Langres
Langres | |
|---|---|
Subprefecture and commune | |
 View of Langres from the southeast | |
 Coat of arms | |
show Location of Langres | |
  Langres | |
| Coordinates: 47°51′48″N 5°20′02″E / 47.8633°N 5.3339°ECoordinates: 47°51′48″N 5°20′02″E / 47.8633°N 5.3339°E | |
| Country | France |
| Region | Grand Est |
| Department | Haute-Marne |
| Arrondissement | Langres |
| Canton | Langres |
| Intercommunality | Grand Langres |
| Government | |
| • Mayor (2020–2026) | Anne Cardinal |
| Area 1 | 22.33 km2 (8.62 sq mi) |
| Population (Jan. 2018)[1] | 7,699 |
| • Density | 340/km2 (890/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
| INSEE/Postal code | 52269 /52200 |
| Elevation | 327–475 m (1,073–1,558 ft) (avg. 475 m or 1,558 ft) |
| 1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. | |
Langres (French pronunciation: [lɑ̃ɡʁ] (
listen)) is a commune in northeastern France. It is a subprefecture of the department of Haute-Marne, in the region of Grand Est.
History[]
As the capital of the Romanized Gallic tribe known as the Lingones, it was called Andematunnum, then Lingones, and now Langres.
A hilltop town, Langres was built on a limestone promontory of the same name. This stronghold was originally occupied by the Lingones. At a later date the Romans fortified the town, which they called Andemantunum, located at a strategic crossroads of twelve Roman roads.[citation needed] The first-century Triumphal Gate and the many artefacts exhibited in the museums are remnants of the town's Gallo-Roman history. After the period of invasions, the town prospered in the Middle Ages, due in part to the growing political influence of its bishops. The diocese covered Champagne, the Duchy of Burgundy, and Franche-Comté, and the bishops obtained the right to coin money in the ninth century and to name the military governor of the city in 927. The Bishop of Langres was a duke and peer of France. The troubled 14th and 15th centuries caused the town to strengthen its defenses, which still give the old city its fortified character, and Langres entered a period of royal tutelage. The Renaissance, which returned prosperity to the town, saw the construction of numerous fine civil, religious and military buildings that still stand today. In the 19th century, a "Vauban" citadel was added.
Main sights[]
Langres has a historic town center surrounded by defensive walls with a dozen towers and seven gates.
The cathedral of Saint-Mammès is a late 12th-century structure dedicated to Mammes of Caesarea, a 3rd-century martyr.
Culture[]
Langres is home to producers of an AOC-protected cheese of the same name. It is a soft, pungent cow's milk cheese that is known for its rind, which is washed.
The town was long known for its cutlery industry. Didier Diderot, father of encyclopedist Denis, was a cutler.[2]
A museum called the Denis Diderot House of Enlightenment opened in 2013. This museum, set up in a private mansion from the 16th and 18th centuries, is dedicated to the philosopher Denis Diderot .[citation needed]
Notable people[]
Langres was the birthplace of:
- Nicolas Ribonnier (ca.1525–1605), Renaissance architect
- Jeanne Mance (1606–1673), the co-founder of Montreal
- Claude Gillot (1673–1722), painter
- Denis Diderot (1713–1784), the philosopher of the Age of Enlightenment, and the editor-in-chief of the Encyclopédie.
- Étienne Jean Bouchu (1714–1773), metallurgist and Encyclopédiste
- Nicolas Fallet (1746–1801), playwright and journalist
- Joseph-Philibert Girault de Prangey (1804–1892), photographer and draughtsman
- Jules Violle (1841–1923), physicist and inventor
- Jean Tabourot, who went by the pen name Thoinot Arbeau and wrote Orchésographie, a book on dance and music.
Climate[]
Langres features an oceanic climate (Cfb), closely bordering on a humid continental climate (Dfb) due to its altitude. Summers are moderately hot and sunny, winters are cold, foggy and often snowy.
| hideClimate data for Langres (1981–2010 averages) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 14.5 (58.1) |
17.7 (63.9) |
21.9 (71.4) |
26.2 (79.2) |
29.8 (85.6) |
34.1 (93.4) |
35.9 (96.6) |
37.6 (99.7) |
31.6 (88.9) |
25.7 (78.3) |
21.1 (70.0) |
15.5 (59.9) |
37.6 (99.7) |
| Average high °C (°F) | 3.4 (38.1) |
5.1 (41.2) |
9.4 (48.9) |
13.1 (55.6) |
17.4 (63.3) |
20.8 (69.4) |
23.5 (74.3) |
23.2 (73.8) |
18.9 (66.0) |
13.8 (56.8) |
7.6 (45.7) |
4.1 (39.4) |
13.4 (56.1) |
| Average low °C (°F) | −1.3 (29.7) |
−0.7 (30.7) |
2.1 (35.8) |
4.6 (40.3) |
8.7 (47.7) |
11.7 (53.1) |
13.9 (57.0) |
13.9 (57.0) |
10.6 (51.1) |
7.2 (45.0) |
2.4 (36.3) |
−0.3 (31.5) |
6.1 (43.0) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −18.1 (−0.6) |
−21.2 (−6.2) |
−13.2 (8.2) |
−6.6 (20.1) |
−2.9 (26.8) |
2.5 (36.5) |
5.1 (41.2) |
5.1 (41.2) |
2.1 (35.8) |
−4.5 (23.9) |
−10.7 (12.7) |
−16.4 (2.5) |
−21.2 (−6.2) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 80.5 (3.17) |
64.9 (2.56) |
65.5 (2.58) |
59.9 (2.36) |
82.4 (3.24) |
70.0 (2.76) |
74.4 (2.93) |
67.1 (2.64) |
72.1 (2.84) |
86.8 (3.42) |
83.5 (3.29) |
88.4 (3.48) |
895.5 (35.26) |
| Average precipitation days | 12.4 | 10.6 | 11.4 | 10.4 | 12.6 | 10.3 | 9.5 | 8.9 | 9.4 | 11.9 | 11.9 | 12.9 | 132.0 |
| Average snowy days | 7.6 | 6.9 | 5.4 | 3.2 | 0.3 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.3 | 3.5 | 6.2 | 33.4 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 90 | 84 | 78 | 72 | 74 | 73 | 71 | 74 | 79 | 86 | 89 | 91 | 80.1 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 61.7 | 86.3 | 139.1 | 171.9 | 194.0 | 213.9 | 225.8 | 219.6 | 169.6 | 111.9 | 60.7 | 48.4 | 1,702.8 |
| Source 1: Météo France[3][4] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: Infoclimat.fr (humidity and snowy days, 1961–1990)[5] | |||||||||||||
International relations[]
Langres is twinned with:
Beaconsfield, United Kingdom - since 1995[6]
Ellwangen, Germany - since 1964
Abbiategrasso, Italy
See also[]
- Bishopric of Langres
- The Langres war memorial has a sculpture by Georges Saupique
Gallery[]
Road sign announcing improvements to the Citadel of Langres
Saint-Mammès Cathedral
Saint-Mammès Cathedral
Saint-Mammès Cathedral
Saint-Mammès Cathedral
Saint-Mammès Cathedral Cloister
Saint-Mammès Cathedral Cloister
Bas relief at Saint-Mammès Cathedral
Moulins Gate
Moulins Gate
Moulins Gate
Ramparts of the Citadel
Ramparts and Funicular
Saint-Ferjeux Tower
Navarre and d'Orval Tower
Navarre and d'Orval Tower
Navarre and d'Orval Tower ceiling framework
Navarre and d'Orval Tower torch holder
Navarre and d'Orval Tower torch holder
Navarre and d'Orval Tower gargoyle
Navarre and d'Orval Tower
Navarre and d'Orval Tower
Navarre and d'Orval Tower
Navarre and d'Orval Tower well
Navarre and d'Orval Tower vaulted arch
Former Jesuit College
Renaissance cellar
Entrance to City Hall
Statue of Denis Diderot
Renaissance period mansion
Renaissance period mansion
Henriot Square
Saint-Martin Church
References[]
- ^ "Populations légales 2018". INSEE. 28 December 2020.
- ^ Génin, M.F. (1862). Œuvres choisies de Diderot, précédées de sa vie [Selected Works of Diderot, Prefaced with his Biography] (in French). Paris: Librairie de Firmin Didot Frères, Fils et Compagnie.
- ^ "Données climatiques de la station de Langres" (in French). Meteo France. Retrieved December 31, 2015.
- ^ "Climat Champagne-Ardenne" (in French). Meteo France. Retrieved December 31, 2015.
- ^ "Normes et records 1961-1990: Langres (52) - altitude 467m" (in French). Infoclimat. Retrieved December 31, 2015.
- ^ "British towns twinned with French towns". Archant Community Media Ltd. Archived from the original on 2013-07-05. Retrieved 2013-07-11.
External links[]
 |
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Langres. |
- Catholic Encyclopedia: Diocese of Langres
- Langres official website (in French)
| show Authority control  |
|---|
- Communes of Haute-Marne
- Subprefectures in France
- Lingones
- Champagne (province)