Darbari Kanada
Thaat | Asavari |
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Time of day | Midnight |
Arohana | S R (R)g, (R)g M P d n S' |
Avarohana | S' d n P M P (M)g, (M)g M (S)R, S |
Vadi | R |
Samavadi | P |
Synonym | Durbari |
Similar |
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Darbari Kanada, or simply Raga Darbari, (pronounced darbāri kānada), is a raga in the Kanada family, which is thought to have originated in Carnatic music and brought into Hindustani classical music by Miyan Tansen, the legendary 16th-century composer in emperor Akbar's court. This tradition is reflected in the name itself; Darbar is the Persian derived word in Hindi meaning "court." As the most familiar raga in the Kanada family, it may sometimes also be called Shuddha Kanada or pure Kanada. It belongs to the Asavari thaat.[1] This raag is called raaga Kaanada in Yakshagana.
It is also sometimes written as Durbari and Durbarikanada.[2]
In Hindustani classical music[]
Darbari is a grave raga, played deep into the night, considered to be one of the more difficult to master, and with the potential for profound emotional impact.[3] Darbari is a very serious raga and hence, slow and elaborate meend and andolan are generally more preferred than light and frivolous ornamentations like murki or khatka. The improvisation of Darbari is done more in the mandra saptak, or lower octave.
The ascension of arohana is in the lower and middle octaves. In the avarohana the note Ga (gandhar) komal is used in a slow vibrato (andolan) on this note. Similarly, komal Dha is also used by Andolan. The Andolan of komal Ga and komal Dha add to the gravity of the raga. The association of the notes Ni and Pa sounds pleasing. Its Vadi swara is Re and Samavadi is Pa.
arohana: S R (R)g, (R)g M P d n S'
avarohana: S' d n P M P (M)g, (M)g M (S)R, S
For reference, the set of notes in the Asavari thaat is S R g M P d n, and for Darbari, the role of the komal gandhar is crucial, as is dwelling on the lower komal dhaivat for some time.
Other ragas in the Kanada family include , Abhogi Kanada, Shahana Kanada, , Bageshree Kanada and Adana. (see Adana is part of the Kanada Raga group)
Important recordings[]
- Amir Khan, Raagaas Maarwa and Darbaari, Odeon LP (long-playing record), ODEON-MOAE 103, later reissued by HMV as EMI-EALP1253, critically regarded as a benchmark for both Maarwa and Darbaari.
- Pt. D. V. Paluskar, Jhanak Jhanakva More Bitchuwa, Golden Milestones, D. V. Paluskar. This is actually closer to raag Adaana than Darbaari.
- East Atlanta rapper JID, samples the Darbaari raga on his song 151 Rum (song)
In Carnatic music[]
It is an ubhaya vakra sampurna rāgam derived from the 20th melakarta rāgam Natabhairavi.[4] Its ārohaṇa-avarohaṇa structure is as follows (see swaras in Carnatic music for details on the notations used):
This scale uses the notes chatusruti rishabham, sadharana gandharam, shuddha madhyamam, shuddha dhaivatham, kaisiki nishadham.[4]
Compositions in Carnatic music[]
Govardhana Giridhara by [citation needed]
Nee ninaindhal by [citation needed]
Pâdodhi Kanyakâm by Kalyani Varadarajan[citation needed]
Devan ke pati Indra by Swathi Thirunal
Film Songs[]
Language: Tamil[]
Song | Movie | Composer | Singer |
---|---|---|---|
Maravai Puthainthavodu | Thiruneelakantar | Papanasam Sivan | M. K. Thyagaraja Bhagavathar |
Mullai Malar Mele | Uthama Puthiran | G. Ramanathan | T. M. Soundararajan, P. Susheela |
Azhagu Dheivam | Pesum Dheivam | K. V. Mahadevan | |
Chinna Siriya Vannaparavai | Kungumam | T. M. Soundararajan, S. Janaki | |
Nee Varavillaiyenil Aadharavedhu | Mangaiyar Thilakam | Susarla Dakshinamurthi | M. Sathyam |
Bagavaane Mounam Eno | Rambaiyin Kaadhal | T. R. Pappa | Seerkazhi Govindarajan |
Ponn Enbean Siru | Policekaran Magal | Viswanathan–Ramamoorthy | P. B. Sreenivas, S. Janaki |
Naanichivandhana | Karnan (1964 film) | Thiruchi Loganathan | |
Vasanthathil Orr Naal | Moondru Dheivangal | M. S. Viswanathan | P. Susheela |
Thiruppugazhai Pada Pada | Gowri Kalyanam | ||
Kelviyin Nayagane | Apoorva Raagangal | Vani Jairam | |
Indha Pachaikillikoru | Needhikku Thalaivanangu | K. J. Yesudas, S. Varalakshmi | |
Kanavugale Aayiram | T. M. Soundararajan, P. Susheela | ||
Maruthamalai Maamaniye | Dheivam | Kunnakudi Vaidyanathan | Madurai Somu |
Isaimedaiyil Intha Velayil | Ilamai Kaalangal | Illayaraja | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, S. Janaki |
Vidhaitha Vidhai | Ethanai Konam Ethanai Parvai | Deepan Chakravarthy,B. S. Sasirekha | |
Poomaalai Vaangi Vanthaan | Sindhu Bhairavi | K.J. Yesudas | |
Kalyana Thennila | Mounam Sammadham | K.J. Yesudas, K.S. Chitra | |
Agaya Vennilavey | Arangetra Velai | K.J. Yesudas, Uma Ramanan | |
Marugo Marugo | Sathileelavathi | Kamal Haasan, K.S. Chitra | |
Mannava Mannava | Walter Vetrivel | Sunandha | |
Enakku Piditha Paadal (Jonpuri Traces) | Julie Ganapathi | Vijay Yesudas, Shreya Ghoshal | |
Antha Indira Logame | Ponnu Pidichirukku | Chandrabose | S. Janaki |
Pudhu Vellai Mazhai | Roja | A. R. Rahman | Unni Menon, Sujatha Mohan |
Kaatre En Vasal | Rhythm | P. Unnikrishnan, Kavita Krishnamurthy | |
Kelamal Kaiyile | Azhagiya Tamil Magan | Sriram Parthasarathy, Saindhavi | |
Oru Deivam Thantha Poove | Kannathil Muthamittal | P. Jayachandran, Chinmayi | |
Thenmerku Paruva Kaatru | Karuththamma | P. Unnikrishnan, K.S. Chitra, Vikram | |
Naane Varugiren | Ok Kanmani | Sathya Prakash, Shashaa Tirupati | |
Malare Mounama | Karnaa | Vidyasagar | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, S. Janaki |
Nee Kaatru Naan Maram | Nilaave Vaa | Hariharan, K.S. Chitra | |
Atri Thingal | Sivappathigaram | Madhu Balakrishnan, Sujatha Mohan | |
Orey Manam | Villain (2002 film) | Hariharan, Nithyasree Mahadevan | |
Ennai Konja Konja(Raga Malhar touches) | Aathi | Hariharan, Sujatha Mohan | |
Malaikaatru vanthu | Vedham | Hariharan, Mahalakshmi Iyer | |
Thenamara Thoopukulle | Therku Theru Machan | Deva | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, S. Janaki |
Eppadi Eppadi | Indhu | ||
Tajmahale | Periya Thambi | Hariharan, Anuradha Sriram | |
Un Uthattora | Panchalankurichi | ||
Paatha Kolusu Saththam | Shenbhagam | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam | |
Thalaiva Naan | Gandhi Pirantha Mann | Kuzhandhai Velu, S. Janaki | |
Vinnothaney | Thennavan | Yuvan Shankar Raja | Srinivas, Mahalakshmi Iyer |
Malargale Malaravendam | Pudhukottaiyilirundhu Saravanan | Bombay Jayashree | |
Pookal Pookum | Madrasapattinam | G. V. Prakash Kumar | Roop Kumar Rathod, Harini, Andrea Jeremiah & G. V. Prakash Kumar |
Azhagu | Saivam | Uthara Unnikrishnan(National Award for Best Female playback singer) | |
Manasellam Mazhaiye | Saguni | Sonu Nigam, Saindhavi & G. V. Prakash Kumar | |
Uyirin Uyire | Thaandavam | Saindhavi, G. V. Prakash Kumar,Sathya Prakash | |
Nee Malaraa Malaraa | Arputham | Shiva | P. Unnikrishnan, K.S. Chitra |
Kuzhanthaikku Pasiyeduthal | Mani Rathnam | Sirpy | Arunmozhi, Sujatha Mohan |
Chillendru | Ezhumalai | Mani Sharma | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, Sujatha Mohan |
Konjam Thenkasi(Charanam in Nattai) | Thenkasi Pattanam | Suresh Peters | K.S. Chitra, Srinivas,Sriram |
Velli Nilavae | Eeswaran | S. Thaman | ML Gayatri |
Language: Malayalam[]
Song | Movie | Composer | Singer |
---|---|---|---|
Ariyathe Ariyathe | Ravanaprabhu | Suresh Peters | K.S. Chitra, P. Jayachandran |
Aayiram Padasarangal | Nadi | G. Devarajan | K. J. Yesudas |
Dukhame | Pushpanjali | M. K. Arjunan | K. J. Yesudas |
Shivadam Shivanamam | Mazhavillu | Mohan Sithara | MG Sreekumar, KS Chithra |
See also[]
- List of Film Songs based on Ragas
Notes[]
References[]
- ^ Hindustani Sangeetha Paddhati (4 volumes, Marathi) (1909–1932). Vishnu Narayan Bhatkhande. Sangeet Karyalaya (1990 reprint). ISBN 81-85057-35-4.This book, which establishes the Thaat system, has been widely translated.
- ^ Raganidhi by P. Subba Rao, Pub. 1964, The Music Academy of Madras
- ^ Rajan P. Parrikar (11 December 2000). "The Kanada Constellation (Part 1/3)". South Asian Women's Forum. Retrieved 11 April 2007.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Ragas in Carnatic music by Dr. S. Bhagyalekshmy, Pub. 1990, CBH Publications
External links[]
- Hindustani ragas
- Janya Ragas