Intertrappean Beds

Intertrappean Beds
Stratigraphic range: Maastrichtian

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Intertrappean Beds; Stratigraphic range: Maastrichtian PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
Type	Geological formation
Unit of	Deccan Traps
Overlies	Infratrappean Beds
Location
Region	Andhra Pradesh
Country	India

The Intertrappean Beds are a Late Cretaceous geologic formation in India. The beds are found as interbeds between Deccan Traps layers. Indeterminate theropod and pterosaur remains have been recovered from the formation, as well as dinosaur eggs.^[1]^[2] The mammal genera Deccanolestes, Sahnitherium, Bharattherium, and Kharmerungulatum have been recovered from it as well.^[3] A rich plant flora is known from the formation.

Paleobiota[]

Lepidosaurs[]

Genus	Species	Location	Stratigraphic position	Material	Notes	Images
	I. sahnii	Naskal microvertebrate site		Vertebrae

Mammals[]

Genus	Species	Location	Material	Notes
Bharattherium	B. bonapartei	Kisalpuri
Deccanolestes	D. hislopi	Naskal microvertebrate site	Molars, calcanea, astralgi, humerus, ulna
	D. robustus	Naskal microvertebrate site	"Dental material and an astragalus"
	D. narmadensis	Kisalpuri
Kharmerungulatum	K. vanvaleni	Kisalpuri
	D. jederi	Naskal microvertebrate site	Teeth	Sudamericid
Sahnitherium	S. rangapurensis	Rangapur microvertebrate site	Upper Molar

Flora[]

Genus	Species	Notes
	P. singpurensis	Fruit, member of Phyllanthaceae.^[4]
	C. dimorphum	Wood, affinities with Connaraceae.^[5]
Palmoxylon	P. dindoriensis	Wood, member of palm subfamily Coryphoideae.^[6]
		Fruit, member of palm tribe Borasseae.^[7]
		Palm rhizome, close affinities to Nypa.^[8]
		Fruit, member of palm tribe Cocoseae.^[9]
		Fruit, member of Torricelliaceae^[10]

Footnotes[]

^ Weishampel, et al. (2004). "Dinosaur distribution." Pp. 517-607.
^ Barrett, P.M., Butler, R.J., Edwards, N.P., & Milner, A.R. Pterosaur distribution in time and space: an atlas. p61-107. in Flugsaurier: Pterosaur papers in honour of Peter Wellnhofer. 2008. Hone, D.W.E., and Buffetaut, E. (eds). Zitteliana B, 28. 264pp.[1]
^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2011-06-07. Retrieved 2008-05-04.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
^ Kapgate, Dashrath; Manchester, Steven R.; Stuppy, Wolfgang (2017-06-01). "Oldest fruit of Phyllanthaceae from the Deccan Intertrappean Beds of Singpur, Madhya Pradesh, India" (PDF). Acta Palaeobotanica. 57 (1): 33–38. doi:10.1515/acpa-2017-0004. ISSN 2082-0259.
^ Baas, Pieter; Manchester, Steven R.; Wheeler, Elisabeth A.; Srivastava, Rashmi (2017-02-13). "Fossil wood with dimorphic fibers from the Deccan Intertrappean Beds of India – the oldest fossil Connaraceae?". IAWA Journal. 38 (1): 124–133. doi:10.1163/22941932-20170162. ISSN 0928-1541.
^ Khan, Mahasin Ali; Roy, Kaustav; Hazra, Taposhi; Mahato, Sumana; Bera, Subir (2020-01-01). "A New Coryphoid Palm from the Maastrichtian-Danian Sediments of Madhya Pradesh and its Palaeoenvironmental Implications". Journal of the Geological Society of India. 95 (1): 75–83. doi:10.1007/s12594-020-1388-1. ISSN 0974-6889.
^ Matsunaga, Kelly K S; Manchester, Steven R; Srivastava, Rashmi; Kapgate, Dashrath K; Smith, Selena Y (2019-06-21). "Fossil palm fruits from India indicate a Cretaceous origin of Arecaceae tribe Borasseae". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 190 (3): 260–280. doi:10.1093/botlinnean/boz019. ISSN 0024-4074.
^ Kathal, P. K.; Srivastava, Rashmi; Mehrotra, R. C.; Alexander, P. O. (2017-03-29). "Rhizopalmoxylon nypoides – a new palm root from the Deccan Intertrappean beds of Sagar, Madhya Pradesh, India". Journal of Earth System Science. 126 (3): 35. doi:10.1007/s12040-017-0815-1. ISSN 0973-774X.
^ Manchester, Steven R.; Bonde, Suresh D.; Nipunage, Dinesh S.; Srivatava, Rashmi; Mehrotra, Rakesh C.; Smith, Selena Y. (2016-07-19). "Trilocular Palm Fruits from the Deccan Intertrappean Beds of India". International Journal of Plant Sciences. 177 (7): 633–641. doi:10.1086/687290. ISSN 1058-5893.
^ Manchester, Steven R.; Kapgate, Dashrath K.; Patil, Sharadkumar P.; Ramteke, Deepak; Matsunaga, Kelly K.S.; Smith, Selena Y. (2019-10-23). "Morphology and Affinities of Pantocarpon Fruits (cf. Apiales: Torricelliaceae) from the Maastrichtian Deccan Intertrappean Beds of Central India". International Journal of Plant Sciences. 181 (4): 443–451. doi:10.1086/706856. ISSN 1058-5893.

References[]

Weishampel, David B.; Dodson, Peter; and Osmólska, Halszka (eds.): The Dinosauria, 2nd, Berkeley: University of California Press. 861 pp. ISBN 0-520-24209-2.

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[dinosaurdistribution-1] Weishampel, et al. (2004). "Dinosaur distribution." Pp. 517-607.

[2] Barrett, P.M., Butler, R.J., Edwards, N.P., & Milner, A.R. Pterosaur distribution in time and space: an atlas. p61-107. in Flugsaurier: Pterosaur papers in honour of Peter Wellnhofer. 2008. Hone, D.W.E., and Buffetaut, E. (eds). Zitteliana B, 28. 264pp.[1]

[3] "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2011-06-07. Retrieved 2008-05-04.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)

[4] Kapgate, Dashrath; Manchester, Steven R.; Stuppy, Wolfgang (2017-06-01). "Oldest fruit of Phyllanthaceae from the Deccan Intertrappean Beds of Singpur, Madhya Pradesh, India" (PDF). Acta Palaeobotanica. 57 (1): 33–38. doi:10.1515/acpa-2017-0004. ISSN 2082-0259.

[5] Baas, Pieter; Manchester, Steven R.; Wheeler, Elisabeth A.; Srivastava, Rashmi (2017-02-13). "Fossil wood with dimorphic fibers from the Deccan Intertrappean Beds of India – the oldest fossil Connaraceae?". IAWA Journal. 38 (1): 124–133. doi:10.1163/22941932-20170162. ISSN 0928-1541.

[6] Khan, Mahasin Ali; Roy, Kaustav; Hazra, Taposhi; Mahato, Sumana; Bera, Subir (2020-01-01). "A New Coryphoid Palm from the Maastrichtian-Danian Sediments of Madhya Pradesh and its Palaeoenvironmental Implications". Journal of the Geological Society of India. 95 (1): 75–83. doi:10.1007/s12594-020-1388-1. ISSN 0974-6889.

[7] Matsunaga, Kelly K S; Manchester, Steven R; Srivastava, Rashmi; Kapgate, Dashrath K; Smith, Selena Y (2019-06-21). "Fossil palm fruits from India indicate a Cretaceous origin of Arecaceae tribe Borasseae". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 190 (3): 260–280. doi:10.1093/botlinnean/boz019. ISSN 0024-4074.

[8] Kathal, P. K.; Srivastava, Rashmi; Mehrotra, R. C.; Alexander, P. O. (2017-03-29). "Rhizopalmoxylon nypoides – a new palm root from the Deccan Intertrappean beds of Sagar, Madhya Pradesh, India". Journal of Earth System Science. 126 (3): 35. doi:10.1007/s12040-017-0815-1. ISSN 0973-774X.

[9] Manchester, Steven R.; Bonde, Suresh D.; Nipunage, Dinesh S.; Srivatava, Rashmi; Mehrotra, Rakesh C.; Smith, Selena Y. (2016-07-19). "Trilocular Palm Fruits from the Deccan Intertrappean Beds of India". International Journal of Plant Sciences. 177 (7): 633–641. doi:10.1086/687290. ISSN 1058-5893.

[10] Manchester, Steven R.; Kapgate, Dashrath K.; Patil, Sharadkumar P.; Ramteke, Deepak; Matsunaga, Kelly K.S.; Smith, Selena Y. (2019-10-23). "Morphology and Affinities of Pantocarpon Fruits (cf. Apiales: Torricelliaceae) from the Maastrichtian Deccan Intertrappean Beds of Central India". International Journal of Plant Sciences. 181 (4): 443–451. doi:10.1086/706856. ISSN 1058-5893.

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