List of George Cross recipients
The George Cross and ribbon
The George Cross (GC) is the second highest award of the United Kingdom honours system. It is awarded for gallantry not "in the presence of the enemy" to both members of the British armed forces and to British civilians. It has always been able to be awarded posthumously. It was previously awarded to Commonwealth countries, most of which have established their own honours systems and no longer recommend British honours. It may be awarded to a person of any military rank in any service and to civilians including police, emergency services and merchant seamen. Many of the awards have been personally presented by the British monarch to recipients and in the case of posthumous awards to next of kin. These investitures are usually held at Buckingham Palace.[1]
Initially, the Empire Gallantry Medal recognised acts of the highest bravery but was never considered equal to that of the Victoria Cross. The George Cross succeeded the Empire Gallantry Medal and all those living that had been awarded the medal, and all posthumous awards from the outbreak of World War II, were obliged to exchange their medal for the George Cross. In 1971, the living recipients of either the Albert Medal or Edward Medal, that respectively recognised the saving of life and acts of bravery following industrial accidents, were invited to exchange their medals for the George Cross; 24 recipients elected not to exchange their medal.
Since the Second World War most Commonwealth realms have instituted their own honours systems with the second highest award being for gallantry not in the face of the enemy. In 1972, Canada created the Cross of Valour for Canadian citizens;[2] in 1975 Australia, inspired by Canada, created a similar award with the same name in the Australian Honours System, the Cross of Valour. Recipients of the Canadian and Australian awards both use the postnominal CV.[2][3] Unlike the GC within British honours, the majority of Canadian CV awards and all Australian CV awards have been to civilians. The Australian Government ceased recommendations for British awards in 1983 and the last two Australian state governments ceased recommendations in 1989. During the period when Australian states made recommendations for British awards, the Governor of Victoria recommended a GC which was granted. The award gazetted in 1978 was for 39 years the most recent award to a living civilian, until the award in 2017 to Dominic Troulan.[3] On 5 October 1992, the Australian Prime Minister announced that Australian governments would make no further recommendations for British honours with British awards to Australians after that date being treated as foreign awards. The Queen of New Zealand on the recommendation of the Governor-General of New Zealand has awarded the New Zealand Cross, instituted in 1999, once to two New Zealand citizens in 1999. The postnominal is NZC.[4]
There have been 407 George Cross awards, including two special awards, but no honorary awards. Some recipients serving in British forces were foreign born, including Albert Guérisse (Belgium), Violette Szabo (France), and Noor Inayat Khan (Russia). All three served within the Special Operations Executive during World War II. As of September 2021 there are 15 living recipients.[5]
Individual awards[]
This list contains all George Cross recipients including former recipients of the Empire Gallantry Medal, the Albert Medal or the Edward Medal who exchanged their earlier award for the George Cross.
The table defaults to sorting alphabetically by name. When sorting by the heading "Rank (or Role)", military ranks take precedence, followed by police ranks and then all civilian roles. Military ranks are sorted by the comparative rank of the recipient within the British Armed Forces, where the Royal Navy takes precedence, followed by the British Army and then Royal Air Force.
It is customary for Indian and Nepalese names to be written with the family name first, which is followed below unless their citation dictates otherwise.[6]
This along with an * (asterisk) indicates that the gazetted award was posthumous.
This along with ** indicates the individual is alive as of September 2021.[5]
| Name | Rank (or Role) | Organisation | Award | Date gazetted | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Edmund Geoffrey Abbott | Lieutenant | Royal Navy | AM | 3 December 1920[7] | —
|
| George Fawcett Pitts Abbott | Deck Hand | Royal Naval Reserve | AM | 12 December 1917[8] | —
|
| Inspector | River Traffic Police, Calcutta, Bengal | EGM | 1 February 1937[9][10] | —
| |
| Lance Sergeant | British Army | EGM | 4 August 1931[11] | —
| |
| Thomas Hopper Alderson | Detachment Leader | Air Raid Precautions | GC | 30 September 1940[12] | —
|
| Kaid | Transjordan Frontier Force | EGM | 3 January 1939[13] | —
| |
| Nurse | — |
AM | 19 November 1935[14] | —
| |
| Miner | Bentley Colliery Mine Rescue Team | EM | 30 September 1932[15] | —
| |
| Chief Engine Room Artificer First Class | Royal Navy | EGM | 8 June 1939[16] | —
| |
| Walter Anderson | Flying Officer | Royal Air Force | EGM | 12 April 1929[17] | —
|
| Second Lieutenant | British Army | EGM | 17 September 1940 | —
| |
| Mateen Ahmed Ansari | Captain (acting) | 7th Rajput Regiment | GC | 18 April 1946*[18] | —
|
| Bertram Stuart Trevelyan Archer | Lieutenant (acting) | Royal Engineers | GC | 30 September 1941[19] | —
|
| Robert Selby Armitage | Temporary Sub-Lieutenant | Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve | GC | 27 December 1940[20] | —
|
| Lieutenant | Royal Navy | AM | 2 August 1928 | —
| |
| Walter Arnold | Leading Aircraftman | Royal Air Force | EGM | 9 November 1928 | —
|
| Doreen Ashburnham-Ruffner | — |
— |
AM | 21 December 1917 | 
|
— |
— |
EGM | 1 February 1937[9][10] | —
| |
| Corporal | British Army | EGM | 25 July 1939 | —
| |
| Awang anak Raweng | Iban Tracker | Federation of Malaya | GC | 20 November 1951[21] | —
|
| John Axon | Driver | British Railways | GC | 7 May 1957*[22] | —
|
| John Herbert Babington | Temporary Sub-Lieutenant | Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve | GC | 27 December 1940[20] | —
|
| Eric George Bailey | Sergeant 3rd Class | New South Wales Police Force | GC | 29 October 1946*[23] | —
|
| Lieutenant | British Army | AM | 30 September 1927 | —
| |
| Trainee Coalminer | — |
EM | 22 November 1929 | —
| |
| Arthur Gerald Bagot | Sub-Lieutenant | Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve | AM | 20 August 1918 | —
|
| Sub-Inspector | Punjab Police | EGM | 1 January 1932 | —
| |
| Doctor | — |
EM | 16 April 1943 | —
| |
| John (Jack) Bamford** | Colliery worker | — |
GC | 16 December 1952[24] | —
|
| Arthur Banks | Sergeant | Desert Air Force | GC | 5 November 1946*[25] | |
| Herbert John Leslie Barefoot | Major (acting) | Royal Engineers | GC | 22 January 1941[26] | —
|
| Naik | Indian Army | EGM | 1 January 1938 | —
| |
| Lance Corporal | British Army | EGM | 27 November 1936 | —
| |
| Sergeant | Indian Army | EGM | 25 November 1930 | —
| |
| Colliery Agent | — |
EM | 17 April 1936 | —
| |
| Gordon Love Bastian | Senior Engineering Officer | merchant seaman | AM | 17 August 1943 | —
|
— |
— |
EM | 1 May 1942 | —
| |
| Trooper | Indian Army | EGM | 24 July 1931 | —
| |
— |
— |
EM | 17 April 1936 | —
| |
— |
— |
EGM | 3 May 1927 | —
| |
| James Wallace Beaton** | Inspector | Metropolitan Police Force | GC | 27 September 1974[27] | —
|
| John Archibald Beckett | Sergeant | Royal Air Force | GC | 16 December 1947*[28] | —
|
— |
— |
EGM | 20 December 1930 | —
| |
| Michael Paul Benner | Second Lieutenant | Royal Engineers | GC | 17 June 1958*[29] | —
|
| Sub-Inspector | Punjab Police | EGM | 1 January 1932 | —
| |
| Shri | — |
EGM | 19 June 1934 | —
| |
| Kenneth Alfred Biggs | Major (temporary) | Royal Army Ordnance Corps | GC | 11 October 1946[30] | —
|
| Private | British Army | EGM | 23 June 1936 | —
| |
— |
— |
EM | 21 November 1947 | —
| |
| Michael Floud Blaney | Captain (acting) | Royal Engineers | GC | 15 April 1941*[31] | —
|
| Henry George Blogg | Coxswain | Cromer Lifeboat | EGM | 30 June 1924 | 
|
| Theodore Bogdanovitch | Mulazim | Trans-Jordan Frontier Force | EGM | 30 June 1939 | —
|
— |
— |
EM | 4 February 1938 | —
| |
— |
— |
EM | 4 February 1938 | —
| |
| Major | Indian Army | EGM | 8 May 1934 | —
| |
| John Bridge | Lieutenant (temporary) | Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve | GC | 20 June 1944[32] | 
|
| David Broadfoot | Radio Officer | Merchant Navy – MV Princess Victoria | GC | 6 October 1953*[33] | —
|
| Francis Haffey Brooke-Smith | Sub-Lieutenant | Royal Naval Reserve | GC | 27 June 1941[34] | —
|
| Private | British Army | EGM | 19 November 1935 | —
| |
— |
— |
EM | 13 January 1948 | —
| |
| 2nd Lieutenant | British Army | AM | 4 January 1918 | —
| |
| Lieutenant | Royal Flying Corps | AM | 11 January 1918 | —
| |
| Mate | Royal Navy | AM | 27 April 1920 | —
| |
— |
— |
EGM | 3 June 1925 | —
| |
| Major | — |
EGM | 30 June 1924 | —
| |
| Arthur Richard Cecil Butson | Doctor | — |
AM | 28 September 1948 | —
|
| William John Button | Lance Sergeant | British Army | EGM | 17 September 1940 | —
|
| Richard Arthur Samuel Bywater | Factory Development Officer | Ministry of Supply | GC | 26 September 1944[35] | —
|
| Alexander Fraser Campbell | Second Lieutenant | Royal Engineers | GC | 22 January 1941*[26] | 
|
| Leading Aircraftman | Royal Air Force | EGM | 5 July 1940 | —
| |
| Flight Sergeant | Royal Flying Corps | AM | 26 April 1918 | —
| |
| Jack Chalmers | — |
— |
AM | 7 July 1922 | —
|
| Petty Officer | Royal Navy | EGM | 18 June 1926 | —
| |
| Private | British Army | EGM | 2 June 1923 | —
| |
— |
— |
EM | 10 February 1948 | —
| |
| Wilson Hodgson Charlton | Flight Lieutenant (acting) | Royal Air Force | GC | 21 January 1944[36] | |
| Assistant Civil Engineer | Air Ministry Works Department, Middle East Command | EGM | 8 March 1940[37] | —
| |
— |
— |
EGM | 5 May 1939 | —
| |
— |
— |
EGM | 3 May 1927 | —
| |
— |
— |
EM | 5 August 1938 | —
| |
| Donald Owen Clarke | Apprentice | Merchant Navy | GC | 20 July 1943*[38] | |
— |
— |
AM | 30 December 1919 | —
| |
| John Clements | Teacher | Sherrardswood School | GC | 7 December 1976*[39] | —
|
| Pilot Officer | Royal Air Force | EGM | 21 December 1937 | —
| |
| Midshipman | Royal Navy | EGM | 1 January 1930 | —
| |
| Dennis Arthur Copperwheat | Lieutenant | Royal Navy, HMS Penelope | GC | 17 November 1942[40] | —
|
| John Guise Cowley | Lieutenant | British Army, Royal Engineers | AM | 19 November 1935[14] | —
|
| Frederick John Cradock | Boilerman | — |
GC | 10 September 1943*[41] | —
|
— |
— |
EM | 1 June 1923 | —
| |
— |
— |
EM | 15 May 1928 | —
| |
— |
— |
EGM | 25 February 1936 | —
| |
| Matthew Croucher** | Lance Corporal | 40 Commando, Royal Marines Reserve | GC | 24 July 2008[42] | —
|
| Peter Victor Danckwerts | Sub-Lieutenant | Royal Naval Reserve | GC | 20 December 1940[43] | —
|
| Miner | Bentley Colliery | EM | 30 September 1932[15] | —
| |
| Frederick Davies | Fireman | National Fire Service | GC | 5 February 1946*[44] | —
|
| Robert Davies | Lieutenant (temporary) | Royal Engineers | GC | 30 September 1940[12] | —
|
| Leading Seaman | Royal Naval Reserve | AM | 23 March 1918 | —
| |
| Harry Melville Arbuthnot Day | Lieutenant (acting) | Royal Marine Light Infantry | AM | 7 January 1919 | |
| Captain | King's Shropshire Light Infantry | EGM | 8 May 1934 | —
| |
| Hubert Dinwoodie | Squadron Leader | Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve | GC | 4 February 1947[45] | —
|
| Ditto Ram | Sowar | Central India Horse[46] | GC | 13 December 1945*[46] | —
|
— |
— |
EM | 23 February 1940 | —
| |
| Albert George Dolphin | Porter | South Eastern Hospital, London | GC | 17 January 1941*[47] | —
|
| Raymond Tasman Donoghue | Tram Driver | Metropolitan Transport Trust, Hobart, Tasmania | GC | 11 October 1960*[48] | 
|
| Leading Aircraftman | Royal Air Force | EGM | 27 March 1931 | —
| |
| John Noel Dowland | Squadron Leader | Royal Air Force | GC | 7 January 1941[49] | —
|
| Shri | — |
EGM | 3 June 1931 | —
| |
| Senior Shipwright Diver | HM Dockyard, Portsmouth | EGM | 1 February 1937[9][50] | —
| |
| Charles Alfred Duncan | Private | 4th Battalion, Parachute Regiment | GC | 9 November 1943*[51] | —
|
| Mahmood Khan Durrani | Captain | 1st Bahawalpur Infantry, British Indian Army | GC | 23 May 1946[52] | —
|
| William Marsden Eastman | Lieutenant | Royal Army Ordnance Corps | GC | 24 December 1940[53] | —
|
| Jack Maynard Cholmondeley Easton | Sub-Lieutenant | Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve | GC | 23 January 1941[54] | —
|
| Acting Bombardier | British Army | EM | 22 January 1918 | —
| |
| Reginald Vincent Ellingworth | Chief Petty Officer | HMS Vernon | GC | 20 December 1940*[43] | —
|
| Bernard George Ellis | Lieutenant | British Army | AM | 18 July 1919 | —
|
| Private | British Army | EGM | 19 November 1935 | —
| |
| Errol John Emanuel | District Commissioner | Territory of Papua New Guinea | GC | 1 February 1972*[55] | —
|
| Harry Errington | Fireman | London Auxiliary Fire Service | GC | 8 August 1941[56] | |
| Sub-Lieutenant | Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve | AM | 31 January 1919 | —
| |
| Gunner | British Army | AM | 8 May 1928 | —
| |
| Frederick William Fairfax | Detective Constable | Metropolitan Police Force | GC | 6 January 1953[57] | —
|
— |
— |
EGM | 26 July 1940 | —
| |
| Kenneth Farrow | Constable | Cardiff City Police Force | AM | 15 October 1948 | —
|
| Francis Anthony Blair Fasson | Lieutenant | HMS Petard, Royal Navy | GC | 14 September 1943*[58] | —
|
| Rais | Trans-Jordan Frontier Force | EGM | 12 July 1938 | —
| |
| Fireman | merchant seaman | AM | 18 March 1919 | —
| |
| Christopher Finney** | Trooper | Blues and Royals | GC | 31 October 2003[59] | —
|
| Lance Naik | British Indian Army – 8th Punjab (Burma) Regiment | AM | 19 November 1935[14] | —
| |
— |
— |
EM | 15 August 1939 | —
| |
| Private | British Army | AM | 19 November 1935[14] | —
| |
| William George Fleming | Coxswain | Gorleston Lifeboat | EGM | 30 June 1924 | 
|
— |
— |
EM | 26 January 1926 | —
| |
— |
— |
EM | 8 December 1944 | —
| |
| Sergeant | British Army | AM | 21 August 1917 | —
| |
| Douglas Ford | Captain (acting) | Royal Scots | GC | 18 April 1946*[18] | —
|
| William George Foster | Lieutenant | 7th Wiltshire Battalion, Home Guard | GC | 27 November 1942*[60] | —
|
| Leslie Owen Fox | Deputy Party Leader | London County Council Heavy Rescue Service | GC | 20 February 1945[61] | —
|
| Staff Nurse | Territorial Force Nursing Service | AM | 31 January 1919 | —
| |
| John Alexander Fraser | Assistant Attorney General | Hong Kong Colonial Service | GC | 29 October 1946*[23] | 
|
| Divisional Inspector | HM Inspectorate of Mines | EM | 30 September 1932[15] | —
| |
| Aircraftman 1st Class | Royal Air Force | EGM | 5 July 1940 | —
| |
| Sub-Inspector | Punjab Police | EGM | 3 June 1931 | —
| |
| Temporary Lieutenant | Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve | AM | 11 August 1942 | —
| |
| Stanley Frederick Gibbs | — |
— |
AM | 8 February 1927 | 
|
| Michael Gibson | Sergeant | Royal Engineers | GC | 22 January 1941*[26] | —
|
| Ernest Oliver Gidden | Lieutenant | Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve | GC | 9 June 1942[62] | —
|
| Ivor John Gillett | Aircraftman 1st Class | Royal Air Force | GC | 3 October 1950*[63] | —
|
| Benjamin Gimbert | Driver | London and North Eastern Railway | GC | 25 July 1944[64] | —
|
| Anthony John Gledhill** | Police Constable | Metropolitan Police Force | GC | 23 May 1967[65] | —
|
| Roger Philip Goad | Captain (Explosives Officer) | Metropolitan Police Force | GC | 1 October 1976*[66] | —
|
| Leading Seaman | Royal Navy | AM | 26 January 1943 | —
| |
| Abdus Samad Abdul Wahid Golandaz | — |
— |
EGM | 4 June 1934 | 
|
| Leon Verdi Goldsworthy | Lieutenant | HMS Vernon, Royal Australian Naval Volunteer Reserve | GC | 19 September 1944[67] | 
|
| George Herbert Goodman | Lieutenant | HMS Vernon, Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve | GC | 15 September 1942[68] | —
|
— |
— |
EM | 17 June 1930 | —
| |
| George Gosse | Lieutenant | HMS Vernon, Royal Australian Naval Volunteer Reserve | GC | 30 April 1946[69] | 
|
| Flg Off. | Royal Air Force | EGM | 11 November 1939 | —
| |
| Karl Mander Gravell | Leading Aircraftman | Royal Canadian Air Force | GC | 11 June 1942*[70] | —
|
| Hector Bertram Gray | Flight Lieutenant | Royal Air Force | GC | 19 April 1946*[71] | —
|
| Roderick Borden Gray | Flying Officer | Royal Canadian Air Force | GC | 13 March 1945*[72] | 
|
| Colin Grazier | Able Seaman | HMS Petard, Royal Navy | GC | 14 September 1943*[58] | —
|
| John Sedgwick Gregson | Apprentice | merchant seaman | AM | 2 February 1943 | —
|
| Stewart Graeme Guthrie | Sergeant | New Zealand Police | GC | 19 December 1991*[73] | |
| Kevin Howard Haberfield** | Colour Sergeant | Royal Marines | GC | 31 July 2015[74] | —
|
— |
— |
EM | 20 January 1939 | —
| |
| Sergeant | British Army | EGM | 2 June 1923 | —
| |
| Benjamin Gower Hardy | Private | 22nd Australian Garrison Battalion | GC | 1 September 1950*[75] | 
|
| Acting Sergeant | British Army | EM | 22 January 1918 | —
| |
| Roy Thomas Harris | Staff Officer | Air Raid Precautions | GC | 17 December 1940[76] | —
|
| Barbara Jane Harrison | Air Stewardess | British Overseas Airways Corporation | GC | 8 August 1969*[77] | —
|
| Able Seaman | Royal Navy | EGM | 1 January 1931 | —
| |
| Leonard Henry Harrison | Civilian Armament Instructor | Air Ministry | GC | 3 January 1941[78] | —
|
| Air Mechanic Ist Class | Royal Flying Corps | AM | 19 May 1916 | —
| |
| Colliery Worker | — |
EM | 22 June 1917[79] | —
| |
| Able Seaman | Royal Navy | AM | 29 June 1943 | —
| |
| David George Montagu Hay | Cadet | Royal Naval Reserve | AM | 8 July 1941 | —
|
| El Amin Effendi Hemeida | Yuzbashi | Sudan Defence Force | EGM | 23 June 1936[80] | —
|
| Albert Edward Heming | Section Leader | Civil Defence Rescue Service | GC | 17 July 1945[81] | —
|
| George Campbell Henderson | Sub-Officer | Gibraltar Dockyard Fire Service | GC | 20 November 1951*[21] | —
|
— |
— |
EGM | 3 May 1927 | —
| |
| James Hendry | Corporal | Royal Canadian Engineers | GC | 2 April 1943*[82] |  |
| Lance Corporal | British Army | EGM | 19 November 1935 | —
| |
| Mine Manager | Loftus Ironstone Mine | EM | 26 May 1936[83] | —
| |
| William Ewart Hiscock | Lieutenant Commander | HMS St Angelo, Royal Navy | GC | 16 June 1942*[84] | —
|
| Alexander Mitchell Hodge | Sub-Lieutenant | Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve | EGM | 2 August 1940 | —
|
| Vivian Hollowday | Aircraftman First Class | Royal Air Force | GC | 21 January 1941[36] | 
|
| Kenneth Horsfield | Corporal | Manchester Regiment (attached Special Air Service) | GC | 23 March 1945*[85] | 
|
| Ordinary Seaman | Royal Navy | AM | 2 September 1941 | —
| |
| Murray Ken Hudson | Sergeant | Royal New Zealand Infantry Regiment | GC | 11 October 1974*[86] | |
| Joseph Hughes | Driver | Royal Army Service Corps | GC | 26 June 1947*[87] | —
|
| Kim Spencer Hughes** | Staff Sergeant | Royal Logistic Corps | GC | 19 March 2010[88] | —
|
— |
— |
EM | 16 May 1941 | —
| |
| Lieutenant | Royal Navy | EGM | 12 November 1937 | —
| |
| Lance Naik | British Indian Army – 8th Punjab (Burma) Regiment | AM | 19 November 1935[14] | —
| |
— |
— |
EM | 20 July 1948 | —
| |
| Sergeant | British Army | AM | 4 January 1918 | —
| |
| Shawish | Blue Nile Province Police | EGM | 2 March 1934 | —
| |
| George Walter Inwood | Section Commander | 30th Warwickshire Battalion, Home Guard | GC | 27 May 1941*[89] | 
|
| Islam-ud-Din | Lance Naik | 9th Jat Regiment, British Indian Army | GC | 5 October 1945*[90] | —
|
— |
— |
EM | 8 October 1940 | —
| |
— |
— |
EGM | 23 June 1936 | —
| |
| Robert Llewellyn Jephson-Jones | Captain | Royal Army Ordnance Corps | GC | 24 December 1940[52] | —
|
| Barry Johnson** | Staff Sergeant Major | British Army – Royal Army Ordnance Corps | GC | 6 November 1990[91] | —
|
| Overseer | EM | 19 March 1926 | —
| ||
| Richard Frank Jolly | Commander | Royal Navy | EGM | 23 December 1939* | —
|
— |
— |
EM | 9 September 1938 | —
| |
| Ralph Jones | Private | 22nd Australian Garrison Battalion | GC | 1 September 1950*[75] | 
|
| Robert Murray Kavanaugh | — |
— |
AM | 16 October 1930 | —
|
| Cecil Francis Kelly | Assistant River Surveyor | Port Commissioners, Calcutta, Bengal | EGM | 1 February 1937[9][10] | —
|
| Thomas Raymond Kelly | Able Seaman | Merchant Navy | GC | 10 February 1948*[92] | —
|
| André Gilbert Kempster | Major | Royal Armoured Corps | GC | 9 November 1943*[51] | |
| James Stirratt Topping Kennedy | Security Guard | British Rail Engineering Limited | GC | 15 August 1975* [93] | —
|
— |
— |
EM | 20 December 1938 | —
| |
| Chief Petty Officer | Royal Naval Air Service | AM | 14 January 1916 | —
| |
| Acting Shawish | Berber Province Police | EGM | 29 September 1925 | —
| |
| Noor Inayat Khan | Assistant Section Officer, WAAF; Ensign, FANY | Special Operations Executive | GC | 5 April 1949*[94] | 
|
| Derek Godfrey Kinne | Fusilier | Royal Northumberland Fusiliers | GC | 13 April 1954[95] | —
|
— |
— |
EM | 20 October 1931 | —
| |
| Kirpa Ram | Naik | Frontier Force Regiment, British Indian Army | GC | 15 March 1946* | —
|
| Ordinary Seaman | Royal Navy | AM | 12 December 1917[8] | —
| |
| Simmon Latutin | Captain | Somerset Light Infantry | GC | 10 September 1946* | —
|
— |
— |
EM | 10 May 1949 | —
| |
| Raymond Mayhew Lewin | Sergeant | Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve | GC | 11 March 1941 | —
|
— |
— |
EM | 5 May 1939 | —
| |
— |
— |
EM | 9 December 1927 | —
| |
— |
— |
EM | 2 March 1926 | —
| |
| Lieutenant | Royal Navy | EGM | 16 August 1940* | —
| |
| ** | Boy 1st Class | Royal Navy | AM | 8 February 1949 | —
|
| Alfred Lungley | Lance Sergeant | British Army | EGM | 19 November 1935 | —
|
| Chief Petty Officer | Royal Navy | AM | 15 June 1948 | —
| |
| Horace William Madden | Private | Royal Australian Regiment | GC | 30 December 1955*[96] | 
|
| Petty Officer | Royal Navy | EGM | 23 December 1927 | —
| |
| Staff Sgt | Royal Tank Corps | EGM | 3 July 1926 | —
| |
— |
— |
EM | 1 November 1949 | —
| |
| Frederick Hamilton March | — |
— |
EGM | 5 December 1924 | 
|
| Cyril Arthur Joseph Martin | Major | Royal Engineers | GC | 11 March 1943 | —
|
| Dudley William Mason | Captain | Merchant Navy | GC | 8 September 1942 | 
|
| Lance-Naik | Indian Army | EGM | 19 November 1935 | —
| |
| Lionel Colin Matthews | Captain | Royal Australian Corps of Signals | GC | 28 November 1947*[97] | 
|
| Lieutenant Commander | Royal Navy | AM | 11 November 1929 | —
| |
| Leading Seaman | Royal Navy | AM | 25 November 1947 | —
| |
| William Simpson McAloney | Aircraftman | Royal Australian Air Force | AM | 18 February 1938 | |
| Private | British Army | EGM | 25 July 1939 | —
| |
— |
— |
EM | 13 June 1919 | —
| |
— |
— |
EGM | 31 May 1940* | —
| |
| Boatswain | Royal Navy | AM | 27 July 1943 | —
| |
| Corporal | Royal Air Force | EGM | 19 July 1940 | —
| |
— |
— |
AM | 23 July 1909 | —
| |
| William Neil McKechnie | FltCadet | Royal Air Force | EGM | 18 October 1929 | —
|
| Thomas Patrick McTeague | Corporal | Royal Air Force | EGM | 12 April 1929[17] | —
|
— |
— |
EM | 29 December 1931 | —
| |
| Arthur Douglas Merriman | Experimental Officer | Ministry of Supply | GC | 3 December 1940[98] | —
|
| Able Seaman | Royal Navy | AM | 29 April 1941 | —
| |
| Leonard John Miles | Air Raid Warden | Air Raid Precautions | GC | 17 January 1941*[47] | —
|
| Able Seaman | Royal Navy | EGM | 16 August 1940* | —
| |
| John Bryan Peter Miller | Sub-Lieutenant | Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve | GC | 14 January 1941[99] | —
|
| Private | British Army | EGM | 2 June 1923 | —
| |
— |
— |
EGM | 2 January 1933 | —
| |
| Acting 2nd Hand | Royal Naval Reserve | AM | 29 April 1941 | —
| |
| Richard Valentine Moore | Sub-Lieutenant (temporary) | Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve | GC | 27 December 1940[20] | —
|
— |
— |
EM | 4 July 1924 | —
| |
| Constable | Royal Ulster Constabulary | EGM | 3 June 1924 | —
| |
| William Radenhurst Mosedale | Fireman | City of Birmingham Fire Brigade | GC | 28 March 1941[100] | —
|
| Brandon Moss | Special Constable | Coventry Constabulary | GC | 13 December 1940 | —
|
| Private | British Army | EGM | 25 February 1938 | —
| |
| John Stuart Mould | Lieutenant | Royal Australian Naval Reserve attached HMS Vernon | GC | 3 November 1942 | 
|
| Eric Lawrence Moxey | Squadron Leader | Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve | GC | 17 December 1940*[101] | —
|
| Nafar | Khartoum Police Force | EGM | 12 December 1924 | —
| |
| Michael Joseph Munnelly | Journalist | The People | GC | 29 June 1965* [102] | —
|
| Robert Laurence Nairac | Captain | Grenadier Guards | GC | 13 February 1979* [103] | |
| Rifleman | British Indian Army – 8th Gurkha Rifles | EGM | 19 November 1935[14] | —
| |
| Private | British Army – Royal Tank Corps | EGM | 1 February 1937[9][104] | —
| |
| Sol | Khartoum Police Force | EGM | 12 December 1924 | —
| |
| Harold Reginald Newgass | Lieutenant | Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve | GC | 4 March 1941 | |
| Acting Mate | Royal Navy | AM | 1 March 1918 | —
| |
| Lanceray Arthur Newnham | Colonel (temporary) | The Middlesex Regiment (Duke of Cambridge's Own) | GC | 18 April 1946*[18] | —
|
| Arthur Frederick Crane Nicholls | Brigadier | Special Operations Executive | GC | 1 March 1946* | —
|
| James William Nightall | Fireman | London and North Eastern Railway | GC | 25 July 1944*[64] | —
|
| Able Seaman | Royal Navy | EGM | 1 January 1930 | —
| |
| Frank Emery Nix | — |
— |
EM | 21 November 1944 | —
|
| Peter Allen Norton** | Captain | British Army – Royal Logistic Corps | GC | 23 March 2006[105] | 
|
| Patrick Albert O'Leary (Albert-Marie Edmond Guérrise) | Lieutenant-Commander | Special Operations Executive | GC | 5 November 1946 | 
|
| Wallace Arnold Oakes | Driver | British Rail | GC | 19 October 1965*[106] | —
|
| Explosive Worker | Royal Gunpowder Factory | EGM | 6 February 1940[107] | —
| |
| Dick Oliver | Leading Seaman | Royal Navy | AM | 2 August 1928 | —
|
— |
— |
EGM | 9 October 1934 [108] | —
| |
| SpHd.Cons | Ulster Special Constabulary | EGM | 3 June 1924 | —
| |
| Albert Matthew Osborne | Leading Aircraftman | Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve | GC | 10 July 1942* | |
| Reverend | — |
EGM | 30 June 1924 | —
| |
| Pilot Officer | Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve | EGM | 6 August 1940 | —
| |
| Graham Leslie Parish | Sergeant | Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve | GC | 2 April 1943* | —
|
| John MacMillan Stevenson Patton | Lieutenant | Royal Canadian Engineers | GC | 17 December 1940[101] | —
|
| Joan Daphne Mary Pearson | Corporal | Women's Auxiliary Air Force | EGM | 19 July 1940 | 
|
— |
— |
EM | 20 October 1925 | —
| |
| Subedar-Major | Indian Army | EGM | 28 June 1940 | —
| |
— |
— |
EM | 17 April 1936 | —
| |
| Michael Kenneth Pratt** | Constable | Victoria Police | GC | 4 July 1978[109] | —
|
| Rev. Herbert Cecil Pugh | Squadron Leader | Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve | GC | 1 April 1947* | |
— |
— |
EM | 22 November 1929 | —
| |
| John Alan Quinton | Flight Lieutenant | Royal Air Force | GC | 23 October 1951*[110] | 
|
| 2nd Lieutenant | British Army | AM | 3 January 1919 | —
| |
| Abdul Rahman | Havildar | 9th Jat Regiment, British Indian Army | GC | 10 September 1946* | —
|
| Babu | — |
EGM | 1 January 1935 | —
| |
| Seaman | Royal Naval Reserve | AM | 12 December 1917[8] | —
| |
| Henry Herbert Reed | Bombardier | Royal Artillery | GC | 23 September 1941* | —
|
| Chief Officer | merchant seaman | AM | 25 May 1943 | —
| |
| John Rennie | Sergeant | The Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders of Canada (Princess Louise's) | GC | 26 May 1944* | 
|
| Lieutenant | British Army | EGM | 17 September 1940 | —
| |
| Sergeant | Royal Flying Corps | AM | 1 January 1918 | —
| |
| Richard Walter Richards | — |
— |
AM | 6 July 1923 | —
|
| Gerald Irving Richardson | Superintendent | Lancashire Constabulary | GC | 14 November 1972*[111] | —
|
| Randolph Gordon Ridling | Lieutenant | New Zealand Army | AM | 9 December 1919 | —
|
— |
— |
AM | 3 October 1944 | —
| |
| Sergeant | Bombay Police Force | EGM | 3 June 1931 | —
| |
| Acting Flight Commander | Royal Naval Air Service | AM | 18 June 1918 | —
| |
— |
— |
EM | 20 July 1948 | —
| |
| AsstSurgeon | Indian Army | EGM | 2 June 1923 | —
| |
| Jonathan Rogers | Chief Petty Officer | Royal Australian Navy | GC | 19 March 1965*[112] | 
|
| Sydney George Rogerson | Staff Sergeant (acting) | Royal Army Ordnance Corps | GC | 11 October 1946[30] | —
|
| Arthur Dwight Ross | Air Commodore | Royal Canadian Air Force | GC | 27 October 1944 | 
|
| John Samuel Rowlands | Wing Commander | Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve | GC | 10 August 1943 | |
| David Russell | Lance-Corporal | Royal New Zealand Infantry Regiment | GC | 24 December 1948* | —
|
| Richard John Hammersley Ryan | Lieutenant-Commander | HMS President | GC | 20 December 1940*[43] | —
|
| Odette Sansom | — |
Special Operations Executive | GC | 20 August 1946 | 
|
| Doctor | — |
EM | 19 August 1937 | —
| |
— |
— |
EM | 8 October 1940 | —
| |
| Olaf Sean George Schmid | Staff Sergeant | Royal Logistic Corps | GC | 19 March 2010*[88] | —
|
| Lieutenant Commander | HMS Myrtle, Royal Navy | AM | 12 March 1920[7] | —
| |
| James Patrick Scully | Corporal | Pioneer Corps | GC | 8 July 1941 | 
|
| Hugh Paul Seagrim | Major | Special Operations Executive | GC | 12 September 1946* | —
|
| Explosive Worker | Royal Gunpowder Factory | EGM | 6 February 1940 [107] | —
| |
— |
— |
EM | 20 July 1948 | —
| |
| Samuel Shephard** | Lieutenant | Royal Marines | GC | 3 October 2014[113] | —
|
— |
— |
EM | 14 February 1930 | —
| |
| Joseph Henry Silk | Private | Somerset Light Infantry | GC | 13 June 1944* | —
|
| Laurence Frank Sinclair | Wing Commander | Royal Air Force | GC | 21 January 1941[36] | —
|
— |
— |
EM | 28 June 1940 | —
| |
| Anthony Smith | Member | Civil Defence Rescue Service | GC | 30 May 1944 | |
| Kenneth Smith | Signalman | Royal Corps of Signals | GC | 19 October 1945* | —
|
| Miner | Bentley Colliery | EM | 30 September 1932[15] | —
| |
| Bennett Southwell[54] | Ordinary Seaman | HMS Vernon | GC | 23 January 1941*[54] | —
|
| Brian Spillett | Detail fitter | — |
GC | 29 June 1965*[102] | —
|
| Kenneth Gerald Spooner | Leading Aircraftman | Royal Canadian Air Force | GC | 7 January 1944* | 
|
| Private | British Army – West Yorkshire Regiment | AM | 19 November 1935 | —
| |
| Deck Hand | Royal Naval Reserve | AM | 16 May 1918 | —
| |
| Henry William Stevens | Police Constable | Metropolitan Police | GC | 21 October 1958[114] | —
|
| Lieutenant Colonel | British Army | EGM | 26 June 1928 | —
| |
| Principal Officer | HM Prison Service | EGM | 23 October 1928 | —
| |
| George Preston Stronach | Chief Officer | Merchant Navy | GC | 23 November 1943 | —
|
| Stephen George Styles | Major | British Army – Royal Army Ordnance Corps | GC | 11 January 1972[115] | —
|
| Subramanian | Subedar | Queen Victoria's Own Madras Miners & Sappers | GC | 30 June 1944* | —
|
| Charles Howard, 20th Earl of Suffolk | Chief Field Research and Experimental Officer | Ministry of Supply | GC | 18 July 1941* | 
|
| Miner | Bentley Colliery | EM | 30 September 1932[15] | —
| |
| Explosive Worker | Royal Gunpowder Factory | EGM | 6 February 1940[107] | —
| |
| Hugh Randall Syme | Lieutenant | Royal Australian Naval Volunteer Reserve | GC | 3 August 1943 | 
|
| Violette Reine Elizabeth Szabo | Lieutenant, FANY | Special Operations Executive | GC | 17 December 1946* | 
|
| Shawish | Khartoum Police Force | EGM | 12 December 1924 | —
| |
| 2nd Lieutenant | British Army | EGM | 17 September 1940 | —
| |
— |
— |
EGM | 19 June 1934 | —
| |
| George Anthony Morgan Taylor | Vulcanologist | Commonwealth Bureau of Mineral Resources | GC | 22 April 1952[116] | 
|
| Patrick Gordon Taylor | Captain | — |
EGM | 9 July 1937 | 
|
| Robert George Taylor | Newspaper advertising representative | — |
GC | 1 August 1950*[117] | 
|
| William Horace Taylor | Sub-Lieutenant | Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve | GC | 14 January 1941[99] | —
|
| Assistant Surveyor | Bentley Colliery | EM | 30 September 1932[15] | —
| |
| Arthur Devere Thomas | — |
— |
EM | 31 March 1931 | —
|
| Dorothy Louise Thomas | — |
— |
EGM | 2 March 1934 | —
|
— |
— |
EM | 6 February 1934 | —
| |
| Jenkin Robert Oswald Thompson | Captain | Royal Army Medical Corps | GC | 2 February 1945* | —
|
— |
— |
EM | 28 June 1940 | —
| |
| Flg Off. | Royal Air Force | EGM | 6 August 1940 | —
| |
| Emma Jose Townsend | — |
— |
EGM | 6 September 1932 | —
|
| Vice-consul | British Embassy, Addis Ababa | EGM | 1 February 1937[9][10] | —
| |
| Private | British Army | EGM | 2 June 1923 | —
| |
| Dominic Charles Troulan** | Security Consultant | — |
GC | 16 June 2017[118] | —
|
| Stephen John Tuckwell | Able Seaman | Royal Navy | GC | 14 January 1941[99] | —
|
| Norman Tunna | Shunter | Great Western Railway | GC | 24 January 1941 | |
| Geoffrey Gledhill Turner | Lieutenant | Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve | GC | 27 June 1941[34] | —
|
| James Gordon Melville Turner | Radio Officer | merchant seaman | EGM | 13 October 1939 | —
|
— |
— |
EGM | 18 March 1927 | —
| |
— |
— |
EM | 14 February 1930 | —
| |
| Margaret Vaughan (Purves)** | — |
— |
AM | 1 November 1949 | —
|
| Carl Walker** | Constable | Lancashire Constabulary | GC | 14 November 1972[111] | —
|
| Petty Officer | Royal Navy | AM | 15 December 1942 | —
| |
| Eric William Kevin Walton | Temporary Lieutenant | Royal Navy | AM | 8 June 1948 | —
|
| Pony driver | Bentley Colliery | EM | 30 September 1932[15] | —
| |
— |
— |
EM | 6 June 1930 | —
| |
— |
— |
EGM | 30 December 1922 | —
| |
| Terence Edward Waters | Lieutenant | British Army – West Yorkshire Regiment | GC | 13 April 1954*[95] | —
|
— |
— |
EM | 2 April 1946 | —
| |
| Flight Lieutenant | Royal Naval Air Service | AM | 8 March 1918 | —
| |
| Flight Sergeant | Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve | EGM | 5 August 1932 | —
| |
— |
— |
EM | 9 June 1944 | —
| |
— |
— |
EM | 24 October 1941 | —
| |
— |
— |
AM | 13 August 1948 | —
| |
— |
— |
EM | 5 September 1922 | —
| |
— |
— |
EM | 30 September 1949 | —
| |
— |
— |
EGM | 22 October 1926 | —
| |
| Michael Willetts | Sergeant | British Army – Parachute Regiment | GC | 25 May 1971* [119] | —
|
— |
— |
EM | 29 November 1932 | —
| |
| Lance Corporal | British Army | AM | 30 August 1918 | —
| |
— |
— |
EM | 22 August 1924 | —
| |
| Pilot Officer | Royal Air Force | EGM | 31 January 1930 | —
| |
— |
— |
EGM | 28 June 1940 | —
| |
— |
— |
AM | 28 March 1911 | —
| |
| Stanley James Woodbridge | Flight Sergeant | Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve | GC | 28 September 1948*[120] | —
|
| Warrant Officer | Royal Canadian Naval Volunteer Reserve | AM | 13 April 1945 | —
| |
| Mark Wright | Corporal | 3rd Battalion, Parachute Regiment | GC | 15 December 2006* [121] | |
| George Cameron Wyllie | Sapper | Royal Engineers | GC | 30 September 1940[12] | —
|
| Havildar | British Army | EGM | 19 November 1935 | —
| |
| Philip William Yates | Miner | Bentley Colliery | EM | 30 September 1932[15] | —
|
| Constable | Khartoum Police Force | EGM | 1 January 1932 | —
| |
| Forest Frederick Edward Yeo-Thomas | Wing Commander | Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve | GC | 15 February 1946 | —
|
— |
— |
EM | 1 January 1917 | —
| |
| St John Graham Young | Lieutenant | The Central India Horse (21st King George V's Own Horse) | GC | 20 July 1945* | —
|
— |
— |
EM | 20 July 1948 | —
|
Of the 411 awards of the George Cross, 408 have been individual awards and three [122] have been collective awards.
Group awards[]
By express instruction of King George VI, the Island of Malta has been awarded the George Cross collectively in perpetuity. In a letter to Malta's Governor (Lieutenant-General Sir William Dobbie) dated 15 April 1942, King George VI awarded the George Cross "to the Island Fortress of Malta to bear witness to a heroism and devotion that will long be famous in history". Dobbie replied: "By God's help Malta will not weaken but will endure until victory is won."
In a similar manner, Queen Elizabeth II awarded the Royal Ulster Constabulary the George Cross on 23 November 1999. Buckingham Palace announced that it was awarded "to honour the courage and dedication of the officers of the Royal Ulster Constabulary and their families who have shared their hardship".[123] Queen Elizabeth II presented it in person at Hillsborough Castle, County Down. On 4 November 2001, the Royal Ulster Constabulary was reorganised and renamed as the Police Service of Northern Ireland with most former RUC officers remaining<https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2000/32/section/1></ref> in the new organisation .[124]
On 5 July 2021, on the 73rd anniversary of the NHS, and during the global COVID-19 pandemic, the Queen awarded the George Cross to the National Health Service staff of the United Kingdom. The Queen wrote in a personal message: "It is with great pleasure, on behalf of a grateful nation, that I award the George Cross to the National Health Services of the United Kingdom. This award recognises all NHS staff, past and present, across all disciplines and all four nations. Over more than seven decades, and especially in recent times, you have supported the people of our country with courage, compassion and dedication, demonstrating the highest standards of public service. You have our enduring thanks and heartfelt appreciation. Elizabeth R."[125]
See also[]
- List of Australian George Cross recipients
- Lists of Victoria Cross recipients
- British and Commonwealth orders and decorations
References[]
Specific[]
- ^ Mussell, J. W. (Editor), (2015), Medal Yearbook 2016 (Token Publishing Ltd: Devon)
- ^ a b "Letters patent repealing the Canadian Bravery Decorations Regulations, 1997 and making the Canadian Bravery Decorations Regulations, 2005". 9 June 2005. Archived from the original on 23 May 2013. Retrieved 28 February 2013.
- ^ a b "It's an Honour: Cross of Valour". 29 September 2008. Archived from the original on 27 February 2016. Retrieved 28 February 2013.
- ^ "New Zealand Gallantry and Bravery Awards - The New Zealand Cross (NZC)". Archived from the original on 6 May 2013. Retrieved 28 February 2013.
- ^ a b "Our People". Victoria Cross and George Cross Association. Archived from the original on 5 October 2021. Retrieved 15 September 2021.
- ^ Brazier, Kevin; p.11
- ^ a b "No. 31821". The London Gazette. 3 December 1920. p. 3187.
- ^ a b c "No. 30428". The London Gazette. 12 December 1917. p. 13086.
- ^ a b c d e f "No. 15359". The Edinburgh Gazette. 5 February 1937. pp. 112–114.
- ^ a b c d "No. 34365". The London Gazette (Supplement). 29 January 1925. p. 702.
- ^ "No. 33741". The London Gazette. 4 August 1931. pp. 5109–5110.
- ^ a b c "No. 34956". The London Gazette (Supplement). 30 September 1940. pp. 5767–5768.
- ^ "No. 34586". The London Gazette. 3 January 1939. p. 52.
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- ^ "No. 34633". The London Gazette (Supplement). 8 June 1939. pp. 3872–3873.
- ^ a b "No. 33485". The London Gazette. 12 April 1929. p. 2433.
- ^ a b c "No. 37536". The London Gazette (Supplement). 18 April 1946. pp. 1949–1958.
- ^ "No. 35292". The London Gazette. 30 September 1941. pp. 5653–5704.
- ^ a b c "No. 35025". The London Gazette (Supplement). 27 December 1940. pp. 7279–7280.
- ^ a b "No. 39387". The London Gazette (Supplement). 20 November 1951. pp. 6053–6056.
- ^ "No. 41062". The London Gazette. 7 May 1957. pp. 2723–2726.
- ^ a b "No. 37771". The London Gazette (Supplement). 29 October 1946. pp. 5307–5308.
- ^ "No. 39719". The London Gazette (Supplement). 16 December 1952. pp. 6615–6618.
- ^ "No. 37776". The London Gazette (Supplement). 5 November 1946. pp. 5403–5416.
- ^ a b c "No. 35050". The London Gazette (Supplement). 22 January 1941. pp. 461–462.
- ^ "No. 46354". The London Gazette (Supplement). 27 September 1974. pp. 8013–8016.
- ^ "No. 38147". The London Gazette (Supplement). 16 December 1947. pp. 5917–5940.
- ^ "No. 41421". The London Gazette (Supplement). 17 June 1958. pp. 3853–3858.
- ^ a b "No. 37753". The London Gazette (Supplement). 11 October 1946. pp. 5025–5034.
- ^ "No. 35136". The London Gazette. 15 April 1941. pp. 2177–2200.
- ^ "No. 36572". The London Gazette (Supplement). 20 June 1944. pp. 2931–2934.
- ^ "No. 39979". The London Gazette (Supplement). 6 October 1953. pp. 5305–5308.
- ^ a b "No. 35201". The London Gazette (Supplement). 27 June 1941. pp. 3651–3654.
- ^ "No. 36717". The London Gazette (Supplement). 26 September 1944. pp. 4437–4340.
- ^ a b c "No. 35048". The London Gazette (Supplement). 17 January 1944. pp. 403–406.
- ^ "Bravery In Spinning Aeroplane." Times [London, England] 9 Mar. 1940: 3. The Times Digital Archive. Web. 19 Mar. 2016.
- ^ "No. 36097". The London Gazette (Supplement). 16 July 1943. pp. 3263–3266.
- ^ "No. 47085". The London Gazette (Supplement). 6 December 1976. pp. 16447–16450.
- ^ "No. 35788". The London Gazette (Supplement). 13 November 1942. pp. 4989–4992.
- ^ "No. 36163". The London Gazette (Supplement). 7 September 1943. pp. 4005–4006.
- ^ "No. 58774". The London Gazette (Supplement). 23 July 2008. pp. 11163–11164.
- ^ a b c "No. 35018". The London Gazette (Supplement). 17 December 1940. pp. 7107–7108.
- ^ "No. 37455". The London Gazette (Supplement). 1 February 1946. pp. 805–810.
- ^ "No. 37870". The London Gazette (Supplement). 31 January 1947. pp. 599–610.
- ^ a b "No. 37386". The London Gazette (Supplement). 11 December 1945. pp. 6055–6082.
- ^ a b "No. 35043". The London Gazette (Supplement). 14 January 1941. pp. 329–338.
- ^ "No. 42162". The London Gazette (Supplement). 7 October 1960. pp. 6849–6853.
- ^ "No. 35037". The London Gazette (Supplement). 7 January 1941. pp. 149–189.
- ^ "No. 34365". The London Gazette (Supplement). 29 January 1937. pp. 701–702.
- ^ a b "No. 36239". The London Gazette (Supplement). 5 November 1943. pp. 4907–4914.
- ^ a b "No. 37575". The London Gazette (Supplement). 21 May 1946. pp. 2443–2500.
- ^ "No. 35022". The London Gazette. 24 December 1940. pp. 7207–7250.
- ^ a b c "No. 35051". The London Gazette (Supplement). 21 January 1941. pp. 463–464.
- ^ "No. 45588". The London Gazette. 1 February 1972. pp. 1281–1376.
- ^ "No. 35239". The London Gazette (Supplement). 5 August 1941. pp. 4545–4550.
- ^ "No. 39746". The London Gazette (Supplement). 2 January 1953. pp. 167–168.
- ^ a b "No. 36169". The London Gazette (Supplement). 10 September 1943. pp. 4073–4076.
- ^ "No. 57100". The London Gazette (Supplement). 31 October 2003. pp. 1–12.
- ^ "No. 35802". The London Gazette (Supplement). 27 November 1942. pp. 5173–5206.
- ^ "No. 36946". The London Gazette (Supplement). 16 February 1945. pp. 993–994.
- ^ "No. 35591". The London Gazette (Supplement). 5 June 1942. pp. 2547–2550.
- ^ "No. 39033". The London Gazette. 3 October 1950. pp. 4919–4958.
- ^ a b "No. 36623". The London Gazette (Supplement). 21 July 1944. pp. 3457–3460.
- ^ "No. 44316". The London Gazette (Supplement). 19 May 1967. pp. 5727–5730.
- ^ "No. 47027". The London Gazette (Supplement). 30 September 1976. pp. 13305–3308.
- ^ "No. 36707". The London Gazette (Supplement). 15 September 1944. pp. 4333–4336.
- ^ "No. 35706". The London Gazette (Supplement). 11 September 1942. pp. 4019–4022.
- ^ "No. 37549". The London Gazette (Supplement). 26 April 1946. pp. 2085–2088.
- ^ "No. 35587". The London Gazette (Supplement). 5 June 1942. pp. 2533–2534.
- ^ "No. 37538". The London Gazette (Supplement). 16 April 1946. pp. 1967–1970.
- ^ "No. 36980". The London Gazette (Supplement). 9 March 1945. pp. 1387–1390.
- ^ "No. 52837". The London Gazette (Supplement). 17 February 1992. pp. 2783–2784.
- ^ The London Gazette: no. 61311. p. 14242 Archived 7 October 2015 at the Wayback Machine. 3 August 2015. Retrieved 3 August 2015.
- ^ a b "No. 39008". The London Gazette. 1 September 1950. pp. 4431–4472.
- ^ "No. 35016". The London Gazette (Supplement). 17 December 1940. pp. 7093–7096.
- ^ "No. 44913". The London Gazette (Supplement). 7 August 1969. pp. 8211–8216.
- ^ "No. 35030". The London Gazette (Supplement). 31 December 1940. pp. 45–50.
- ^ "Brave Deeds In Mine And Factory." Times [London, England] 23 June 1917: 3. The Times Digital Archive. Web. 19 Mar. 2016.
- ^ "No. 34296". The London Gazette (Supplement). 19 June 1936. p. 4010.
- ^ "No. 37181". The London Gazette (Supplement). 13 July 1945. pp. 3675–3680.
- ^ "No. 35962". The London Gazette (Supplement). 30 March 1943. pp. 1511–1516.
- ^ "Gallantry Of Mine Manager." Times [London, England] 27 May 1936: 13. The Times Digital Archive. Web. 19 Mar. 2016.
- ^ "No. 35596". The London Gazette (Supplement). 12 June 1942. pp. 2645–2648.
- ^ "No. 36995". The London Gazette (Supplement). 20 March 1945. pp. 1573–1582.
- ^ "No. 46371". The London Gazette. 11 October 1974. pp. 8809–8948.
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- ^ a b "No. 59365". The London Gazette (Supplement). 19 March 2010. pp. 4831–4832.
- ^ "No. 35173". The London Gazette (Supplement). 27 May 1941. pp. 3019–3064.
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- ^ "No. 40665". The London Gazette (Supplement). 27 December 1955. p. 7299.
- ^ "No. 38134". The London Gazette (Supplement). 25 November 1947. p. 5635.
- ^ "No. 35006". The London Gazette (Supplement). 3 December 1940. pp. 6909–6912.
- ^ a b c "No. 35041". The London Gazette (Supplement). 10 January 1941. pp. 259–264.
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- ^ "No. 47582". The London Gazette (Supplement). 3 July 1978. p. 8045.
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- ^ "No. 43604". The London Gazette. 19 March 1965. p. 2797.
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- ^ "No. 45404". The London Gazette (Supplement). 21 June 1971. p. 6641.
- ^ "No. 38414". The London Gazette (Supplement). 24 September 1948. p. 5185.
- ^ "No. 58182". The London Gazette (Supplement). 15 December 2006. pp. 17352–17353.
- ^ "Royals celebrate NHS anniversary with George Cross and tea party - BBC News". Bbc.co.uk. Archived from the original on 5 July 2021. Retrieved 25 November 2021.
- ^ Turner, John Frayn (2010). Royal Ulster Constabulary. Awards of the George Cross 1940–2009 (2 ed.). Pen & Sword Books Ltd. p. 165. ISBN 978-1-84884-200-7. Archived from the original on 25 November 2021. Retrieved 24 February 2015.
- ^ BBC (4 November 2001). "'New era' as NI police change name". Archived from the original on 28 August 2017. Retrieved 28 February 2013.
- ^ The Guardian (5 July 2021). "Queen awards George Cross to NHS to mark 70 years of public service". TheGuardian.com. Archived from the original on 13 July 2021. Retrieved 14 July 2021.
General[]
- The Register of the George Cross (2nd ed.). Cheltenham: This England Books. 1990. ISBN 978-0-906324-17-2.
- Ashcroft, Michael (2012). George Cross Heroes. London: Hachette UK. ISBN 978-0-7553-6452-7.
- Brazier, Kevin (2010). The Complete Victoria Cross. Barnsley: Pen & Sword Military. ISBN 978-1-84884-150-5.
- Hebblethwaite, M (2005). One Step Further: Those Whose Gallantry Was Rewarded With The George Cross. Oxon: Chameleon HH Publishing. ISBN 978-0-9546917-1-4.
- Mackay, J; Mussell, P; Mussell, J W (2005). The Medal Yearbook 2006. Devon: Token Publishing. ISBN 978-1-870192-70-5.
External links[]
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Categories:
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