Juntas de Ofensiva Nacional-Sindicalista

Juntas de Ofensiva Nacional-Sindicalista
Leader	Onésimo Redondo Ramiro Ledesma Ramos
Founded	10 October 1931
Dissolved	4 March 1934
Merged into	Falange Española de las JONS
Newspaper
Youth wing
Labor wing	Agrarian Trade Union Federation
Ideology	Fascism National syndicalism
Political position	Far-right
Colours	Black and red
Slogan	¡Arriba los valores hispánicos! ¡España Una, Grande y Libre!
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show History Juntas de Ofensiva Nacional-Sindicalista (1931–1934) Falange Española (1933–1934) Falange Española de las JONS (1934–1937) Spanish Civil War (1936–1939) Francoist Spain (1939–1975)
show Ideology National syndicalism Fascism Third Position Spanish nationalism Greater Spain Hispanidad
show Notable adherents Ángel Alcázar de Velasco Martín Almagro Basch Nicasio Álvarez de Sotomayor Juan Antonio Ansaldo Agustín Aznar Tomás Borrás Sancho Dávila y Fernández de Celis José Luis de Arrese Raimundo Fernández-Cuesta Rafael García Serrano Alfonso García Valdecasas Pierre Gemayel José Antonio Girón Manuel Hedilla Ramiro Ledesma Charles Luca Gustavo Morales Narciso Perales José Antonio Primo de Rivera Pilar Primo de Rivera Onésimo Redondo Dionisio Ridruejo Luis Rosales Julio Ruiz de Alda Rafael Sánchez Mazas Andrés Soriano Óscar Únzaga Enrique Zóbel de Ayala
show Literature La Conquista del Estado Twenty-Seven Points
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Juntas de Ofensiva Nacional-Sindicalista (JONS) (English: Councils of National-Syndicalist Offensive) was a nationalist and fascist movement in 1930s Spain, merged with the Falange Española into the Falange Española de las JONS in 1934.

History[]

JONS was founded on 10 October 1931 as the fusion of the group around La Conquista del Estado (The Conquest of the State) of Ramiro Ledesma Ramos and the (Castilian Councils of Hispanic Action) of Onésimo Redondo. JONS was a small organization, primarily based amongst students in Madrid and workers and peasants in and around Valladolid. Its followers were called "jonsistas" and the leadership of JONS was the Central Executive Triumvirate.

In 1933, JONS experienced a period of expansion and it started publishing a theoretical journal, JONS. Amongst other things, it engaged in trade union work in Castile. In January 1933, set up a transport workers union in Valladolid. Later the same year, JONS founded the Agrarian Trade Union Federation. In six months it had set up 175 trade unions, which together claimed around 3,000 members. During that year, Onésimo Redondo returned from exile in Portugal and restarted the publication Libertad.

JONS also expanded throughout the country. The party had its main strongholds in Valencia, Granada, Valladolid and Santiago de Compostela. It also formed nuclei in Zaragoza, Bilbao, Salamanca and Barcelona. The party also started publishing Revolución in Zaragoza, Unidad in Galicia and Patria Sindicalista in Valencia.

Merger with Falange Española[]

At the national council of JONS, held clandestinely in Madrid on 12–13 February 1934, the organization formulated its intention to merge with the Falange Española of José Antonio Primo de Rivera. The merger formed the Falange Española de las Juntas de Ofensiva Nacional-Sindicalista, or FE-JONS.

During the Spanish Civil War, Francisco Franco forced a further merger with the very different traditional Carlists three years later to create FET y de las JONS, the Falange Española Tradicionalista y de las Juntas de Ofensiva Nacional-Sindicalista, later known simply as the Movimiento Nacional ("National Movement"), which became the only legal political party in Francoist Spain. The Movimiento was disbanded upon Spain's transition to democracy in the late 1970s.

Sources[]

• La Organización Sindical Española. Escuela Sindical 1961. 1961. Madrid. pp. 33–34.