List of Indian musical instruments
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Indian musical instruments can be broadly classified according to the Hornbostel–Sachs system into four categories: chordophones (string instruments), aerophones (wind instruments), membranophones (drums) and idiophones (non-drum percussion instruments).
Chordophones[]
Plucked strings[]
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Bowed strings[]
- Chikara
- Dhantara
- Dilruba
- Ektara violin
- Esraj
- Kamaicha
- Kingri (string instrument)
- Mayuri Vina or Taus
- Onavillu
- Behala (violin type)
- Pena (musical instrument)
- Pinaka vina
- Pulluvan Veena - one stringed violin
- Ravanahatha
- Sarangi
- Classical Sarangi
- Sarinda
- Tar Shehnai
- Villu Paatu - arched bow instrument
+ Behala - Bengal Murshidabad Violin Persian "Behaaleh" (Restless)
Other string instruments[]
- Gethu or Jhallari - struck tanpura
- Gubguba or Jamuku (khamak)
- Pulluvan kutam
- Santoor - Hammered dulcimer
Aerophones[]
Single reed[]
Double reed[]
Flute[]
Bagpipes[]
Free reed[]
Free reed and bellows[]
- Shruti box
- Harmonium (hand-pumped)
Brass[]
- Bigul - see Bugle
- Ekkalam
- Karnal
- Kombu (instrument)
- Ramsinga
- Kahal
- Turi
Membranophones[]
Hand drums[]
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Hand frame drums[]
- Daf, duf, or dafli - medium or large frame drum without jingles, of Persian origin
- Dubki, dimdi or dimri - small frame drum without jingles
- Kanjira - small frame drum with one jingle
- Kansi - small drum without jingles
- Patayani thappu - medium frame drum played with hands
Stick and hand drums[]
Stick drums[]
- Chande
- Davul
- Nagara - pair of kettledrums
- Pambai - unit of two cylindrical drums
- Parai thappu, halgi - frame drum played with two sticks
- Sambal
- Stick daff or stick duff - daff in a stand played with sticks
- Tamak'
- Tasha - type of kettledrum
- Timki
- Urumee
Idiophones[]
- - fire tong with brass jingles
- Chengila - metal disc
- - brass vessel
- - Northern Indian bell
- Ghatam and Matkam (Earthenware pot drum)
- Khartal or Chiplya
- or jhanj or taal
- - clay pot
- - lithophone
- Thali - metal plate
- Thattukanvjzhi mannai
Melodic[]
- Jal tarang, ceramic bowls with water
- Kanch tarang, a type of glass harp
- Kashtha tarang, a type of xylophone
Hand harmonium[]
Dwarkanath Ghose (Dwarkin) modified the French pedal harmonium.
Electronic[]
- Roland HandSonic
- Electronic tanpura
- Electronic (digital) tabla
- Talameter
See also[]
References[]
Categories:
- Indian musical instruments
- Indian inventions
- Lists of musical instruments