List of Atlantic–Pacific crossover hurricanes

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Tracks of storms with a complete crossover

An Atlantic–Pacific crossover hurricane is a tropical cyclone that develops in the Atlantic Ocean and moves into the Pacific Ocean, or vice versa. Since reliable records began in 1851, a total of eighteen crossover tropical cyclones have been recorded. It is more common for the remnants of a North Atlantic hurricane to redevelop into a different storm in the Pacific; in such a scenario, they are not considered the same system.[1]

Storms[]

Note: Information is mostly provided by the Atlantic best track.[1]

Listed in chronological order[]

Name Year Formation Dissipation Min. Pressure Max. Winds Direction
Unnamed 1842 October[2] October[2] Unknown Unknown Pacific→Atlantic
Unnamed 1876 September 29 October 5 Unknown 105 mph (169 km/h) Atlantic→Pacific
Unnamed 1902 October 3 October 11 970 mbar (28.64 inHg) 105 mph (169 km/h) Pacific→Atlantic
Unnamed 1911 September 3 September 12 990 mbar (29.23 inHg) 100 mph (161 km/h) Atlantic→Pacific
Unnamed 1923 October 12 October 17 983 mbar (29.03 inHg) 80 mph (129 km/h) Pacific→Atlantic
Unnamed 1945 October 2 October 7 982 mbar (29.00 inHg) 90 mph (145 km/h) Atlantic→Pacific
Unnamed 1949 September 27 October 5 965 mbar (28.50 inHg) 110 mph (177 km/h) Pacific→Atlantic
Irene–Olivia 1971 September 11 September 30 948 mbar (27.99 inHg) 115 mph (185 km/h) Atlantic→Pacific
Fifi–Orlene 1974 September 14 September 24 971 mbar (28.67 inHg) 110 mph (177 km/h) Atlantic→Pacific
Anita 1977 August 29 September 4 926 mbar (27.34 inHg) 175 mph (282 km/h) Atlantic→Pacific
Greta–Olivia 1978 September 13 September 23 947 mbar (27.96 inHg) 130 mph (209 km/h) Atlantic→Pacific
Debby 1988 August 31 September 8 987 mbar (29.15 inHg) 75 mph (121 km/h) Atlantic→Pacific
Joan–Miriam 1988 October 10 November 2 932 mbar (27.52 inHg) 145 mph (233 km/h) Atlantic→Pacific
Diana 1990 August 4 August 9 980 mbar (28.94 inHg) 100 mph (161 km/h) Atlantic→Pacific
Gert 1993 September 14 September 26 970 mbar (28.64 inHg) 105 mph (169 km/h) Atlantic→Pacific
Cesar–Douglas 1996 July 24 August 6 946 mbar (27.94 inHg) 130 mph (209 km/h) Atlantic→Pacific
Dolly 1996 August 19 August 25 980 mbar (28.94 inHg) 100 mph (161 km/h) Atlantic→Pacific
Hermine 2010 September 3 September 9 989 mbar (29.21 inHg) 70 mph (113 km/h) Pacific→Atlantic
Otto 2016 November 20 November 26 975 mbar (28.79 inHg) 115 mph (185 km/h) Atlantic→Pacific

Other storms[]

There were several other tropical cyclones that formed in one basin, dissipated, and re-developed, however, they were not recognized as an Atlantic-Pacific crossover hurricane. In chronological order from earliest to most recent, they are:

  • The remnants of Hurricane Janet in 1955 later led to the formation of an unnamed tropical storm in the East Pacific on October 1;[3] the newly generated tropical cyclone later brought rains to the southwestern United States.[4]
  • In 1969, Hurricane Francelia hit southern Belize, then known as British Honduras, weakening quickly over land and dissipating over Guatemala. The system continued slowly across Central America, crossing into the eastern Pacific Ocean three days after it moved ashore. Its remnants eventually redeveloped into Tropical Storm Glenda off the coast of Mexico.[5][6]
  • Tropical Storm Chloe in 1971 made landfall in the Yucatán Peninsula and dissipated soon after. Its remnants continued into the Eastern Pacific and developed into Hurricane Lily, which made landfall in southwest Mexico.[7]
  • Also in 1971, Tropical Storm Laura made landfall in Belize and dissipated in Guatemala. Its remnants continued into the Eastern Pacific and developed into Tropical Storm Sharon.[8]
  • In 1978, Tropical Storm Bess went southward, affecting Mexico. Its remnants crossed into the Pacific Ocean, where it regenerated into Hurricane Iva.[9]
  • Later in 1978, Hurricane Cora's remnants crossed over Central America into the Pacific Ocean, where it reintensified, becoming Hurricane Kristy.[9]
  • Hurricane Cosme in 1989 crossed from the Pacific, and its low-level circulation dissipated over northern Mexico. Its remnants merged with another tropical wave and contributed to the development of Tropical Storm Allison in the Atlantic.[10]
  • Operationally, it was considered that Tropical Storm Bret, from 1993, retained its circulation and was designated Tropical Depression Eight-E upon reaching the Pacific, later becoming Hurricane Greg, but post-storm analysis determined that Bret actually dissipated over western Nicaragua.[11]
  • Tropical Depression Nine in 2001 made landfall in Nicaragua and degenerated into a tropical wave. The wave later regenerated into a tropical depression that became Hurricane Juliette.[12]
  • Hurricane Iris's remnants, of 2001, in the Atlantic Ocean triggered the formation of Tropical Storm Manuel in the Pacific.[13]
  • Tropical Storm Earl in 2004 dissipated in the southeast Caribbean Sea, but its remnants regenerated into Hurricane Frank in the East Pacific.[14]
  • Tropical Storm Alma of 2008 formed off of the West Coast of Costa Rica, and made landfall in Nicaragua with sustained wind speeds up to 100 kilometres per hour (62 mph). The low-level circulation center of the storm soon dissipated. A day later, the storm's remnants regenerated on Nicaragua's east coast into Tropical Storm Arthur, after encountering a pair of two tropical waves, with sustained winds of 75 km/h (47 mph), and again made landfall in Nicaragua. It is not considered as crossover storm, as the original low-level circulation center had dissipated, and since the system also merged with another tropical wave prior to regeneration.[15][16]
  • Hurricane Ernesto of 2012 developed near the Lesser Antilles. The system weakened to a low-pressure area in Mexico, and its remnants moved into the eastern Pacific and developed into Tropical Storm Hector.[17][18]
  • Hurricane Barbara of 2013 made landfall in southwest Mexico and dissipated before reaching the Gulf of Mexico. The remnants of Barbara and a cyclonic gyre led to the formation of a broad area of low pressure, which later became Tropical Storm Andrea over the central Gulf of Mexico.[19]
  • Tropical Storm Trudy of 2014 formed in the eastern Pacific and made landfall in southern Mexico, its remnants emerged into the Bay of Campeche and subsequently developed into Tropical Storm Hanna in the Atlantic.[20]
  • The remnant moisture from Hurricane Earl of 2016 interacted with a disturbance on the Pacific coast of Mexico, which contributed to the formation of Tropical Storm Javier in the eastern Pacific.[21]
  • The remnants of Tropical Storm Bret of 2017 traversed over Central America and emerged into the eastern Pacific, which led to the formation of Hurricane Dora.[22]
  • Also in 2017, Hurricane Franklin made landfall in the Mexican state of Veracruz; its remnants moved across Mexico during the following day and emerged into the eastern Pacific, later developing into Tropical Storm Jova.[23]
  • Later that year, Hurricane Katia made landfall in Mexico and was then downgraded to a remnant low; its remnants crossed into the Pacific Ocean, where it regenerated into Hurricane Otis.[24]
  • Tropical Storm Amanda of 2020 made landfall in southeastern Guatemala, rapidly weakened, and the storm's low-level circulation center dissipated. However, its remnant low-pressure area and mid-level circulation continued northward and eventually regenerated into Tropical Storm Cristobal in the Bay of Campeche.[25][26]
  • Hurricane Nana of 2020 made landfall in Belize, weakened, and the storm's low-level circulation center dissipated over Guatemala. After its mid-level circulation emerged into the Pacific, contrary to expectations, it developed a new surface low and regenerated into Tropical Storm Julio.[27][28]
  • Hurricane Grace in 2021 made landfall in Mexico as a strong Category 3 hurricane, and the system's low-level circulation center soon dissipated. Its mid-level remnants emerged into the Eastern Pacific and redeveloped into Tropical Storm Marty.[29][30]

Naming conventions[]

Main article: History of tropical cyclone naming

Prior to 2000, storms were renamed after crossing from the Gulf of Mexico into the Eastern Pacific. At the 22nd hurricane committee in 2000 it was decided that tropical cyclones that moved from the Atlantic to the Eastern Pacific basin and vice versa would no longer be renamed.[31] Hurricane Otto in 2016 was the first storm to cross from one basin to another to apply under this rule.

See also[]

References[]

  1. ^ a b "Atlantic hurricane best track (HURDAT version 2)" (Database). National Hurricane Center. February 9, 2022. Retrieved March 11, 2022.
  2. ^ a b Stephen S. Visher (1922). "Tropical Cyclones in the Northeast Pacific, Between Hawaii and Mexico" (PDF). Monthly Weather Review. 50 (6): 295–97. Bibcode:1922MWRv...50..295V. doi:10.1175/1520-0493(1922)50<295:TCITNP>2.0.CO;2. Retrieved 2009-06-12.
  3. ^ United States Department of Commerce (1955). "Bulletins and Advisories Issued by Weather Bureau Airport Station, San Juan, Puerto Rico, Weather Bureau Office, Miami, Florida, and Weather Bureau Office, New Orleans, Louisiana on Hurricane "Janet"" (PDF). United States Weather Bureau. Retrieved April 28, 2013.
  4. ^ "The Effects of Tropical Cyclones on the Southwestern United States" (PDF). NOAA Technical Memorandum. National Weather Service Western Region. August 1986. Retrieved July 1, 2013.
  5. ^ National Hurricane Center; Hurricane Research Division; Central Pacific Hurricane Center (2013-04-05). "The Northeast and North Central Pacific hurricane database 1949-2012" (TXT). United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service. Retrieved 2013-12-23.
  6. ^ National Hurricane Center (1969-09-04). "Tropical Cyclone Discussion: Hurricane Francelia" (JPG). Retrieved 2010-10-28.
  7. ^ R. H. Simpson; John R. Hope (April 1972). "Atlantic Hurricane Season of 1971" (PDF). Monthly Weather Review. 100 (4): 256–267. Bibcode:1972MWRv..100..256S. doi:10.1175/1520-0493(1972)100<0256:AHSO>2.3.CO;2. Retrieved 27 January 2007.
  8. ^ Stephen, Caparotta; Walston, D; Young, Steven; Padgett, Gary; Delgado, Sandy. "What tropical storms and hurricanes have moved from the Atlantic to the Northeast Pacific or vice versa?". NOAA. NOAA. Retrieved March 29, 2016.
  9. ^ a b Neil L. Frank and Gilbert B. Clark (August 1979). Atlantic Tropical Systems of 1978. National Hurricane Center (Report). Miami, Florida: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved June 3, 2014.
  10. ^ Case, Robert (16 August 1989). "Tropical Storm Allison Preliminary Report, Page 1". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 24 March 2011.
  11. ^ Pasch, Richard (November 28, 1993). "Hurricane Greg Preliminary Report". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved August 11, 2015.
  12. ^ Miles B. Lawrence and Michelle M. Mainelli (November 30, 2001). "Hurricane Juliette Tropical Cyclone Report". National Hurricane Center. Archived from the original on October 6, 2008. Retrieved June 28, 2009.
  13. ^ James L. Franklin (2001-10-31). "Tropical Storm Manuel Tropical Cyclone Report" (PDF). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2008-10-20.
  14. ^ Miles B. Lawrence (August 23, 2004). Tropical Depression Eight-E Discussion Number 1 (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved January 13, 2012.
  15. ^ Eric Blake (2008). "Tropical Storm Arthur: Tropical Cyclone Report" (PDF). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2008-07-29.
  16. ^ Avila/Rhome (2008). "Tropical Storm Arthur Special Discussion One". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2008-05-31.
  17. ^ Avila, Lixion (August 10, 2012). Tropical Weather Outlook (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved August 10, 2012.
  18. ^ Lixion Avila (August 11, 2012). "Tropical Depression Eight-E Public Advisory Number 1". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved August 11, 2012.
  19. ^ John L. Beven II (August 22, 2013). Tropical Cyclone Report: Tropical Storm Andrea (PDF) (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved September 7, 2013.
  20. ^ Daniel P. Brown (December 2, 2014). Tropical Cyclone Report: Tropical Storm Trudy (PDF) (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved July 19, 2021.
  21. ^ Daniel P. Brown (August 2, 2016). "Tropical Weather Outlook". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved August 8, 2016.
  22. ^ Robbie J. Berg (November 20, 2017). Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Dora (PDF) (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved November 22, 2017.
  23. ^ Eric Blake (August 12, 2017). "Tropical Storm Jova Discussion Number 1". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved August 12, 2017.
  24. ^ Eric S. Blake (September 5, 2017). Tropical Depression Thirteen Discussion Number 1 (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved February 22, 2018.
  25. ^ Berg, Robbie (September 10, 2020). Tropical Cyclone Report: Tropical Storm Amanda (PDF) (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved December 27, 2020.
  26. ^ Berg, Robbie (January 13, 2021). Tropical Cyclone Report: Tropical Storm Cristobal (PDF) (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved January 20, 2021.
  27. ^ Daniel P. Brown (December 7, 2020). Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Nana (PDF) (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved December 8, 2020.
  28. ^ Daniel P. Brown (January 21, 2021). Tropical Cyclone Report: Tropical Storm Julio (PDF) (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved March 9, 2021.
  29. ^ Richard Pasch (August 21, 2021). "Remnants Of Grace Discussion Number 34". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved August 23, 2021.
  30. ^ Daniel P. Brown (August 23, 2021). "Tropical Storm Marty Discussion Number 1". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved August 23, 2021.
  31. ^ RA IV Hurricane Committee (2000). RA IV Hurricane Committee 24th Session (PDF) (Final Report). p. 5. Archived from the original (PDF) on June 30, 2013. Retrieved April 17, 2015.
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