La Raza metro station

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Pictogram of La Raza metro station. It features the silhouette of a Mesoamerican pyramid with an eagle at the top. La Raza
STC rapid transit
Several people walk through La Raza's Line 5 tunnel. The walls display multiple science and astronomy pictures.
Various scientific images are displayed in La Raza's transfer tunnel (pictured)
LocationMexico City Metro Line 3 Insurgentes Norte Avenue
Mexico City Metro Line 5 Leoncavallo Street and Paganini Street
Gustavo A. Madero, Mexico City
Mexico
Coordinates19°28′13″N 99°08′13″W / 19.470153°N 99.136891°W / 19.470153; -99.136891Coordinates: 19°28′13″N 99°08′13″W / 19.470153°N 99.136891°W / 19.470153; -99.136891
Operated bySistema de Transporte Colectivo (STC)
Line(s)Mexico City Metro Line 3 Line 3
Mexico City Metro Line 5 Line 5
Platforms4 side platforms
Tracks4
ConnectionsCETRAM La Raza
Mexico City Metrobús Line 1 icon.svg La Raza
Mexico City Metrobús Line 3 icon.svg La Raza
Trolleybus Line 1
Construction
Structure typeMexico City Metro Line 3 Underground
Mexico City Metro Line 5 At grade
Bicycle facilitiesBicycle parking-only
Disabled accessYes
Other information
StatusIn service
History
OpenedMexico City Metro Line 3 25 August 1978
Mexico City Metro Line 5 1 July 1982
Passengers
2020Total: 9,047,306
Mexico City Metro Line 3 6,817,252[1]
Mexico City Metro Line 5 2,230,054[1] Decrease 39.45%
RankMexico City Metro Line 3 33/195[1]
Mexico City Metro Line 5 146/195[1]
Services
Preceding station Mexico City Metro.svg STC Following station
Potrero
toward Indios Verdes
 Line 3 Tlatelolco
toward Universidad
Autobuses del Norte
toward Politécnico
 Line 5 Misterios
toward Pantitlán
Location
La Raza is located in Mexico City
La Raza
Pictogram of La Raza metro station. It features the silhouette of a Mesoamerican pyramid with an eagle at the top. La Raza
Location within Mexico City
Wikimedia | © OpenStreetMap
Area map

La Raza (About this soundSpanish pronunciation (help·info); Spanish transl. "the People";[2] lit. transl. "the Race"[2]) is a Mexico City Metro transfer station in the Gustavo A. Madero borough of Mexico City. It is a combined underground and at-grade station with two side platforms each, served by Lines 3 (the Olive line) and 5 (the Yellow line). La Raza station is located between Potrero and Tlatelolco stations on Line 3, and between Autobuses del Norte and Misterios stations on Line 5. It serves the colonias (neighborhoods) of Vallejo and Héroes de Nacozari. The station's pictogram depicts the Monumento a la Raza, a pyramid-shaped construction erected in honor of la Raza, Mexico's many native peoples and cultures, located near the station.

La Raza station opened on 25 August 1978 with service on Line 3 southward toward Hospital General station. Southeasterly service on Line 5 toward Pantitlán station began on 1 July 1982. The station facilities are accessible for the disabled; inside, there is an Internet café, a library, and a mural titled Monstruos de fin de milenio, painted by Ariosto Otero Reyes. Outside, there is a bicycle parking station and a bus terminal. In 2019, the station had an overall average daily ridership of 40,937 passengers.

The transfer tunnel has an approximate length of 600 meters (2,000 ft), the second-longest in the system. Inside the tunnel, there is a permanent science exhibition called El Túnel de la Ciencia ("The Tunnel of Science"), installed by the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM) to provide scientific information to passengers, which was opened on 30 November 1988. The exposition features information about science and astronomy using pictures.

Location[]

View of the bus terminal outside La Raza station Line 3. Several Nissan Caravan minibusses are parked. There are several retailers in the area.
View of the La Raza bus terminal seen from the outside of Line 3

La Raza is a metro transfer station in the Gustavo A. Madero borough, in northern Mexico City. The Line 3 station lies on Insurgentes Norte Avenue, while the Line 5 station lies at the intersection of Leoncavallo and Paganini Streets, near Eje Central Lázaro Cárdenas. La Raza serves the colonias (Mexican Spanish for "neighborhoods") of Héroes de Nacozari and Vallejo. Within the system, it lies between Potrero and Tlatelolco stations on Line 3; on Line 5, the station lies between Autobuses del Norte and Misterios stations.[3]

The area is serviced by a  [es] (CETRAM), a type of transport hub,[4] La Raza Metrobús transfer station (Lines 1 and 3),[5] and Line 1 (formerly Line A) of the trolleybus system.[3]

Exits[]

There are five exits.[3]

  • Northwest: Insurgentes Norte Avenue, Vallejo (Line 3).
  • Southwest: Insurgentes Norte Avenue, Vallejo (Line 3).
  • West: Insurgentes Norte Avenue, Héroes de Nacozari (Line 3).
  • North: Leoncavallo Street and Paganini Street, Vallejo (Line 5).
  • South: Paganini Street, Vallejo (Line 5).

History and construction[]

Picture of the Monumento a la Raza (Spanish for "Monument to the People"), a stone monument based on Mesoamerican pyramids. At the top, there is a statue of an eagle spreading its wings, and on the next story, there is a statue of a standing man.
La Raza's pictogram is based on the Monumento a la Raza pyramid (pictured)

Line 3 of the Mexico City Metro was built by Ingeniería de Sistemas de Transportes Metropolitano, Electrometro, and Cometro (a subsidiary of Empresas ICA);[6] La Raza Line 3 opened on 25 August 1978, on the first day of the La Raza–Hospital General service.[7] It was built underground;[8] the Portero–La Raza stretch goes from surface to the underground level,[9] and its length is 1,106 meters (3,629 ft),[10] while the La Raza–Tlatelolco interstation tunnel is 1,445 m (4,741 ft) long.[10]

Line 5 of the Mexico City Metro was built by Empresas ICA;[11] the station was opened on 1 July 1982, on the first day of the La Raza–Pantitlán service.[7] The station was built at-grade level.[12] While the La Raza–Autobuses del Norte interstation is 975 m (3,199 ft) long,[13] the one between La Raza and Misterios measures 892 m (2,927 ft)[13] and goes from the street level to the underground one.[10]

The passenger transfer tunnel that connects Line 3 with Line 5 has an approximate length of 600 m (2,000 ft),[14] and is the second-longest in the system after Atlalilco station, which connects Lines 8 and 12 (the Green and Golden lines, respectively), whose length is 880 m (2,890 ft).[15] La Raza's pictogram depicts the Monumento a la Raza, a pyramid-shaped construction erected in 1940 in honor of la Raza,[3][16] an ethnic movement by indigenous peoples of Mexico.[2] The facilities are accessible for the disabled, and there is an Internet café, a help desk,[3] and a library.[17]

In 2008, Metro authorities had maintenance work done on Line 5 station's roof.[18] In August 2016, the Government of Mexico City built a bicycle parking station outside La Raza station.[19]

1995 shooting[]

On 28 September 1995, Ernesto Cruz Jiménez, a Huixquilucan police officer, entered a parked train and shot seven passengers, killing two of them.[20][21] After being arrested, Cruz said he felt depressed. He was sentenced to 50 years in prison.[22][23] After the incident, the Government of Mexico City had walk-through metal detectors installed in the metro system.[21][24]

Ridership[]

According to the data provided by the authorities since the 2000s, except for 2020, commuters have averaged per year between 30,000 to 42,500 daily entrances on Line 3 and between 8,200 to 12,900 daily entrances on Line 5.

In 2019, La Raza station had a total ridership of 14,942,281 passengers. For Line 3, the ridership was 11,364,171 passengers—31,134 passengers per day, which was a decrease of 397,769 passengers compared to 2018. For Line 5, the station had a ridership of 3,578,110—9,803 passengers per day, which was a decrease of 46,541 compared to 2018.

In 2019, the Line 3 station was the 38th busiest of the system's 195 stations, and the line's 6th busiest. The Line 5 station was the 155th busiest in the system and the line's 5th busiest.

Annual passenger ridership (Line 3)
Year Ridership Average daily Rank % change Ref.
2020 6,817,252 18,626 33/195 −40.01% [1]
2019 11,364,171 31,134 38/195 −3.38% [25]
2018 11,761,940 32,224 35/195 −0.50% [26]
2017 11,820,693 32,385 36/195 +5.19% [27]
2016 11,237,304 30,703 43/195 −5.01% [28]
2015 11,830,310 32,411 36/195 −1.20% [29]
2014 11,974,008 32,805 36/195 −3.37% [30]
2013 12,392,170 33,951 34/195 +2.89% [31]
2012 12,044,635 32,908 33/195 −12.74% [32]
2011 13,802,967 37,816 30/175 +0.10% [33]
2010 13,789,229 37,778 22/175 −6.80% [34]
2009 14,795,131 40,534 19/175 +1.95% [35]
2008 14,511,776 39,649 21/175 −6.32% [36]
2007 15,491,474 42,442 19/175 +6.55% [37]
2006 14,539,339 37,778 20/175 – [38]
Annual passenger ridership (Line 5)
Year Ridership Average daily Rank % change Ref.
2020 2,230,054 6,093 146/195 −37.68% [1]
2019 3,578,110 9,803 155/195 −1.28% [25]
2018 3,624,651 9,930 154/195 −0.37% [26]
2017 3,638,243 9,967 152/195 +4.42% [27]
2016 3,484,215 9,519 151/195 −8.53% [28]
2015 3,809,245 10,436 136/195 +2.41% [29]
2014 3,719,585 10,190 139/195 −3.96% [30]
2013 3,872,902 10,610 144/195 −9.29% [31]
2012 4,269,660 11,665 134/195 −8.63% [32]
2011 4,673,070 12,802 132/175 +27.29% [33]
2010 3,671,113 10,057 125/175 +0.08% [34]
2009 3,668,032 10,049 126/175 +0.96% [35]
2008 3,633,261 9,926 127/175 +21.33% [36]
2007 2,994,438 8,203 134/175 −8.94% [37]
2006 3,288,567 9,009 133/175 – [38]

Landmarks[]

El túnel de la ciencia[]

The El túnel de la ciencia Museum (English for "The Tunnel of Science")[39][40] is the longest permanent exposition in the world.[41] Science and astronomy pictures and information are mounted on the walls located inside the transfer tunnel. It was opened on 30 November 1988—the first Latin American scientific exhibition installed in a public transport location.[17] Its purpose is to provide scientific information to passengers. It is aimed at young people since many of them are students at the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM) and the National Polytechnic Institute (IPN).[42] The tunnel's area is 6,177 square meters (66,490 sq ft)[43] and features images of the autumn-sky constellations,[42] planets and satellites, the Milky Way,[44] and, in the middle of the tunnel, there is a drawn-to-scale representation of the celestial sphere displaying the 12 zodiac constellations, drawn with luminous paint.[17][45] The exhibition was installed by Universum, UNAM's science museum.[42] It is estimated that 60,000 people visit it with the guided tour service.[17] In 2018, the  [es] remodeled the tunnel.[17]

Other exhibitions[]

On 25 November 2008, the Metro authorities installed the 1997 mural Monstruos de fin de milenio (lit. transl. Monsters from the End of the Millenium), which was painted and donated to the metro system by Mexican painter  [es].[46]

In June 2015, the Center for Research and Advanced Studies (CINVESTAV) of the IPN exhibited multiple human brains, their anatomy, and some injuries they had suffered.[47] In April 2016, the  [es] displayed rocks, fossils, minerals, and a shark jaw.[48] In June 2016, the system featured an exhibition of 80 preserved human body parts by the Tominaga Nakamoto University, a display of 50 sculptures by Nour Kuri representing human bodies, and six photographs by Duilio Rodríguez representing pain.[49][50] In May and June 2018, La Raza station hosted exhibitions by Manuel de la Cera, Norma Patiño, Teresa Olalde, and the Metropolitan Autonomous University (UAM)'s LibroFest.[51]

From 21 August to 15 October 2018, the Secretariat of Agriculture and Rural Development (SAGARPA) and the National Commission for the Knowledge and Use of Biodiversity (CONABIO) displayed an exposition in the tunnel on bees and their ecological importance.[52] In 2020, the station temporarily displayed pictures, landscapes, and sculptures created by Swiss artist H. R. Giger.[53]

Gallery[]

A picture of La Raza's tunnel that represents the night sky.
In the middle of the tunnel, a representation of the celestial sphere is depicted with luminous paint
A mural depicts multiple people claiming and other fighting humanoid creatures. Some people hold books and documents that translate as "Social justice", "1917 Constitution" and the Spanish acronyms for the "Food and Agriculture Organization", the "Organization of American States", and the "United Nations".
Monstruos de Fin de Milenio mural by Ariosto Otero Reyes
An exhibition, whose title translates as "The fascinating expression of life: The human body", displays some human brains and spinal cord.
The June 2016 exhibition on the human body displaying the nervous system
Picture of an art gallery displaying 4 paintings.
Síntomas by Duilio Rodríguez
Landmarks and exhibitions at La Raza

References[]

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  48. ^ Ahumada, Dulce (11 April 2016). "Fósiles y dinosaurios llegan al Metro La Raza" [Fossils and dinosaurs arrive to La Raza metro station] (in Spanish). máspormás. Archived from the original on 1 July 2020. Retrieved 25 June 2020.
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External links[]

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