Linia Hutnicza Szerokotorowa

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Broad Gauge Metallurgy Line
ST40s on LHS
ST40s on the Broad Gauge Metallurgy Line.
Overview
OwnerPKP LHS Sp. z o.o.
LocaleSouthern Poland
TerminiBug River Bridge (Polish-Ukrainian border)
Sławków
Stations6
WebsiteOfficial website
Service
TypeFreight
SystemS64/R65 (main)
UIC60
Services1
Operator(s)PKP LHS Sp. z o.o.
History
Commenced15 November 1976 (1976-11-15)
Opened30 November 1979 (1979-11-30)
Technical
Line length394.65 km (245.22 mi)
Track length600 km (372.82 mi)
Track gauge1,520 mm (4 ft 11+27⁄32 in) Russian gauge
ElectrificationNo
Operating speed80 km/h (50 mph)
LHS in Poland
legend
  • 1 State border
  • 2 Hrubieszów
  • 3 Zamość
  • 4 Biłgoraj
  • 5 Nisko
  • 6 Wola Baranowska
  • 7 Staszów
  • 8 Grzybów
  • 9 Sędziszów
  • 10 Kępie
  • 11 Zarzecze
  • 12 Sławków

Broad Gauge Metallurgy Line (Polish: Linia Hutnicza Szerokotorowa, LHS) is the longest broad gauge railway line in Poland. Except for this line and a few very short stretches near border crossings, Poland uses standard gauge. The single-track line runs for almost 400 km from the Polish-Ukrainian border crossing, just east of Hrubieszów, to Sławków Południowy (near Katowice). It is used only for freight, mainly iron ore (more than 50% of the volume of all goods transported), coal, petrochemical products, minerals and timber.[1] It is the westernmost direct connection to the broad-gauge network of the former Soviet Union.

The line is operated by PKP Linia Hutnicza Szerokotorowa.

History[]

In the 1970s the new giant Katowice Steelworks, then in its most prosperous period, required great quantities of iron ore. The main source was mines near Kryvyi Rih (then in the USSR, now in Ukraine), from where it was transported by rail via Medyka, Przemyśl, and Tarnów to Jaworzno Szczakowa. This line had inadequate capacity to carry the traffic.

PKP considered two options: to expand existing transshipment facilities at the border (the break of gauge point) and to upgrade existing railway line to three or even four tracks to allow more freight to be carried, or to build a new broad-gauge line to ease transit across the border. The latter was chosen, the advantages cited were that the newly-designed line could be built to accommodate the heaviest trains allowed to run on broad gauge network, there would be no need for an unfreezing facility at the border (in winters ore arrived frozen solid, presenting a challenge at the transshipment facility) and PKP needed not to use own wagons to transport the goods on the Polish network as the Soviet wagons would be used for the entire transport.[2] A broad gauge line with direct connection to the Soviet railway network also was of strategic importance, allowing Soviet troops to be quickly deployed closer to the iron curtain.[3] The new line was designed by CBSiPBK (Central Bureau for Railway Construction Designs and Studies) in Warsaw, Józef Skorupski was the general designer, Twenty-one other design bureaus, eight geological companies and three technical universities took part in the project.

The line was built partly alongside existing standard-gauge lines which facilitated the construction works.[2] To save costs, the line was routed through Roztoczański National Park despite intensive lobbying by the park management.[4]

The line opened in 1979 and was used to import iron ore from the USSR and export coal and sulphur. After the fall of communism and the economic changes of 1989, traffic greatly diminished. In 1994 export of sulphur stopped.[3] Various schemes are being tried to increase its profitability, such as offering transport and forwarding services to all interested customers, leasing of commercial space and some rolling stock maintenance.[5]

In the 1990s the LHS line was used by long-distance passenger trains to Russia and Ukraine. Initially, it was one pair of fast trains from Moscow to Olkusz, running every other day. In 1993, two pairs of trains Lviv –  [pl] and Moscow – Zamość North were added. In 1994, passenger trains on the LHS line ran only once a week on the route Kharkiv – Olkusz. Since the mid-90s, passenger trains have run sporadically as special trains.[6]

In 2000 a new company within the PKP group, PKP Linia Hutnicza Szerokotorowa, was established to manage the line.[7]

On 5 January 2020 the first intermodal container train from China used the line to reach the Sławków terminal, after travelling the 9,477 km (5,889 mi) route from Xi'an via Kazakhstan, Russia and Ukraine over 12 days.[8] The company operating the line hopes that regular connections with China are established, taking advantage of the fact that its wide-gauge permits quick crossing of the border between Poland and Ukraine.

The company is in the process of installing warning lights (and, in some cases, barriers) at level crossings, extending the Hrubieszów LHS station and upgrading the train control systems. The works are due to be completed by the end of 2025.[9][10]

Names[]

The original, 1970s name was Linia Hutniczo-Siarkowa (Metallurgy-Sulphur Line), shortened to LHS.

Sometime in the 1990s, the name was changed to Linia Hutnicza Szerokotorowa (Broad Gauge Metallurgy Line). The new name retained the well-established acronym LHS but dropped the Sulphur part, as sulphur is no longer traded between Poland and the East.

Facilities and rolling stock[]

There are 10 goods stations on the line: Hrubieszów LHS, Zamość Bortatycze LHS, Szczebrzeszyn LHS, Zwierzyniec Towarowy, Biłgoraj LHS, Wola Baranowska LHS, Staszów LHS, Gołuchów LHS, Sędziszów LHS, Sławków LHS. There is a bogie exchange facility at Sędziszów LHS and a SUW 2000 gauge changing facility at Zamość Bortatycze LHS. Zamość Bortatycze LHS is also home to a locomotive depot and at Sędziszów LHS there is a wagon depot. There are two sidings: one at Sławków LHS to the iron ore unloading facility, owned and operated by Katowice Steelworks, and another, unused since 1994, at Grzybów to the Siarkopol sulphur mine. In 1990s there existed also two passenger stations at Zamość Północny and Olkusz.[6] Near the Sławków LHS station there exists Euroterminal Sławków, a major intermodal terminal, owned and operated by PKP Cargo.[11] It is the westernmost point of the Russian gauge railway network.

A new goods station is being built on the site of former passenger stop Zamość Północ, to be named Zamość Majdan.[9]

Stations[12][13]
Station Standard gauge siding Customs Container facility Warehouse Other facilities / notes Location
Hrubieszów LHS Green check.svg Yes Green check.svg Yes Dark Red x.svg No Dark Red x.svg No Border checkpoint, phytosanitary and veterinary checkpoint 50°47′28″N 23°55′05″E / 50.791°N 23.918°E / 50.791; 23.918 (Hrubieszów LHS station)
Zamość Majdan LHS Under construction 50°44′42″N 23°16′01″E / 50.745°N 23.267°E / 50.745; 23.267 (Zamość Majdan LHS station)
Zamość Bortatycze LHS Green check.svg Yes Dark Red x.svg No Green check.svg Yes Dark Red x.svg No SUW 2000 gauge changing facility, locomotive depot 50°44′28″N 23°11′10″E / 50.741°N 23.186°E / 50.741; 23.186 (Zamość Bortatycze LHS station)
Szczebrzeszyn LHS Dark Red x.svg No Dark Red x.svg No Green check.svg Yes Green check.svg Yes Handling of all types of cargo except liquid fuels and dangerous goods 50°40′05″N 22°58′23″E / 50.668°N 22.973°E / 50.668; 22.973 (Szczebrzeszyn LHS station)
Biłgoraj LHS Dark Red x.svg No Dark Red x.svg No Dark Red x.svg No Dark Red x.svg No Handling of all types of cargo except dangerous, flammable and toxic goods 50°33′07″N 22°43′59″E / 50.552°N 22.733°E / 50.552; 22.733 (Biłgoraj LHS station)
Wola Baranowska LHS Green check.svg Yes Dark Red x.svg No Green check.svg Yes Dark Red x.svg No Bonded warehouse 50°26′02″N 21°34′01″E / 50.434°N 21.567°E / 50.434; 21.567 (Wola Baranowska LHS station)
Staszów LHS Green check.svg Yes Dark Red x.svg No Dark Red x.svg No Dark Red x.svg No 50°33′00″N 21°09′29″E / 50.550°N 21.158°E / 50.550; 21.158 (Staszów LHS station)
Grzybów LHS Dark Red x.svg No Dark Red x.svg No Dark Red x.svg No Dark Red x.svg No Siding to Siarkopol sulphur mine (unused), no other facilities 50°31′48″N 21°03′25″E / 50.530°N 21.057°E / 50.530; 21.057 (Grzybów LHS station)
Gołuchów LHS Green check.svg Yes Dark Red x.svg No Dark Red x.svg No Dark Red x.svg No Liquefied gases handling facility 50°36′40″N 20°39′29″E / 50.611°N 20.658°E / 50.611; 20.658 (Gołuchów LHS station)
Sędziszów LHS Green check.svg Yes Dark Red x.svg No Dark Red x.svg No Dark Red x.svg No Bogie exchange facility, wagon depot, no other facilities 50°34′41″N 20°05′28″E / 50.578°N 20.091°E / 50.578; 20.091 (Sędziszów LHS station)
Sławków LHS Green check.svg Yes Green check.svg Yes Green check.svg Yes Green check.svg Yes Bonded warehouses, facilities for handling liquefied gases, liquid fuels, semitrailers and lorries piggybacked on flat wagons 50°16′30″N 19°21′54″E / 50.275°N 19.365°E / 50.275; 19.365 (Sławków LHS station)
Euroterminal Sławków Green check.svg Yes Green check.svg Yes Green check.svg Yes Green check.svg Yes Bonded warehouse, facilities for handling liquid chemicals, metallurgical products, pig iron, glass, semitrailers piggybacked on flat wagons 50°16′55″N 19°18′32″E / 50.282°N 19.309°E / 50.282; 19.309 (Euroterminal Sławków)
All stations are equipped to handle granular bulk cargo, breakbulk cargo and timber, except as indicated by "no other facilities".

LHS owns a number of M62 (classed ST44) and TEM2 (classed SM48) diesel locomotives, a number of them underwent comprehensive rebuilding to types 311Da (classed ST40s) and 16D (classed ST48), respectively. The company owns a number of wagons but mostly operates rolling stock by foreign customers (Belarusian, Russian and Ukrainian).[14]

Future proposals[]

  • Electrification at 25 kV AC (system to be used on the connecting Ukrainian railway line) or 3 kV DC (nationwide system in Poland).[15] The section from the border to  [pl] will be electrified first in conjunction with the electrification of the connecting border – Izov – Kovel line in Ukraine.[16]
  • Extension from  [pl] to Gliwice or Kędzierzyn-Koźle.[15]
  • New intermodal terminals.[15] One will be built at  [pl].[17]
  • Acquisition of 200 80-ft container flat wagons.[18]

See also[]

References[]

  1. ^ Sala 2021, p. 90.
  2. ^ a b Graff 2019, p. 36.
  3. ^ a b Sala 2021, p. 87.
  4. ^ Wojciechowski, Krzysztof (March 2005). "Szerokie tory w parku" [Broad gauge track in park]. Dzikie Życie (in Polish). Vol. 11, no. 3/129.
  5. ^ Graff 2019, p. 40.
  6. ^ a b Graff 2019, p. 38.
  7. ^ Sala 2021, p. 88.
  8. ^ Dziennik Zachodni, 6 January 2020. Pierwszy pociąg z Chin wjechał do Polski szerokim torem LHS bez przeładunku na granicy. Wczoraj dotarł do stacji końcowej Sławków LHS
  9. ^ a b Malinowski, Łukasz (20 September 2021). "PKP LHS: Rosną przewozy intermodalne z Chin" [PKP LHS: Growth in intermodal transport from China] (in Polish). Retrieved 20 September 2021.
  10. ^ "Nowa sygnalizacja na przejazdach kolejowo-drogowych PKP LHS" [New warning lights at PKP LHS level crossings] (in Polish). 27 September 2019. Retrieved 20 September 2021.
  11. ^ Graff 2019, pp. 41–43.
  12. ^ "Stations". LHS (in Polish). Retrieved 10 September 2021.
  13. ^ "Offer". Euroterminal Sławków. Retrieved 10 September 2021.
  14. ^ Graff 2019, pp. 38, 43–44.
  15. ^ a b c Szymajda, Michał (6 September 2019). "Do końca roku analizy wskażą, czy elektryfikować LHS" [By end of year analysis will show if LHS should be electrified]. Rynek Kolejowy (in Polish).
  16. ^ "Electrification to increase Ukraine – Poland iron ore export capacity". Railway Gazette International. 8 May 2021. In conjunction with the UZ scheme, Poland has agreed to electrify its 3 km section of the route from the border to Hrubieszów.
  17. ^ "State aid approved for a transshipment terminal in Poland". Railway PRO. 6 May 2020.
  18. ^ Madrjas, Jakub (19 April 2021). "PKP LHS chce kupić 200 wagonów do przewozu kontenerów" [PKP LHS wants to buy 200 container wagons]. Rynek Kolejowy (in Polish). Retrieved 25 April 2021.

External links[]

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