In Memoriam (Sibelius)
| In Memoriam | |
|---|---|
| Funeral march by Jean Sibelius | |
 The composer in 1904, by Albert Edelfelt | |
| Catalogue | Op. 59 |
| Composed | 1909/1910 |
| Performed | 8 October 1910 |
| Scoring | orchestra |
In Memoriam (In memory), Op. 59, is a funeral march for orchestra by Jean Sibelius. It was written in memory of Eugen Schauman. Sibelius composed a first version in 1909 and completed a final version in 1910. He conducted the first performance in Oslo on 8 October 1910. The piece was performed at his own funeral.
History[]
The work was written to commemorate Eugen Schauman who had in 1904 shot Governor-General Nikolay Bobrikov and then killed himself.[1] Sibelius mentioned on New Year's Day of 1905 "that he intended to write a requiem in memory of Eugen Schauman and that he had already started to work on it. – I just hope it will be worthy of its subject matter! After all, it will be the only monument that we can raise for him!"[1]
Only in 1909, after his throat surgery which made him think of death, he returned to the idea. Erik Tawaststjerna assumes that he wrote it also for himself. He composed a first version in 1909, completed on 14 December 1909.[1] His models were the funeral marches of Beethoven's Symphony No. 3 "Eroica" and Wagner's Götterdämmerung. The work in sonata form is introduced by the violins and violas, with a main theme developing "like the approach of a distant cortege".[2] He sent the work to the publisher Breitkopf.[2]
Reading the proofs, Sibelius was not satisfied, especially with the instrumentation. He revised the piece, completing the work in March 1910. Sibelius first performed it on 8 October 1910, played by the Musikforeningen, in concerts in Kristiania, now Oslo, Norway.[1]
In Memoriam was played at the funeral of Sibelius in 1957.[1]
Literature[]
- Tomi Mäkelä: "Jean Sibelius und seine Zeit" (German), Laaber-Verlag, Regensburg 2013
References[]
- ^ a b c d e "Other orchestral works / In Memoriam". Jean Sibelius. Finnish Club of Helsinki. Retrieved 5 December 2015.
- ^ a b Barnett, Rob (2003). Jean Sibelius (1865–1957). musicweb-international.com. pp. 201–203. ISBN 0300111592. Retrieved 12 December 2015.
External links[]
- In memoriam, Op.59: Scores at the International Music Score Library Project
- Compositions for symphony orchestra
- Compositions by Jean Sibelius
- 1910 compositions