Illyrian Eneti

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This article is about the ancient Illyian people. For other uses, see Eneti.

The Eneti or Enetoi were an Illyrian people dwelling inland of Illyria, in an area located to the north or north-west of Macedonia in classical antiquity. They were neighbors of the Dardani and the Triballi.[1]

The Eneti, along with the Taulanti, are the oldest attested peoples expressly considered Illyrian in early Greek historiography.[2] The Eneti are mentioned by Herodotus (5th century BC) in the Classical era[3] and Appian (2nd century AD) in the Roman era.[4] Also Stephanus of Byzantium (6th century AD) most likely mentioned them in his Ethnica, as suggested by Eustathius of Thessalonica (12th century AD) in his Commentaries on Homer's Iliad.[5]

Name[]

The Illyrian Eneti are mentioned by early Greek ethnographic historian Herodotus (Hist. I, 196, 5th century BC) in the Classical era as Ἰλλυριῶν Ενετούς, Illyrion Enetous.[3] Appian (Mith. 8.55, 2nd century AD) mentioned them in his accounts of the early 1st century BC Mithridatic Wars of the Roman Republic.[4] Also the toponymic dictionary Ethnica (Εθνικά) of Stephanus of Byzantium (6th century AD) provided information about them, which was consulted by Eustathius of Thessalonica (12th century AD) and reported in his Commentaries on Homer's Iliad.[5]

History[]

The Eneti, along with the Taulanti, are the oldest attested peoples expressly considered Illyrian in early Greek historiography.[2]

Herodotus' account (Hist. I, 196) of the 5th century BC is one of the earliest concerning the Illyrian peoples. Explaining the Babylonian custom of the annual sale of young girls ready to get married, the ancient historian remarks that the same custom was practiced by the Illyrian Eneti.[6][7]

Appian (Mith. 8.55) reports that in the Mithridatic Wars (88 – 63 BC) between the Roman Republic and the Kingdom of Pontus under Mithridates VI, during an interval that arose when Roman consul Lucius Cornelius Sulla Felix was awaiting Mithridates' reply to the offered peace terms, Sulla marched against the Eneti, the Dardani, and the Sinti, three tribes neighboring Macedonia who were continually invading this Roman province, and he devastated their territory.[6][7] Eustathius of Thessalonica (ad Hom. Il. 2.852, I) reports that the Ethnica of Stephanus of Byzantium recorded the Eneti as a tribe beside the Triballi.[5]

References[]

Citations[]

  1. ^ Papazoglu 1978, p. 218; Polomé 1982, p. 866; Stipčević 1989, p. 26; Eichner 2004, pp. 97, 99; Šašel Kos 2005, p. 235; Demiraj 2006, pp. 56–57; Matijašić 2011, p. 301.
  2. ^ a b Eichner 2004, pp. 97, 99.
  3. ^ a b Papazoglu 1978, p. 177; Matijašić 2011, pp. 300–301; Eichner 2004, pp. 97, 99.
  4. ^ a b Papazoglu 1978, p. 177; Matijašić 2011, pp. 300–301.
  5. ^ a b c Matijašić 2011, p. 301
  6. ^ a b Papazoglu 1978, p. 177.
  7. ^ a b Matijašić 2011, pp. 300–301.

Bibliography[]

  • Demiraj, Shaban (2006). The origin of the Albanians: linguistically investigated. Academy of Sciences of Albania. ISBN 9789994381715. Archived from the original on 20 November 2020.
  • Eichner, Heiner (2004). "Illyrisch – die unbekannte Sprache". In Eichner, Heiner (ed.). Die Illyrer. Archäologische Funde des 1. Vorchristlichen Jahrtausends aus Albanien (in German). Museum für Urgeschichte Asparn an der Zaya. pp. 92–117. ISBN 3-85460-215-4.
  • Matijašić, Ivan (2011). ""Shrieking like Illyrians": Historical geography and the Greek perspective of the Illyrian world in the 5th century BC". Arheološki Vestnik. Research Centre of the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts. 62: 289–316.
  • Papazoglu, Fanula (1978). The Central Balkan Tribes in pre-Roman Times: Triballi, Autariatae, Dardanians, Scordisci and Moesians. Amsterdam: Hakkert. ISBN 9789025607937.
  • Polomé, Edgar (1982). "Balkan Languages (Illyrian, Thracian and Daco-Moeasian)". In J. Boardman; I. E. S. Edwards; N. G. L. Hammond; E. Sollberger (eds.). The Cambridge Ancient History: The Prehistory of the Balkans; and the Middle East and the Aegean world, tenth to eighth centuries B.C. III (part 1) (2 ed.). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0521224969.
  • Šašel Kos, Marjeta (2005). Appian and Illyricum. Narodni muzej Slovenije. ISBN 961616936X.
  • Stipčević, Aleksandar (1989). Iliri: povijest, život, kultura (in Croatian). Zagreb: Školska knjiga. ISBN 9788603991062.
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