List of Hindu empires and dynasties
Historical reach of Indian civilisation
Hindu empires rose to power following the birth of Hinduism in the Indian subcontinent. The period of the Gupta Empire under Samudragupta is sometimes attributed to as the Golden Age of India.[1] The historical and geographic extent of Indian civilization is referred to as Greater India.
List[]
The following list enumerates Hindu empires and dynasties in chronological order.
| Empire | Established | Disestablished | Capital(s) | Language(s) | Today part of | Map |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gopal Bansa | 1400 BCE | 841 BCE | Pashupatinath Temple, Gaushala, Kathmandu | Sanskrit |  Nepal
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| Pundravardhana Kingdom | 1280 BCE | 300 BCE | Mahasthangarh | Pali, Sanskrit |  Bangladesh India
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| Kuru Kingdom | 1200 BCE | 525 BCE | Āsandīvat, Hastinapura, Indraprastha | Sanskrit | India
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| Anga Kingdom | 1100 BCE | 500 BCE | Champa | Prakrit, Sanskrit | India
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| Vidarbha Kingdom | 1100 BCE | 500 BCE | Kaundinyapur | Sanskrit | India
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| Panchala Kingdom | 900 BCE | 400 BCE | Ahichatra, Kampila | Sanskrit | India Nepal
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| Mahispal Bansa | 841 BCE | 700 BCE | Kathmandu | Sanskrit | Nepal India
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| Mahameghavahana dynasty | 1st century BC | 4th century CE | Kalinga | Sanskrit | India
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| Gandhara Kingdom | 800 BCE | 535 BCE | Puṣkalavati, Taxila, Purushapura | Sanskrit |  Afghanistan Pakistan
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| Kirat Kingdom | 700 BCE | 300 AD | , Thankot | Kiranti languages, Sanskrit, Pali Prakrit |  Bhutan Tibet China Pakistan
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| Kingdom of Kosala | 700 BCE | 500 BCE | Shravasti, Ayodhya | Sanskrit | India Nepal
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| Vajji Kingdom | 700 BCE | 400 BCE | Vaishali | Sanskrit | India Nepal
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| Malla Republic | 700 BCE | 300 BCE | , Kushinagar | Sanskrit | India Nepal
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| Matsya Kingdom | 700 BCE | 300 BCE | Sanskrit | India
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| Surasena Kingdom | 700 BCE | 300 BCE | Mathura | Sanskrit | India
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| Avanti Kingdom | 700 BCE | 300 BCE | Ujjayini | Sanskrit | India
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| Asmaka Kingdom | 700 BCE | 300 BCE | Sanskrit | India
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| Kingdom of Vatsa | 700 BCE | 300 BCE | Kauśāmbī | Sanskrit | India
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| Shakya | 700 BCE | 200 BCE | Kapilavastu Tilaurakot | Sanskrit, Pali | Nepal India
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| Magadha Kingdom | 600 BCE | 300 BCE | Rajagriha | Prakrit, Sanskrit | India Nepal
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| Kingdom of Kashi | 600 BCE | 345 BCE | Banaras | Sanskrit | India
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| Chedi Kingdom | 600 BCE | 300 BCE | Suktimati | Sanskrit | India
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| Heheya Kingdom | Mahishmati | Sanskrit | India
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| Haryanka Dynasty | 550 BCE | 413 BCE | Rajagriha, Pataliputra | Prakrit, Sanskrit | India Nepal
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| Kingdom of Tambapanni | 543 BCE | 505 BCE | Tambapanni | Sinhalese |  Sri Lanka
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| Kingdom of Upatissa Nuwara | 505 BCE | 377 BCE | Sinhalese | Sri Lanka
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| Ror Dynasty | 450 BCE | 489 | Rori | Sanskrit | Pakistan
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| Shishunaga Empire | 413 BCE | 345 BCE | Rajgir, Vaishali, Pataliputra | Prakrit, Sanskrit | India Nepal
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| Paurava Dynasty[2] | 400 BCE | 301 BCE | Punjab | Sanskrit | India Pakistan
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| Anuradhapura Kingdom | 377 BCE | 1017 | Anuradhapura | Sinhalese, Tamil | Sri Lanka
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| Malava Empire | 350 BCE | 650 | Vidisha | Sanskrit | India
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| Nanda Empire | 345 BCE | 322 BCE | Pataliputra | Magadhi Prakrit, Sanskrit | India Bangladesh Nepal Pakistan
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| Mauryan Empire | 322 BCE | 184 BCE | Pataliputra | Magadhi Prakrit, Sanskrit | India
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| Chera Dynasty | 300 BCE | 1102 | Karur, Kodungallur, Kollam | Sanskrit, Tamil | India
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| Chola Empire | 300 BCE | 1279 | Thanjavur, Gangaikonda Cholapuram, Pazhaiyaarai | Sanskrit, Tamil | India Sri Lanka
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| Pandyan Empire | 300 BCE | 1345 | Korkai, Madurai, Tirunelveli, Vizhinjam | Tamil, Sanskrit | India Sri Lanka
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| Gangaridai Kingdom | 300 BCE | Unknown | - | - | Bangladesh Bhutan India
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| Shunga Empire | 185 BCE | 75 BCE | Pataliputra, Vidisha | Prakrit, Sanskrit | India Bangladesh Nepal Bhutan
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| Kingdom of Samatata | 180 BCE | 335 | - | - | Bangladesh India
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| Deva Dynasty of Saketa | 150 BCE | 10 BCE | Ayodhya | Sanskrit | India
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| Satavahana Empire | 100 BCE | 225 | Pratishthana, Amaravati | Prakrit | India
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| Kanva Dynasty | 75 BCE | 30 BCE | Pataliputra or Vidisha | Sanskrit | India
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| Northern Satrap Dynasty | 60 BCE | 150 | Sagala, Mathura | Prakrit, Sanskrit | India Pakistan
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| Chutu Dynasty | 30 BCE | 280 | Banavasi | Prakrit | India
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| Suren Kingdom | 19 | 225 | Taxila, Kabul | Pali, Parthian, Sanskrit, Greek | Afghanistan Pakistan
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| Kshaharata Empire | 35 | 405 | Ujjain, Barygaza | Pali, Prakrit, Sanskrit | India Pakistan
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| Funan Empire | 50 | 550 | Vyadhapura | Khmer, Sanskrit |  Laos Cambodia Thailand Vietnam Myanmar
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| Nagvanshi Dynasty | 64 | 1952 | Khukhragarh, Navratangarh | Prakrit, Nagpuri | India
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| Parataraja Kingdom | 125 | 300 | Balochistan | Pali, Prakrit, Sanskrit, Scythian | Pakistan Afghanistan
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| Salakanagara Kingdom | 130 | 362 | - | Sanskrit |  Indonesia
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| Langkasuka Kingdom | 150 | 1475 | - | Malay |  Malaysia Thailand
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| Kingdom of Gangga Negara | 150 | 1025 | Beruas | Malay | Malaysia
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| Kingdom of Champa | 192 | 1832 | Indrapura, Vijaya, Panduranga | Chamic languages, Sanskrit | Vietnam Laos Cambodia
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| Andhra Ikshvaku Dynasty | 200 | 275 | - | Prakrit, Sanskrit, Tamil | India
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| Abhira dynasty | 203 A.D | 315 or 370 | Anjaneri, Thalner, , , Asirgarh | Ahirani, Apabhraṃśa, Sanskrit | India
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| Bharashiva Dynasty | 205 | 335 | Padmavati | Prakrit, Sanskrit | India
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| Soma Dynasty | 205 AD | 305 AD | Kathmandu | Sanskrit | Nepal
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| Gupta Empire | 240 | 590 | Pataliputra | Prakrit, Sanskrit | India Bangladesh Pakistan Nepal Afghanistan
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| Kalabhra Empire | 250 | 600 | Kaveripumpattinam, Madurai | Prakrit, Tamil | India
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| Paurava Dynasty (reinstated)[3] | c. 4th Century AD | c. 7th Century AD? | Brahmapur | Sanskrit | India
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| Pallava Empire | 275 | 897 | Kanchipuram | Tamil, Prakrit, Sanskrit | India
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| Licchavi | 305 AD | 1200 AD | Kathmandu | Vajjika, Sanskrit | Nepal India Bhutan
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| Kataha | 330 | 1136 | Kataha | Old Malay, Sanskrit | Malaysia
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| Kadamba Empire | 345 | 525 | Banavasi | Kannada, Sanskrit | India
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| Aulikara Dynasty | 350 | 550 | Mandsaur | Sanskrit | India
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| Western Ganga Dynasty | 350 | 575 | Talakadu, Kolar | Kannada, Sanskrit | India
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| Kamarupa Kingdom | 350 | 1140 | Pragjyotishpura, Haruppeswara, Durjaya | Assamese, Prakrit, Sanskrit | India Bhutan Bangladesh Myanmar
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| Tarumanagara Kingdom | 358 | 669 | Sundapura | Sundanese, Sanskrit | Indonesia
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| Kutai Martadipura | 399 | 1635 | Muara Kaman | Sanskrit, probably old version of Kutainese language | Indonesia
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| Vishnukundina Dynasty | 420 | 624 | Nalgonda, Eluru, Amaravati | Sanskrit, Prakrit | India
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| Sharabhapuriya Dynasty | 465 | 590 | Sharabhapura | Sanskrit | India
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| Maitraka Dynasty | 475 | 776 | Vallabhi | Apabhramsa, Prakrit, Sanskrit, Sauraseni | India
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| Pushyabhuti Dynasty | 500 | 647 | Sthanvishvara, Kanyakubja | - | India Bangladesh Nepal Bhutan Pakistan
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| Nala Kingdom | 515 | 585 | Pushkari | Sanskrit | India
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| Rai Dynasty | 524 | 632 | Aror | Sanskrit | Pakistan
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| Chalukya Dynasty | 543 | 753 | Badami | Kannada, Sanskrit | India
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| Kalachuri Dynasty | 550 | 620 | Mahishmati | Sanskrit | India
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| Chenla Empire | 550 | 802 | , , Isanapura, | Khmer, Sanskrit | Cambodia Thailand Laos Vietnam
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| Chahamana Dynasty | 550 | 1194 | Shakambhari | Prakrit, Sanskrit | India
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| Maukhari Dynasty | 550 | 800 | Kannauj | Sanskrit | India
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| Kalingga Kingdom | 550 | 650 | - | Old Javanese, Sanskrit | Indonesia
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| Gauda Kingdom | 590 | 626 | Karnasuvarna | - | India Bangladesh
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| Panduvamshi Dynasty | 600 | 790 | Shripura | Sanskrit | India
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| Eastern Chalukya Empire | 624 | 1189 | Vengi, Rajahmundry | Sanskrit, Telugu | India
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| Karkota Empire | 625 | 885 | Srinagar, Parihaspore | Sanskrit | India Pakistan Afghanistan Bangladesh
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| Brahman Dynasty of Sindh | 632 | 724 | - | Sanskrit | India
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| Srivijaya Empire | 650 | 1377 | Palembang, Chaiya, Jambi | Old Malay, Sanskrit | Indonesia Malaysia Singapore Thailand Cambodia Philippines Vietnam Brunei
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| Shailendra Dynasty | 650 | 1025 | Kedu Plain | Old Javanese, Sanskrit | Indonesia
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| Galuh Kingdom | 669 | 1482 | Kawali | Sundanese, Sanskrit | Indonesia
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| Sunda Kingdom | 669 | 1579 | Kawali, Pakuan Pajajaran | Sundanese, Sanskrit | Indonesia
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| Kalachuri Tripuri Dynasty | 675 | 1212 | Tripuri | Prakrit, Sanskrit | India
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| Chavda Dynasty | 690 | 942 | Panchasar, Aṇahilaváḍa | Prakrit | India
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| Mallabhum Kingdom | 694 | 1800 | Laugram, , Bishnupur | Sanskrit, Prakrit | India Bangladesh
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| Limbuwan | 7th Century CE | 1774 | Morang, | Limbu, Lepcha | Nepal India Bhutan
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| Gurjara-Pratihara Dynasty | 730 | 1036 | Kannauj | Prakrit, Sanskrit | India Nepal
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| Mataram Kingdom | 732 | 1006 | Mamratipura | Old Javanese, Sanskrit | Indonesia
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| Saindhava Dynasty | 735 | 920 | Bhutamabilika | Prakrit, Sanskrit | India
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| Tomara Dynasty | 736 | 1151 | Delhi | Prakrit, Sanskrit | India
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| Pala Empire | 750 | 1199 | Bikrampur, Pataliputra, Gauda, Monghyr, Somapura, Mahipal, | Prakrit, Sanskrit | Bangladesh India Nepal Pakistan
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| Haripunjaya Kingdom | 750 | 1292 | Lamphun | Thai | Thailand
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| Rashtrakuta Empire | 753 | 982 | Manyakheta | Kannada, Sanskrit | India
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| Khmer Empire | 802 | 1431 | Mahendraparvata, Hariharalaya, Koh Ker, Yasodharapura | Khmer, Sanskrit | Cambodia Laos Myanmar Thailand Vietnam
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| Chudasama Dynasty | 825 | 1472 | Vamanasthali, Junagadh | Old Gujarati, Prakrit | India
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| Later Chola Empire | 848 | 1279 | Pazhaiyaarai, Thanjavur, Gangaikonda Cholapuram | Tamil, Sanskrit | India Bangladesh Sri Lanka Maldives Indonesia Singapore Malaysia Thailand Myanmar
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| Somavamshi Dynasty | 850 | 1150 | Yayatinagara | Sanskrit | India
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| Yadava Dynasty | 850 | 1334 | Devagiri | Kannada, Marathi, Sanskrit | India
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| Utpala Dynasty | 855 | 1003 | Avantipur | Sanskrit | India Afghanistan Pakistan
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| Hindu Shahi Dynasty | 879 | 1026 | Kabul | Sanskrit | Pakistan Afghanistan India
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| Paramara Dynasty | 900 | 1305 | Dhar | Prakrit, Sanskrit | India
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| Bali Kingdom | 914 | 1908 | Bedulu, Samprangan, Gelgel, Klungkung | Kawi, Balinese | Indonesia
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| Pagan Empire | 940 | 1297 | Pagan | Burmese, Mon, Pyu | Myanmar(Burma)
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| Khasa Kingdom | 954 | 1450 | Sinja Valley | Khas, Sanskrit | Nepal
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| Western Chalukya Empire | 973 | 1189 | Manyakheta, Basavakalyan | Kannada, Sanskrit | India
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| Rajahnate of Butuan | 1001 | 1756 | Butuan | Butuanon, Old Malay | Philippines
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| Lohara Dynasty | 1003 | 1320 | Srinagar | Sanskrit | India Afghanistan Pakistan
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| Kingdom of Polonnaruwa | 1017 | 1310 | Polonnaruwa | Pali, Sanskrit | India
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| Kahuripan Kingdom | 1019 | 1045 | Kahuripan | Old Javanese, Sanskrit | Indonesia
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| Hoysala Empire | 1026 | 1343 | Halebidu, Belur | Kannada, Sanskrit | India
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| Janggala Kingdom | 1045 | 1136 | Hujung Galuh | Old Javanese, Sanskrit | Indonesia
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| Kediri Kingdom | 1045 | 1221 | Kadiri | Old Javanese, Sanskrit | Indonesia
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| Sena Dynasty | 1070 | 1230 | Nabadwip | Sanskrit | Bangladesh India
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| Eastern Ganga Empire | 1078 | 1434 | Dantapura, Kalinganagara, Kataka | Sanskrit | India
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| Gahadavala Dynasty | 1080 | 1194 | Varanasi, Kanyakubja | Sanskrit | India
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| Karnat Dynasty | 1097 | 1324 | Simraungadh | Maithili Language | Nepal India
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| Chero dynasty | 12th CE | 18th CE | Bhojpuri, Nagpuri | India
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| Sambhuvaraya Dynasty | 1150 | 1375 | , | Sanskrit, Tamil | India
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| Vanni Nadu Dynasty | 1150 | 1803 | Vanni | Tamil | Sri Lanka
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| Deva Dynasty | 1156 | 1250 | Bikrampur | Bengali, Sanskrit | Bangladesh India
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| Kakatiya Dynasty | 1163 | 1323 | Orugallu | Sanskrit, Telugu | India
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| Khen Dynasty | 1185 | 1498 | , | Assamese, Kamtapuri | India Myanmar
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| Sutiya Kingdom | 1187 | 1673 | , Ratnapur, Sadiya | Assamese | India
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| Malla Dynasty | 1200 | 1768 | Bhaktapur, Kathmandu, Patan, Nepal | Newari,
Nepali,Sanskrit,Maithili |
Nepal India China
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| Jaffna Kingdom | 1215 | 1624 | Nallur | Tamil | Sri Lanka
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| Singhasari Kingdom | 1222 | 1292 | Tumapel | Old Javanese, Sanskrit | Indonesia
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| Ahom Kingdom | 1228 | 1826 | Charaideo, Garhgaon, Rangpur, Jorhat | Assamese, Tai-Ahom | India Myanmar
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| Sambhuvaraya Dynasty | 1236 | 1375 | , | Tamil | India
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| Yajvapala Dynasty | 1237 | 1289 | Nalapura | - | India
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| Vaghela Dynasty | 1244 | 1304 | Dholka | Apabhramsa, Old Gujarati, Prakrit | India
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| Rajahnate of Cebu | 1250 | 1565 | Singhapala | Cebuano, Old Malay, Middle Tamil | Philippines
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| Majapahit Empire | 1293 | 1527 | Majapahit, Wilwatikta | Old Javanese, Sanskrit | Indonesia Malaysia Singapore Brunei Thailand Timor Leste Philippines
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| 13th Century CE | 18th Century CE | Makwanpurgadhi, Chaudandi, Palpa | Nepali, Maithili Language, Khas, Bengali, Sanskrit | Nepal India
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| Reddy Dynasty | 1325 | 1448 | Addanki, Kondavidu, Rajahmundry | Telugu | India
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| Musunuri Nayakas | 1150 | 1369 | Warangal | Telugu | India
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| Vijayanagara Empire | 1336 | 1646 | Vijayanagara, Penukonda, Chandragiri | Kannada, Sanskrit, Telugu | India
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| Oiniwar Dynasty | 1353 | 1526 | Madhubani | Maithili language | India
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| Kallala dynasty | 1404 | 1789 | Sinja Valley | Khas language, Nepali, Sanskrit | Nepal India
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| Gajapati Kingdom | 1434 | 1541 | Cuttack | Odia | India
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| Bhoi dynasty | 1541 | 1947 | Cuttack, Puri, Khurda | Odia | India
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| Koch Dynasty | 1515 | 1949 | Chikana, Kamatapur | , Assamese, Bengali, Sanskrit | India
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| Madurai Nayak Dynasty | 1529 | 1736 | Madurai, Tiruchirapalli | Tamil | India
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| Thanjavur Nayak Kingdom | 1532 | 1673 | Thanjavur | Tamil | India
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| Gorkha Kingdom | 1559 | 1768 | Gorkha Darbar | Nepali | Nepal
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| Raj Darbhanga | 1577 | 1947 | Darbhanga | Maithili | India
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| Maratha Empire | 1674 | 1818 | Raigad, Gingee, Satara, Pune | Marathi, Sanskrit | India Pakistan
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 Maratha Empire |
| Pudukkottai Kingdom | 1680 | 1800 | Pudukkottai | Tamil | India
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| Sivaganga Kingdom | 1725 | 1733 | Sivaganga | Tamil | India
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| Kingdom of Nepal | 1768 | 2008 | Kathmandu | Nepali, Sanskrit | Nepal India China Bangladesh
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| Dogra Dynasty | 1846 | 1952 | Jammu | Dogri | India Pakistan China
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Note: Kingdoms that acted as princely states to the British Empire are not mentioned except for the time period when they exercised sovereign control.
See also[]
- Bhagavad Gita
- Hindu cosmology
- History of India
- History of Hinduism
- Yoga & Ayurveda
- Vedas & Vedic Literature
- Yuga & Hindu units of time
- Vedic Period & Vedic science
- Hinduism & Sanātana Dharma
- Sangam period & Sangam literature
- Greater India & Indosphere
- Sanskriti & Sanskrit literature
- List of Hindu gurus and sants
- List of writers on Hinduism
- Indianization of Southeast Asia
- Hinduism in Southeast Asia
- Solar dynasty & Lunar dynasty
- Kuru kingdom & Gandhara Kingdom
- Mughal-Rajput Wars
- Puranic chronology
- Puru and Yadu Dynasties
- Indus valley civilization
- Janapadas & Mahajanapadas
- Middle kingdoms of India
- List of Indian monarchs
- Rajput resistance to Muslim conquests
- List of Jain empires and dynasties
- List of Rajput dynasties and states
- Muslim invasion of Afghanistan
References[]
- ^ Gupta, Soumyabrata (2018-06-13). "Retelling history: Walking with the warrior-king Samudragupta". Deccan Chronicle. Retrieved 2019-01-16.
- ^ "Porus | Indian prince". Encyclopedia Britannica.
- ^ Saklani, Dinesh Prasad (1998). Ancient Communities of the Himalaya. ISBN 9788173870903.
Categories:
- Historical Hindu empires
- Hinduism-related lists
- Hindu dynasties
- Lists of dynasties