List of Aramean kings

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Arameans
Syro-Hittite states
Aramean kings
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Not to be confused with Armenian kings.

Aramean kings were kings of the ancient Arameans, and rulers of various Aramean states that existed throughout the Levant and Mesopotamia during the 14th and 13th centuries BC, before being absorbed by various other empires such as the Neo-Assyrian Empire, Neo-Babylonian Empire and the Achaemenid Empire.[1][2]

Kings[]

King Hazael of Aram-Damascus

Aramean kings are known from various inscriptions, and some are also mentioned in the Hebrew Bible.

Aram-Damascus[3][]

Name Reign Notes
Rezin ca. 960
Hezion ca. 960 son of Rezin
Tabrimmon ca. 930 son of Hezion
Ben-Hadad I ca. 960 son of Tob-Rimmon
Ben-Hadad II ca. 930 son of Ben-Hadad I
Ben-Hadad III ca. 900 son of Ben-Hadad II
Hazael I 895 - 854 usurper
Ben-Hadad III 854 - 842 son of Hazael I, Aramaic Bir-Hadad, Assyrian Adad-idri
Hazael 842 - 824 son of a nobody, but not an usurper
Mari 824 - 790 son of Hazael II?
Hadyan II ca. 775? - mid 8th century Assyrian Hadiiani
Azriau 750 - 740 Hebrew Azar-Yao/Rezin
Raqianu 740 - 727 Assyrian Rahianu

Bit-Agusi[4][]

Name Reign Notes
Gusi ca. 870 Dynasty founder
Hadram ca. 860 - 830 son of Gusi (Arame)
Attar-šumki I ca. 830 - 800/ 805 - 796[5] son of Hadram, synonym Bar-Guš[5]
Bar-Hadad ca. 800 son of Attar-šumki I, reign unclear
Attar-šumki II 1st half 8th century son of Bar-Hadad
Mati-Ilu mid 8th century son of Attar-šumki II

Bit-Gabbari (Sam'al)[]

King Bar Rakib on his throne, before him stands a scribe Bit Gabbari
A stele of the Aramean king Bar-Rakib
King Panamuwa standing in front of Mesopotamian deities
Name Reign Notes
Gabbar ca 920[6]/ca. 900 - 880 Dynasty founder
Bamah ca. 880 - 865 son of Gabbar
Hayya ca. 865-840[7] son of Bamah
Ša-il ca. 840 - 830 son of Hayya
Kilamuwa ca. 830 - 820[7] brother of Ša-il
Qarli ca. 820 - 740 son of Ahabbu?, he unified Sam'al and Y'DY
Panamuwa I ca. 790 - 750 son of Qarli, synonym Panammu[8]
Bar-Sur ca. 750 son of Panamuwa I
Panamuwa II ca. 743[9] - 727 son of Bar-Sur, synonym Panammu[8]
Bar-Rakib 727[10] - 713/711[11] son of Panamuwa II

Kasku[12][]

Name Reign Notes
Bar-Ga'ya mid 8th century Possibly an Assyrian high official

Aram-Zobah[13][]

Name Reign Notes
Hadadezer at the time of Saul and David of Israel

Bit Bahiani [13][]

Name Reign Notes
Bahianu - -
Abisalmu - -
Kapara 950-875 BC He built a monumental palace in Neo-Hittite style discovered by Max von Oppenheim in 1911, with a rich decoration of statues and relief orthostats

Hamath[13][]

Name Reign Notes
T'oi - -
Hadoram - -
Paratas - -
Irhuleni 853 BC He led a coalition against the Assyrian expansion under Shalmaneser III, alongside Hadadezer of Damascus.[14]
Uratamis - -
Zakkur - -
Eni-Ilu - -
Yaub'di - -

Aram-Naharaim[13][]

Name Reign Notes
Cushan-rishathaim 1250 BC He was king of Aram-Naharaim, or Northwest Mesopotamia, and the first oppressor of the Israelites after their settlement in Canaan.

Bit-Zamani[13][]

Name Reign Notes
900 - 879 BC He was king of [[Bit-Zamani], or Northwest Mesopotamia known for his rivals against Tukulti-Ninurta II.
879 - 866 Successor of Ammi-Ba'al
879 - 866 BC Successor and brother of Bur-Ramman

Bit-Adini[13][]

Name Reign Notes
883 - 876 BC He was the first king of Bit-Adini[15]
876 - 858 BC Successor and descent of and defeated by [[Assurnasirpal II][16]

See also[]

References[]

  1. ^ Lipiński 2000.
  2. ^ Younger 2016.
  3. ^ Bryce (2012), pp. 175–178, 309.
  4. ^ Bryce (2012), pp. 165–168, 308.
  5. ^ Jump up to: a b Leick (2002), p. 33.
  6. ^ Leick (2002), p. 60.
  7. ^ Jump up to: a b Leick (2002), p. 92.
  8. ^ Jump up to: a b Leick (2002), p. 128.
  9. ^ Alessandra Gilibert: Syro-Hittite Monumental Art and the Archaeology of Performance. Berlin 2011, p. 135.
  10. ^ Alessandra Gilibert: Syro-Hittite Monumental Art and the Archaeology of Performance. Berlin 2011, p. 135.
  11. ^ Leick (2002), p. 38.
  12. ^ Bryce (2012), p. 179.
  13. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Bryce (2012), pp. 179–180.
  14. ^ Luis Robert Siddall, The Reign of Adad-nīrārī III: An Historical and Ideological Analysis of An Assyrian King and His Times. BRILL, 2013 ISBN 9004256148 p.37
  15. ^ "Kingdoms of Syria - Bit Adini".
  16. ^ "Kingdoms of Syria - Bit Adini".

Sources[]

External links[]

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