20. ^ "Coronation of Johor Sultan". The Star. Malaysia. 23 March 2015. Retrieved 6 May 2015.
  21. ^ Ismail, Fauziah (17 August 2012). "Ruler close to the people's heart". New Straits Times. Archived from the original on 2012-08-21. Retrieved 6 December 2012.
  22. ^ "Johor declares March 23 public holiday replacing Nov 22". The Star. Malaysia. 19 March 2015. Retrieved 6 May 2015.
  23. ^ "Malaysian democrats pin their hopes on the country's royals". The Economist. 28 January 2017. Retrieved 29 January 2017.
  24. ^ Tribute to mothers’ caring nature, 14 May 2008, The Star
  25. ^ Raja Zarith: Education more important than popularity, BEH YUEN HUI, 29 August 2008, The Star
  26. ^ Tunku Mahkota’s son named Raja Muda of Johor, The Star online, Star Publications, 9 April 2006.
  27. ^ Raja Zarith Sofiah is new Pro-Chancellor, 03-16-2003, New Sunday Times; pg 2, Section: Nation
  28. ^ Chuah Bee Kim (July 17, 2017). "Source reveals tantalising details on Tunku Tun Aminah's upcoming nuptials".
  29. ^ Royals visit special people[permanent dead link], JohorBuzz, New Straits Times
  30. ^ "Tunku Temenggong Johor appointed as regent". New Straits Times. Bernama. 29 September 2012. Archived from the original on 29 September 2012. Retrieved 29 September 2012.
  31. ^ Jump up to: a b c "Johor Ruler honours his children". thestar.com.my. 22 November 2012. Archived from the original on 19 February 2013. Retrieved 22 November 2012.
  32. ^ Impian puteri raja Archived 2011-07-22 at the Wayback Machine, AZIMI MUSTAPHA, Rencana Utama, 13 November 2008, KOSMO!
  33. ^ "Johor's Friday-Saturday weekend - good and bad". Malaysiakini. 25 November 2013. Retrieved 14 January 2016.
  34. ^ "Johor Sultan decrees Kulaijaya revert to Kulai name | The Star". www.thestar.com.my.
  35. ^ "Johor's administrative capital Nusajaya to be renamed Iskandar Puteri". Straits Times. 7 December 2015. Retrieved 24 July 2016.
  36. ^ Zazali Musa (7 December 2015). "Nusajaya to be renamed Iskandar Puteri". The Star Online. Retrieved 16 March 2019.
  37. ^ Ben Tan (7 December 2015). "Name changes for Johor districts". The Rakyat Post. Retrieved 16 March 2019.
  38. ^ [1]
  39. ^ Kim, Chuah Bee (January 2, 2016). "No oversized signboards in JB [VIDEO] | New Straits Times". NST Online.
  40. ^ Kershaw (2001), pg 111
  41. ^ Ledesma, Lewis, Savage (2003), pg 366
  42. ^ Malaysia Prepares To Strip Sultans Of Their Immunity, Michael Richardson, 15 December 1992, International Herald Tribune
  43. ^ Monarchy in South-East Asia: The Faces of Tradition in Transition, Kershaw, pg 110-1
  44. ^ "List of criminal acts done by the Johor Sultan" (PDF). New Straits Times. Jan 20, 1993. p. 4.
  45. ^ Tengku Mahkota 'Sadistic': Rahim", Berita Harian, 3 February 1993
  46. ^ Prince probed for assaulting woman friend, 25 March 2007, The Star
  47. ^ Kerabat diraja disiasat kes pukol kekasih Archived 2008-04-05 at the Wayback Machine Fathi Aris Omar, 24 March 2007, mStar
  48. ^ AQUINO'S FINAL JOURNEY, KEN KASHIWAHARA, 16 October 1983, The New York Times
  49. ^ Towards Relevant Education: A General Sourcebook for Teachers (1986), Education Forum, pg 305
  50. ^ Johor royal gatecrashes wedding Jonathan Kent, 18 October 2005, BBC news
  51. ^ SAY SORRY–It shouldn't have happened, says Tunku Mahkota, pp 1-3, Aishah Ali, Oct 23, 2005, New Straits Times
  52. ^ Another VIP with outstanding traffic fines 20 June 2006, Malaysiakini
  53. ^ 又一名大人物没缴还交通传票 20 June 2006, Malaysiakini (Chinese)
  54. ^ Tunku Ibrahim settles fines 21 June 2006, Malaysiakini
  55. ^ "Johor sultan clinches WWW1 plate at RM0.5mil". Archived from the original on 2014-02-20. Retrieved 2014-01-26.
  56. ^ "JOHOR SULTAN'S WWW1 FITTED ON SATRIA NEO". Archived from the original on 2014-02-01. Retrieved 2014-01-26.
  57. ^ "Johor Sultan unveils car with WWW 1 number plate". Archived from the original on 2014-02-20. Retrieved 2014-01-26.
  58. ^ "Sultan of Johor wins 'W1N' plate". Archived from the original on 2014-01-25. Retrieved 2014-01-26.
  59. ^ "JOHOR SULTAN PAYS RM748,000 FOR W1N NUMBER PLATE".
  60. ^ Othman, Ahmad Fairuz (July 3, 2016). "Sultan Johor fastens F1 plate on Proton Perdana, takes it for a spin | New Straits Times". NST Online.
  61. ^ "10 things to know about the Sultan of Johor". The Straits Times. March 20, 2015.
  62. ^ "Johor Sultan ups stake in REDtone | The Star". www.thestar.com.my.
  63. ^ "Tech in Asia - Connecting Asia's startup ecosystem". www.techinasia.com.
  64. ^ Reuters Staff (March 17, 2015). "Malaysia's Sultan of Johor becomes top shareholder in Redtone International". Reuters – via www.reuters.com.
  65. ^ "Johor Sultan becomes 7-Eleven M'sia's 2nd largest individual shareholder | The Star". www.thestar.com.my.
  66. ^ "Johor Sultan surfaces as BAssets substantial shareholder". The Edge Markets. October 2, 2017.
  67. ^ http://www.therakyatpost.com/business/2015/12/19/johor-sultan-raises-stake-in-u-mobile/
  68. ^ "Johor Sultan buying stake for RM250m cash in Berjaya Times Square | The Star". www.thestar.com.my.
  69. ^ "Sultan of Johor's RM4.5 bil backlash?".
  70. ^ Aw, Nigel (July 18, 2014). "Royal businesses - who is Daing A Malek?". Malaysiakini.
  71. ^ See photo
  72. ^ "Laman Web Rasmi Kemahkotaan DYMM Sultan Ibrahim, Sultan Johor". kemahkotaan.johor.gov.my. Retrieved 24 February 2020.
  73. ^ "Semakan Penerima Darjah Kebesaran, Bintang, dan Pingat Persekutuan".
  74. ^ "Senarai Penuh Penerima Darjah Kebesaran, Bintang dan Pingat Persekutuan Tahun 1987" (PDF).
  75. ^ Jump up to: a b c d Penerima Darjah Kebesaran, Bintang, dan Pingat Persekutuan.
  76. ^ DKNS - Articles in Malay 1 : 1 Archived 2013-12-13 at the Wayback Machine, 3. Utusan (with photo)
  77. ^ "Maintenance Page".
  78. ^ Article in Malay mentioning the award
  79. ^ DK (Perlis) - Article in Malay : 1
  80. ^ DK (Kedah) The Star
  81. ^ 柔佛苏丹依布拉欣 获陛下颁赠DKMB勋章, Article in Chinese Archived 2014-11-12 at the Wayback Machine
  82. ^ "Their Majesties in Johor for DKMB Conferment Ceremony". Borneo Post. 9 November 2014. Retrieved 23 November 2019.
  83. ^ "Brunei sultan to mark 50 years on throne with lavish celebrations". New Straits Times. AFP. 5 October 2017. Retrieved 23 November 2019.
  84. ^ "Johor Ruler receives Bahrain's highest award". The Star Online. 26 November 2017. Retrieved 23 November 2019.
  85. ^ "Sultan of Johor receives order of Sikatuna from Philippine President". Bernama. 10 July 2019. Retrieved 23 November 2019.

References[]

  • Ali, Abdullah, Malaysian Protocol and Correct Forms of Address, published by Times Books International, 1986, ISBN 9971-65-370-2
  • Cheong, Mei Sui, Information Malaysia: 1985 Year Book,published by Berita Publishing, 1985
  • De Ledesma, Charles; Lewis, Mark; Savage, Pauline, Malaysia, Singapore and Brunei, published by Rough Guides, 2003, ISBN 1-84353-094-5
  • Karim, Gulrose; Tate, Desmond Muzaffar, Information Malaysia, published by Berita Publ. Sdn. Bhd., 1989
  • Kershaw, Roger, Monarchy in South-East Asia: The Faces of Tradition in Transition, published by Routledge, 2001, ISBN 0-415-18531-9
  • Morais, J. Victor, ed. (1967) [first edition published in 1956]. The Who's who in Malaysia (6 ed.).
  • Morris, Ira J., My East was Gorgeous, by Ira J. Morris, published by Travel Book Club, 1958
  • Nadarajah, K. N, Tengku Ahmad Rithauddeen: His Story, Pelanduk Publications, 2000, ISBN 967-978-709-5
  • Nadarajah, Nesalamar, Johore and the Origins of British Control, 1895-1914, published by Arenabuku, 2000, ISBN 967-970-318-5
  • Rahman, Abdul; Solomon, J. S., Challenging Times, published by Pelanduk Publications, 1985, ISBN 967-978-094-5
  • The International Who's Who 2004: Book with Single-User Online Access, by Elizabeth Sleeman, published by Europa Publications, Published by Routledge, 2003, ISBN 1-85743-217-7
  • Towards Relevant Education: A General Sourcebook for Teachers, published by Education Forum (Philippines), Alternative Instructional Materials Project, Education Forum, 1986, ISBN 971-91006-0-5

External links[]

Regnal titles
Preceded by
Sultan Iskandar 		Sultan of Johor
2010–present 		Incumbent
Heir apparent:
Tunku Ismail Idris
Retrieved from ""