List of 1900 Summer Olympics medal winners
The 1900 Summer Olympics, officially the Games of the II Olympiad, were an international multi-sport event which was held in 1900 in Paris, France. Gold medals were not given at the 1900 Games. A silver medal was given for a first place and a bronze medal was given for second. The International Olympic Committee has retroactively assigned gold, silver, and bronze medals to competitors who earned 1st, 2nd, and 3rd-place finishes respectively in order to bring early Olympics in line with current awards.[1]
Contents | |||
See also References |
Archery[]
Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
---|---|---|---|
Au Cordon Doré 50 metres |
Henri Hérouin France |
Hubert Van Innis Belgium |
Émile Fisseux France |
Au Cordon Doré 33 metres |
Hubert Van Innis Belgium |
Victor Thibault France |
Charles Frédéric Petit France |
Au Chapelet 50 metres |
Eugène Mougin France |
Henri Helle France |
Émile Mercier France |
Au Chapelet 33 metres |
Hubert Van Innis Belgium |
Victor Thibault France |
Charles Frédéric Petit France |
Championnat du Monde |
Henri Hérouin France |
Hubert Van Innis Belgium |
Not awarded |
Sur la Perche à la Herse |
Emmanuel Foulon Belgium |
Auguste Serrurier France Émile Druart |
Not awarded |
Sur la Perche à la Pyramide |
Émile Grumiaux France |
Auguste Serrurier France |
Louis Glineur Belgium |
Athletics[]
Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
---|---|---|---|
60 metres |
Alvin Kraenzlein 7.0 s United States |
Walter Tewksbury 7.1 s United States |
Stan Rowley 7.2 s Australia |
100 metres |
Frank Jarvis 11.0 s United States |
Walter Tewksbury 11.1 s United States |
Stan Rowley 11.2 s Australia |
200 metres |
Walter Tewksbury 22.2 s United States |
Norman Pritchard 22.8 s India |
Stan Rowley 22.9 s Australia |
400 metres |
Maxie Long 49.4 s United States |
William Holland 49.6 s United States |
Ernst Schultz 51.5 s Denmark |
800 metres |
Alfred Tysoe 2:01.2 Great Britain |
John Cregan 2:03.0 United States |
David Hall 2:03.8 United States |
1500 metres |
Charles Bennett 4:06.2 Great Britain |
Henri Deloge 4:06.6 France |
John Bray 4:07.2 United States |
Marathon |
Michel Théato 2:59:45 Luxembourg [2][3] |
Émile Champion 3:04:17 France |
Ernst Fast 3:37:14 Sweden |
110 metres hurdles |
Alvin Kraenzlein 15.4 s United States |
John McLean 15.5 s United States |
Frederick Moloney 15.6 s United States |
200 metres hurdles |
Alvin Kraenzlein 25.4 s United States |
Norman Pritchard 26.0 s India |
Walter Tewksbury 26.1 s United States |
400 metres hurdles |
Walter Tewksbury 57.6 s United States |
Henri Tauzin 58.3 s France |
George Orton 58.8 s Canada |
2500 metres steeplechase |
George Orton 7:34.4 Canada |
Sidney Robinson 7:38.0 Great Britain |
Jacques Chastanié Unknown France |
4000 metres steeplechase |
John Rimmer 12:58.4 Great Britain |
Charles Bennett 12:58.6 Great Britain |
Sidney Robinson 12:58.8 Great Britain |
5000 metres team race |
Mixed team (ZZX) Charles Bennett (GBR) John Rimmer (GBR) Sidney Robinson (GBR) Alfred Tysoe (GBR) Stan Rowley (AUS) |
France (FRA) Henri Deloge Jacques Chastanié André Castanet Michel Champoudry Gaston Ragueneau |
none awarded |
Long jump |
Alvin Kraenzlein 7.185 m United States |
Myer Prinstein 7.175 m United States |
Patrick Leahy 6.950 m Great Britain |
Triple jump |
Myer Prinstein 14.47 m United States |
James Connolly 13.97 m United States |
Lewis Sheldon 13.64 m United States |
High jump |
Irving Baxter 1.90 m United States |
Patrick Leahy 1.78 m Great Britain |
Lajos Gönczy 1.75 m Hungary |
Pole vault |
Irving Baxter 3.30 m United States |
Meredith Colket 3.25 m United States |
Carl Albert Andersen 3.20 m Norway |
Standing long jump |
Ray Ewry 3.20 m United States |
Irving Baxter 3.135 m United States |
Émile Torchebœuf 3.03 m France |
Standing triple jump |
Ray Ewry 10.58 m United States |
Irving Baxter 9.95 m United States |
Robert Garrett 9.50 m United States |
Standing high jump |
Ray Ewry 1.655 m United States |
Irving Baxter 1.525 m United States |
Lewis Sheldon 1.500 m United States |
Shot put |
Richard Sheldon 14.10 m United States |
Josiah McCracken 12.85 m United States |
Robert Garrett 12.37 m United States |
Discus throw |
Rudolf Bauer 36.04 m Hungary |
František Janda-Suk 35.04 m Bohemia |
Richard Sheldon 34.50 m United States |
Hammer throw |
John Flanagan 51.01 m United States |
Truxtun Hare 46.26 m United States |
Josiah McCracken 43.58 m United States |
Basque pelota[]
Gold | Silver |
---|---|
Spain (ESP) |
none awarded[4] |
Cricket[]
Gold | Silver |
---|---|
Devon and Somerset Wanderers Great Britain C. B. K. Beachcroft (captain) |
French Athletic Club Union Mixed team[5] William Anderson |
Croquet[]
Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
---|---|---|---|
Singles, one ball |
Gaston Aumoitte (FRA) | Georges Johin (FRA) | Chrétien Waydelich (FRA) |
Singles, two balls |
Chrétien Waydelich (FRA) | Maurice Vignerot (FRA) | Jacques Sautereau (FRA) |
Doubles |
France (FRA) Gaston Aumoitte Georges Johin |
None | None |
Cycling[]
Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
---|---|---|---|
Men's sprint |
Georges Taillandier France |
Fernand Sanz France |
John Henry Lake United States |
Men's 25 km |
Louis Bastien France |
Louis Hildebrand Great Britain |
Auguste Daumain France |
Men's points race [6] |
Enrico Brusoni Italy |
Karl Duill Germany |
Louis Trousselier France |
Equestrian[]
Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
---|---|---|---|
Jumping |
Aimé Haegeman Belgium |
Georges Van Der Poele Belgium |
Louis de Champsavin France |
High jump |
Dominique Gardères France Gian Giorgio Trissino |
none awarded | Georges Van Der Poele Belgium |
Long jump |
Constant van Langhendonck Belgium |
Gian Giorgio Trissino Italy |
[7] France |
Hacks and hunter |
Louis Napoléon Murat France |
Victor Archenoul France |
Robert de Montesquiou-Fézensac France |
Mail coach |
Georges Nagelmackers Belgium |
Léon Thome France |
Jean de Neuflize France |
Fencing[]
Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
---|---|---|---|
Épée |
Ramón Fonst Cuba |
Louis Perrée France |
Léon Sée France |
Masters épée |
Albert Robert Ayat France |
Émile Bougnol France |
Henri Laurent France |
Amateurs-masters épée |
Albert Robert Ayat France |
Ramón Fonst Cuba |
Léon Sée France |
Foil |
Émile Coste France |
Henri Masson France |
Marcel Boulenger France |
Masters foil |
Lucien Mérignac France |
Alphonse Kirchhoffer France |
Jean-Baptiste Mimiague France |
Sabre |
Georges de la Falaise France |
Léon Thiébaut France |
Siegfried Flesch Austria |
Masters sabre |
Antonio Conte Italy |
Italo Santelli Italy |
Milan Neralić Austria |
Football[]
Gold | Silver | Bronze |
---|---|---|
Great Britain (GBR)[8] James Jones Claude Buckenham William Gosling Alfred Chalk T. E. Burridge William Quash Richard Turner F. G. Spackman John Nicholas Jack Zealley Henry Haslam |
France (FRA)[9] Pierre Allemane Louis Bach Alfred Bloch Fernand Canelle Duparc Eugène Fraysse Virgile Gaillard Georges Garnier René Grandjean Lucien Huteau Marcel Lambert Maurice Macaine Gaston Peltier |
Mixed team (ZZX)[10][11] Albert Delbecque Hendrik van Heuckelum (NED) Raul Kelecom Marcel Leboutte Lucien Londot Ernest Moreau de Melen Edmond Neefs Gustave Pelgrims Alphonse Renier Hilaire Spanoghe Eric Thornton (GBR) |
Golf[]
Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
---|---|---|---|
Men's |
Charles Sands United States |
Walter Rutherford Great Britain |
David Robertson Great Britain |
Women's |
Margaret Abbott United States |
Pauline Whittier United States |
Daria Pratt United States |
Gymnastics[]
Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
---|---|---|---|
All around |
Gustave Sandras France |
Noël Bas France |
Lucien Démanet France |
Polo[]
Gold | Silver | Bronze | Bronze |
---|---|---|---|
Mixed team (ZZX)[12]
John Beresford (GBR) |
Mixed team (ZZX)[13]
Walter Buckmaster (GBR) |
Mixed team (ZZX)[14]
Robert Fournier-Sarlovèze (FRA) |
Mixed team (ZZX)[16]
Eustaquio de Escandón (MEX) |
Rowing[]
Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
---|---|---|---|
Single sculls |
Hermann Barrelet (FRA) | André Gaudin (FRA) | Saint-George Ashe (GBR) |
Coxed pair |
Mixed team (ZZX)[19] François Brandt Roelof Klein Hermanus Brockmann unknown boy[20] (FRA) |
France (FRA) Lucien Martinet Waleff unknown cox |
France (FRA) Carlos Deltour Antoine Védrenne Raoul Paoli |
Coxed four Final 1[21] |
France (FRA) Henri Bouckaert Jean Cau Émile Delchambre Henri Hazebrouck Charlot |
France (FRA) Georges Lumpp Charles Perrin Daniel Soubeyran Émile Wegelin unknown cox |
Germany (GER) Wilhelm Carstens Julius Körner Adolf Möller Hugo Rüster Gustav Moths[22] Max Ammermann |
Coxed four Final 2 |
Germany (GER) Germania Ruder Club, Hamburg Gustav Goßler Oskar Goßler Walter Katzenstein Waldemar Tietgens Carl Goßler |
Netherlands (NED) Coenraad Hiebendaal Geert Lotsij Paul Lotsij Johannes Terwogt Hermanus Brockmann |
Germany (GER) Ludwigshafener Ruderverein Ernst Felle Otto Fickeisen Carl Lehle Hermann Wilker Franz Kröwerath |
Eight |
United States (USA) Vesper Boat Club William Carr Harry DeBaecke John Exley John Geiger Edwin Hedley James Juvenal Roscoe Lockwood Edward Marsh Louis Abell |
Belgium (BEL) Royal Club Nautique de Gand Jules De Bisschop Prosper Bruggeman Oscar Dessomville Oscar De Cock Maurice Hemelsoet Marcel Van Crombrugge Frank Odberg Maurice Verdonck Alfred Van Landeghem |
Netherlands (NED) François Brandt Johannes van Dijk Roelof Klein Ruurd Leegstra Walter Middelberg Hendrik Offerhaus Walter Thijssen Henricus Tromp Hermanus Brockmann |
Rugby union[]
Gold | Silver |
---|---|
Mixed team (ZZX)[23] Alexandre Pharamond Frantz Reichel Jean Collas Constantin Henriquez (HAI) Auguste Giroux André Rischmann Léon Binoche Charles Gondouin André Roosevelt (USA) Hubert Lefèbvre Émile Sarrade Wladimir Aïtoff Joseph Olivier Jean-Guy Gauthier A. Albert Victor Larchandet Jean Hervé |
Germany (GER)[24] Hermann Kreuzer Arnold Landvoigt Heinrich Reitz Jacob Herrmann Erich Ludwig Hugo Betting August Schmierer Fritz Muller Adolf Stockhausen Hans Latscha Willy Hofmeister Georg Wenderoth Eduard Poppe Richard Ludwig Albert Amrhein |
Great Britain (GBR)[25] F. C. Bayliss |
Sailing[]
The data below notes all races and medalists of the regattas of the Games of the second Olympiad, as well as of the Exposition Universelle and counts all winners as medalists, because the IOC website currently affirms a total of 95 medal events in the Games.[26]
Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
---|---|---|---|
Open class |
Great Britain (GBR) Lorne Currie John Gretton Linton Hope Algernon Maudslay |
Germany (GER) Paul Wiesner Georg Naue Heinrich Peters Ottokar Weise |
France (FRA) Émile Michelet |
0 to .5 ton Race 1 |
France (FRA) Pierre Gervais |
France (FRA) Texier (helmsman) Texier (crew) Jean-Baptiste Charcot Robert Linzeler |
France (FRA) Henri Monnot Léon Tellier Gaston Cailleux |
0 to .5 ton Race 2 [a] |
France (FRA) Émile Sacré |
France (FRA) Texier (helmsman) Texier (crew) Jean-Baptiste Charcot Robert Linzeler |
France (FRA) Pierre Gervais |
.5 to 1 ton Race 1 |
Great Britain (GBR) Lorne Currie John Gretton Linton Hope Algernon Maudslay |
France (FRA) Jules Valton Félix Marcotte William Martin Jacques Baudrier Jean Le Bret |
France (FRA) Émile Michelet Marcel Meran |
.5 to 1 ton Race 2 [b] |
France (FRA) Louis Auguste-Dormeuil |
France (FRA) Émile Michelet Marcel Meran |
France (FRA) Jules Valton Félix Marcotte William Martin Jacques Baudrier Jean Le Bret |
1 to 2 ton Race 1 |
Switzerland (SUI) Hermann de Pourtalès Hélène de Pourtalès Bernard de Pourtalès |
France (FRA) François Vilamitjana Auguste Albert Albert Duval Charles Hugo |
France (FRA) Jacques Baudrier Lucien Baudrier Dubosq Édouard Mantois |
1 to 2 ton Race 2 [a] |
Germany (GER) Paul Wiesner Georg Naue Heinrich Peters Ottokar Weise |
Switzerland (SUI) Hermann de Pourtalès Hélène de Pourtalès Bernard de Pourtalès |
France (FRA) François Vilamitjana Auguste Albert Albert Duval Charles Hugo |
2 to 3 ton Race 1 |
Mixed team (ZZX) William Exshaw (GBR) Frédéric Blanchy (FRA) Jacques Le Lavasseur (FRA) |
France (FRA) Léon Susse Jacques Doucet Auguste Godinet Henri Mialaret |
France (FRA) Ferdinand Schlatter de Cottignon Émile Jean-Fontaine |
2 to 3 ton Race 2 [a] |
Mixed team (ZZX) William Exshaw (GBR) Frédéric Blanchy (FRA) Jacques Le Lavasseur (FRA) |
France (FRA) Léon Susse Jacques Doucet Auguste Godinet Henri Mialaret |
France (FRA) Auguste Donny |
3 to 10 ton Race 1 [b] |
France (FRA) Henri Gilardoni |
Netherlands (NED) Henri Smulders Chris Hooykaas Arie van der Velden |
France (FRA) Maurice Gufflet A. Dubois J. Dubois Robert Gufflet Charles Guiraist |
3 to 10 ton Race 2 |
Great Britain (GBR) Howard Taylor Edward Hore Harry Jefferson |
France (FRA) Maurice Gufflet A. Dubois J. Dubois Robert Gufflet Charles Guiraist |
United States (USA) H. MacHenry |
10 to 20 ton |
France (FRA) Émile Billard Paul Perquer |
France (FRA) Jean, duc Decazes |
Great Britain (GBR) Edward Hore |
20+ ton |
Great Britain (GBR) Cecil Quentin |
Great Britain (GBR) Selwin Calverley |
United States (USA) Harry Van Bergen |
- ^ a b c The second race in this class is also recognized by the IOC. Thus, for this event, two gold, two silver, and two bronze medals were retrospectively awarded.
- ^ a b This race in this class is not shown in the IOC database as an Olympic medal event. However, the IOC website currently has affirmed a total of 95 medal events, after accepting, as it appears, the recommendation of Olympic historian Bill Mallon for events that should be considered "Olympic". These events include the other two sailing races.[26][27]
Shooting[]
Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
---|---|---|---|
50 metre free pistol, individual |
Karl Röderer Switzerland |
Achille Paroche France |
Konrad Stäheli Switzerland |
50 metre free pistol, team |
Switzerland (SUI) Friedrich Lüthi Paul Probst Louis Richardet Karl Röderer Konrad Stäheli |
France (FRA) Louis Duffoy Maurice Lecoq Léon Moreaux Achille Paroche Jules Trinité |
Netherlands (NED) Solko van den Bergh Antonius Bouwens Dirk Boest Gips Henrik Sillem Anthony Sweijs |
300 metre free rifle, standing |
Lars Jørgen Madsen Denmark |
Ole Østmo Norway |
Charles Paumier Belgium |
300 metre free rifle, kneeling |
Konrad Stäheli Switzerland |
Emil Kellenberger Switzerland Anders Peter Nielsen |
None awarded |
300 metre free rifle, prone |
Achille Paroche France |
Anders Peter Nielsen Denmark |
Ole Østmo Norway |
300 metre free rifle, 3 positions |
Emil Kellenberger Switzerland |
Anders Peter Nielsen Denmark |
Paul van Asbroeck Belgium Ole Østmo |
300 metre free rifle, team |
Switzerland (SUI) Franz Böckli Alfred Grütter Emil Kellenberger Louis Richardet Konrad Stäheli |
Norway (NOR) Olaf Frydenlund Hellmer Hermandsen Ole Østmo Ole Sæther Tom Seeberg |
France (FRA) Auguste Cavadini Maurice Lecoq Léon Moreaux Achille Paroche René Thomas |
Trap shooting |
Roger de Barbarin France |
René Guyot[28] Belgium |
Justinien de Clary France |
Swimming[]
Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
---|---|---|---|
200 m freestyle |
Frederick Lane Australia |
Zoltán Halmay Hungary |
Karl Ruberl Austria |
1000 m freestyle |
John Arthur Jarvis Great Britain |
Otto Wahle Austria |
Zoltán Halmay Hungary |
4000 m freestyle |
John Arthur Jarvis Great Britain |
Zoltán Halmay Hungary |
Louis Martin France |
200 m backstroke |
Ernst Hoppenberg Germany |
Karl Ruberl Austria |
Johannes Drost Netherlands |
200 m team swimming |
Germany (GER)[29] Ernst Hoppenberg Max Hainle Gustav Lexau Herbert von Petersdorff |
France (FRA) Tritons Lillois Maurice Hochepied Victor Hochepied Joseph Bertrand Verbecke Victor Cadet |
France (FRA) Pupilles de Neptune de Lille René Tartara Louis Martin Désiré Merchez Georges Leuillieux Philippe Houben[30] |
200 m obstacle event |
Frederick Lane Australia |
Otto Wahle Austria |
Peter Kemp Great Britain |
Underwater swimming |
Charles Devendeville France |
André Six France |
Peder Lykkeberg Denmark |
Tennis[]
Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
---|---|---|---|
Men's singles |
Laurence Doherty Great Britain |
Harold Mahony Great Britain |
Reginald Doherty Great Britain |
Arthur Norris Great Britain | |||
Women's singles |
Charlotte Cooper Great Britain |
Hélène Prévost France |
Marion Jones United States |
Hedwiga Rosenbaumová Bohemia | |||
Men's doubles |
Laurence Doherty and Reginald Doherty (GBR) |
Mixed team (ZZX) Max Décugis (FRA) Basil Spalding de Garmendia (USA) |
Harold Mahony and Arthur Norris (GBR) |
André Prévost and Guy de la Chapelle (FRA) | |||
Mixed doubles |
Charlotte Cooper and Reginald Doherty (GBR) |
Mixed team (ZZX) Hélène Prévost (FRA) Harold Mahony (GBR) |
Mixed team (ZZX) Marion Jones (USA) Laurence Doherty (GBR) |
Mixed team (ZZX) Archibald Warden (GBR) Hedwiga Rosenbaumová (BOH) |
Tug of war[]
Gold | Silver |
---|---|
Mixed team (ZZX) Edgar Aabye (DEN) August Nilsson (SWE) Eugen Schmidt (DEN) Gustaf Söderström (SWE) Karl Staaf (SWE) Charles Winckler (DEN) |
Mixed team (ZZX)[31] Raymond Basset Jean Collas Charles Gondouin Joseph Roffo Émile Sarrade Francisco Henríquez de Zubiría (COL) |
Water polo[]
Gold | Silver | Bronze |
---|---|---|
Mixed team (ZZX) (Osborne Swimming Club of Manchester)[32] Thomas Coe Robert Crawshaw William Henry John Arthur Jarvis Peter Kemp Victor Lindberg () Frederick Stapleton |
Belgium (BEL) (Brussels Swimming and Water Polo Club) Jean de Backer Victor de Behr Henri Cohen Fernand Feyaerts Oscar Grégoire Albert Michant Georges Romas Guillaume Séron Victor Sonnemans A. R. Upton |
Mixed team (ZZX) (Libellule de Paris)[32] Bill Burgess (GBR) Jules Clévenot Alphonse Decuyper Louis Laufray Henri Peslier Paul Vasseur |
France (FRA) (Pupilles de Neptune de Lille)[32] Eugène Coulon Louis Marc Louis Martin Désiré Mérchez |
See also[]
References[]
- ^ Mallon, Bill (1998). The 1900 Olympic Games, Results for All Competitors in All Events, with Commentary. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company, Inc., Publishers. ISBN 0-7864-0378-0.
- ^ Michel Théato was originally assumed to be French, before it was discovered that his nationality was Luxembourgish. In the past, the IOC had attributed Théato's medal to France. The IOC website now recognizes Luxembourg.
- ^ "Paris 1900 - Medal Table". Olympics.com. International Olympic Committee. Select "Paris 1900", select "Go to medal table" to arrive at "Paris 1900 Medal Table"
- ^ "Paris 1900 Basque Pelota Results". Olympics.com. Retrieved 5 September 2021.
- ^ "Paris 1900 Cricket Results". Olympics.com. Retrieved 7 September 2021.
- ^ "Cycling at the 1900 Paris Summer Games: Men's Points Race". sports-reference.com. Archived from the original on 18 April 2020. Retrieved 20 October 2012.
- ^ "Paris 1900 Equestrian Jumping Individual Mixed Results". Olympics.com. Retrieved 5 September 2021.
- ^ Represented by Upton Park F.C.
- ^ Represented by Club Française
- ^ "Paris 1900 Football Results". Olympics.com. Retrieved 7 September 2021.
- ^ Represented by Université de Bruxelles
- ^ Represented by Foxhunters Hurlingham
- ^ Represented by BLO Polo Club Rugby
- ^ Represented by Bagatelle Polo Club de Paris
- ^ Raoul-Duval played on two different teams.
- ^ Represented by Mexico National Polo Team
- ^ "William Hayden Wright". Olympedia. Retrieved 27 December 2020.
- ^ "PARIS 1900 POLO MEN RESULTS". Olympics.com. Retrieved 2 August 2021.
- ^ "Paris 1900 Rowing Results". Olympics.com. Retrieved 7 September 2021.
- ^ Brockmann was the coxswain for the Dutch team in the semifinal, but not in the final. He is considered a gold medallist by the IOC and is listed in that organization's medal database.
- ^ Due to wrangling about who would be allowed to compete in the coxed four final, two finals were held for that competition. Both finals are considered Olympic championships by the International Olympic Committee.
- ^ The German team changed the coxswain after the semi-final. Gustav Moths participated only in the semi-final and Max Ammermann participated in the final. However, the IOC medal database credits the bronze medal only to Gustav Moths.
- ^ "Paris 1900 Rugby Men Results". Olympics.com. Retrieved 6 September 2021.
- ^ Represented by SC 1880 Frankfurt
- ^ Represented by Moseley Wanderers
- ^ a b "Paris 1900". International Olympic Committee. Archived from the original on 2 October 2017. Retrieved 2 October 2017.
- ^ Mallon, Bill (1998). The 1900 Olympic Games, Results for All Competitors in All Events, with Commentary. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company, Inc. ISBN 978-0-7864-4064-1.
- ^ "Trap shooting". Olympics.com. Retrieved 6 September 2021.
- ^ "Men's 200 metre team swimming". Olympics.com. Retrieved 12 September 2021.
- ^ Houben did not actually compete; however, he is listed in the IOC's medal database as part of the Neptune team.
- ^ "Paris 1900 Tug of War Men Results". Olympics.com. Retrieved 7 September 2021.
- ^ a b c "Paris 1900 Water Polo Results". Olympics.com. Retrieved 7 September 2021.
External links[]
- "Paris 1900". Olympics.com. International Olympic Committee.
- 1900 Summer Olympics
- Lists of Summer Olympic medalists by year
- Medalists at the 1900 Summer Olympics