Sankarabharanam (raga)
Mela | 29th, Dheera Shankaraabharanam |
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Chakra | Bāṇa |
Arohanam | S R₂ G₃ M₁ P D₂ N₃ Ṡ |
Avarohanam | Ṡ N₃ D₂ P M₁ G₃ R₂ S |
Synonym | Dheera Shankaraabharanam |
Equivalent |
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Carnatic music |
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Concepts |
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Compositions |
Instruments |
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Dhīraśankarābharaṇaṃ, commonly known as Śankarābharaṇaṃ, is a rāga in Carnatic music. It is the 29th Melakarta rāga in the 72 Melakarta rāga system of Carnatic music. Since this raga has many Gamakās (ornamentations), it is glorified as "Sarva Gamaka Maaṇika Rakti Rāgaṃ".
By scale wise, the Śankarābharaṇaṃ scale corresponds to Bilaval in the Hindustani music system. The Western equivalent is the major scale, or the Ionian mode.[1][2] Hence this rāga is one of the most popular scales across the world, known with different names in different musical styles.
Its nature is mellifluous and smooth. This rāga offers a large scope for compositions. It is ideal for a melodious, but still laid back majestic presentation.
Structure and Lakshana[]
It is the 5th rāga in the 5th Chakra Bāṇa. The mnemonic name is Bāṇa-Ma. The mnemonic phrase is sa ri ga ma pa da ni sa[1] Its ārohaṇa-avarohaṇa structure is as follows (see swaras in Carnatic music for details on below notation and terms):
The notes in this scale are shadjam, chatushruti rishabham, antara gandharam, shuddha madhyamam, paṅchamam, chatushruti dhaivatam and Kakali Nishadam. As it is a Melakarta rāga, by definition it is a Sampurṇa rāga (has all seven notes in ascending and descending scale). It is the Shuddha Madhyamam equivalent of 65th Melakarta rāga Kaḷyāṇi.
Janya Rāgas[]
Due to the even spacing of svarās, many janya rāgas can be derived from Śaņkarābharaṇaṃ. It is one of the melakarta rāgas that has high number of Janya rāgas (derived scales) associated with it.
Many of the Janya rāgas are very popular on their own, lending themselves to elaboration, interpretation and evoking different moods. Some of them are Arabhi, Atana, Bilahari, Devagaandhaari, Jana Ranjani, Hamsadhvani, Kadanakutuhalam, Niroshta, Shuddha Sāveri, Pahādi, Purnachandrika, Janaranjani, Kedaram, Kurinji, Navroj, Sarasvati-manohari, Naagadhvani etc.
See List of Janya rāgas for full list of rāgas associated with Śaṃkarābharaṇaṃ.
Compositions[]
Śankarābharaṇaṃ has been decorated with compositions by almost all composers. A few of the compositions are listed here.
- Chalamela,a popular Adathaalavarnam by Maharaja Swathi Thirunal in Telugu
- Nrityati Nrityati By Swati Thirunal
- Eduṭa Nilacitē, Bhakti Bhikṣamīyave, Maryāda Kādurā, Svararāgasudhārasa, Sundarēśvaruṇi, Manasu Svādhīnamaina and Eṃduku Peddalavalē by Tyagaraja in Telugu.
- Dakṣhiṇāmūrtē, Sadāśivam Upāsmahē, Akṣhayaliṃgavibho and Śrī kamalāmbā by Muthuswami Dikshitar in Sanskrit
- Pogadirēlo Ranga, Kande naa kanasinali, Enagu aane by Purandara Dasa in Kannada
- Yenu Olle Hariye By Kanaka Dasa
- Sarōjadala Nētri and Dēvī Mīnānētri by Syama Sastri in Telugu
- Devi Jagath Janani,Bhaktha Paraayana by Swathi Thirunal Maharaja in Sanskrit
- Alarulu Kuriyaga Āḍinadē by Annamacharya in Telugu
- Samakarardha Sariirini by Saint Gnanananda Teertha (Ogirala Veeraraghava Sarma) in Telugu
Muthuswami Dikshitar also has a list of 22 "Nottu Svara" compositions, based on Western Major Scale notes to his credit.
Related rāgas[]
This section covers the theoretical and scientific aspect of this rāga.
Śaṃkarābharaṇaṃ's notes when shifted using Graha bhedam, yields 5 other major Melakarta rāgas, namely, Kaḷyāṇi, Hanumatodi, Natabhairavi, Kharaharapriya and Harikambhoji. Graha bhedam is the step taken in keeping the relative note frequencies same, while shifting the shadjam to the next note in the rāga. Refer table below for illustration of this concept.
Rāga | Mela # | C | D | E | F | G | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | A | B | C | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Śaṃkarābharaṇaṃ | 29 | S | R2 | G3 | M1 | P | D2 | N3 | S' | R2' | G3' | M1' | P' | D2' | N3' | S' ' | ||||||||||
Kharaharapriya | 22 | S | R2 | G2 | M1 | P | D2 | N2 | S' | |||||||||||||||||
Hanumatodi | 08 | S | R1 | G2 | M1 | P | D1 | N2 | S' | |||||||||||||||||
Kaḷyāṇi | 65 | S | R2 | G3 | M2 | P | D2 | N3 | S' | |||||||||||||||||
Harikambhoji | 28 | S | R2 | G3 | M1 | P | D2 | N2 | S' | |||||||||||||||||
Natabhairavi | 20 | S | R2 | G2 | M1 | P | D1 | N2 | S' | |||||||||||||||||
Not a Melakarta | -- | S | R1 | G2 | M1 | M2 | D1 | N2 | S' | |||||||||||||||||
Shankarābharanam | 29 | S | R2 | G3 | M1 | P | D2 | N3 | S' |
Notes on above table
C as the base for Śaṃkarābharaṇaṃ is chosen for above illustration only for convenience, as Carnatic music does not enforce strict frequency/note structure. The shadjam (S) is fixed by the artist as per the vocal range or the instrument's base frequency. All the other svarams are relative to this shadjam, falling into a geometric progression-like frequency pattern.
The 7th Graha bhedam of Śaṃkarābharaṇaṃ has both madhyamams (Ma) and no panchamam (Pa) and hence will not be considered a valid melakarta (rāga having all 7 swarams and only 1 of each). This is only a classification issue with respect to melakarta scales, while this structure could be theoretically used well to create good music (probably needs an expert).
Interesting features[]
The swaras are regularly spaced in these ragas. Hence these six ragas give very good melody, scope for elaboration, experimentation and exploration of phrases. In practice, Natabhairavi is not elaborated extensively much. Harikambhoji is taken up for elaboration, but not as much as the rest of the 4 ragas, namely, Śaṃkarābharaṇaṃ, Todi, Kaḷyāṇi and Kharaharapriya. One of these 4 rāgas is sung as the main rāga in a concert quite often.
As can be seen in the illustration, these rāgas can be played using just the white keys of a piano/ organ/ keyboard (rāga in simplified fashion).
Film Songs: Tamil[]
Song | Movie | Composer | Singer |
---|---|---|---|
Chandrodhayam Idhile | Kannagi | S. V. Venkatraman | P. U. Chinnappa |
Madi Meethu | Annai Illam | K V Mahadevan | T. M. Soundararajan, P. Susheela |
Konji Konji Pesi | Kaithi Kannayiram | P. Susheela | |
Manam Padaithen | Kandhan Karunai | ||
Aththaan En Aththaan | Paava Mannippu | Viswanathan–Ramamoorthy | |
Kaadhellenum Vadivam Kanden | Bhagyalakshmi | ||
Kaana Vandha Kaatchiyenna | |||
Enna Enna Vaarththaigalo | Vennira Aadai | ||
Ore Raagam Ore Thaalam | Manapanthal | ||
Kaatru Vandhal | Kathiruntha Kangal | P. B. Sreenivas, P. Susheela | |
Kanpadume Pirar Kanpadume | P. B. Sreenivas | ||
Paadadha Paatellam | Veerathirumagan | ||
Maadi Mele Maadikati | Kadhalikka Neramillai | ||
Enna Paarvai | K. J. Yesudas, P. Susheela | ||
Kaadhalika Neramillai | Sirkazhi Govindarajan | ||
Roja Malare Raajakumari | Veerathirumagan | P. B. Sreenivas, P. Susheela | |
Poga Poga Theriyum | Server Sundaram | ||
Andru Vandhadhum | Periya Idathu Penn | T. M. Soundararajan, P. Susheela | |
Naan Maanthoppil | Enga Veettu Pillai | ||
Aandavan Padachan | Nichaya Thaamboolam | T. M. Soundararajan | |
Adho Andha Paravai Pola | Aayirathil Oruvan | ||
Naan Kavignanum Ilai | Padithal Mattum Podhuma | ||
Moondrezhuthil En Moochu | Dheiva Thaai | ||
Kadhal Embadhu | Paadha Kaanikkai | P. B. Sreenivas, P. Susheela, L. R. Eswari, J. P. Chandrababu | |
Epo Vechikalam | Bandha Pasam | J. P. Chandrababu | |
Enna Paravai Sirakadithu | Karthigai Deepam | R. Sudarsanam | T. M. Soundararajan(ver 1), P. Susheela(ver 2) |
Pudhu Naadagathil | Ooty Varai Uravu | M. S. Viswanathan | T. M. Soundararajan |
Kettavarellam Paadalam | Thangai | ||
Anubhavi Raja Anubhavi | Anubavi Raja Anubavi | P. Susheela, L. R. Eswari | |
Maanendru Pennukoru | P. Susheela | ||
Naan Paadum Paatile | Bhavani | ||
Love Birds | Anbe Vaa | ||
Maharaja Oru Maharaani | Iru Malargal | T. M. Soundararajan, Shoba Chandrasekhar | |
Enni Irundhadhu
(Ragam Neelambari Touches) |
Andha 7 Naatkal | Malaysia Vasudevan, Vani Jairam | |
Vidiya Vidiya Solli | Pokkiri Raja | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, P. Susheela | |
Dil Dil Dil Manadhil | Mella Thirandhathu Kadhavu | ||
Aadungal Paadungal | Guru | Ilaiyaraaja | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam |
Pudhucheri Katcheri | Singaravelan | ||
Thene Thenpaandi | Udaya Geetham | ||
Nilaave Vaa | Mouna Ragam | ||
Yerikkarai Poongaatre Nee Pora Vazhi | Thooral Ninnu Pochchu | K. J. Yesudas | |
Thaalattudhe Vaanam | Kadal Meengal | P. Jayachandran, S. Janaki | |
Pudhu Maapilaiku | Apoorva Sagodharargal | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, S. P. Sailaja | |
Aalapol Vellapol | Ejamaan | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, K. S. Chithra | |
Paarthathenna Paarvai | Naangal | ||
Indha Minminiku | Sigappu Rojakkal | Malaysia Vasudevan, S. Janaki | |
Malaiyaala Karaiyoram | Rajadhi Raja | Mano | |
Germaniyin Senthen Malare | Ullasa Paravaigal | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, S. Janaki | |
Anjali Anjali Anjali | Anjali | Sathya, Karthik Raja, Yuvan Shankar Raja,
Bhavatharini, Venkat Prabhu, Premji Amaran, Parthi Bhaskar,Hari Bhaskar,Vaishnavi | |
Thulli Ezhunthathu | Geethanjali | Ilaiyaraaja | |
Kanmani Anbodu Kadhalan | Gunaa | Kamal Haasan, S. Janaki | |
Kuzhaloodhum Kannanuku | Mella Thirandhathu Kadhavu | K. S. Chithra | |
Dillu Baru Jaane | Kalaignan | Mano, K. S. Chithra | |
Nila Kaayum Neeram | Chembaruthi | Mano, S. Janaki | |
Paattu Poove | |||
April Mayilae | Idhayam | Ilaiyaraaja, Deepan Chakravarthy, S.N.Surendar | |
Naan Erikarai | Chinna Thayee | K. J. Yesudas, Swarnalatha, Ilaiyaraaja(Pathos) | |
O Vennila | Kadhal Desam | A. R. Rahman | Unni Krishnan |
Kandukondain Kandukondain(Ragam Nalinakanthi Touches also) | Kandukondain Kandukondain | Hariharan, Mahalakshmi Iyer | |
Aalala Kanda (charanam in Charukesi, Mazhai thuli in hariKambhoji) | Sangamam | Hariharan, M. S. Vishwanathan | |
Ini Achcham Achcham Illai | Indira | Sujatha Mohan, Anuradha Sriram, G. V. Prakash, Shweta Mohan, Esther | |
Thoda Thoda Malarndhadhenna | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, K. S. Chithra | ||
Kangalil Enne | Uzhavan | ||
Pennalla Pennalla | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam | ||
Moongilile Paatisaikum Kaatralaiyai | Raagam Thedum Pallavi | T. Rajendar | |
Mazhaiyum Neeye | Azhagan | Maragadha Mani | |
Sa Sa Sa Sani thapa niveathaa | Nee Pathi Naan Pathi | ||
Naadodi Paattu Paada | Harichandra | Agosh | |
Enna Kathai Solla | Annanagar Mudhal Theru | Chandrabose | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, K. S. Chithra |
Vanampadi Padum Neram | Ellame En Thangachi | Shankar–Ganesh | |
Oh Nenje | Darling, Darling, Darling | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, S. P. Charan,Pallavi, Vasanth | |
Shenbaga Poovai | Paasamalargal | V. S. Narasimhan | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, Sujatha Mohan |
Nalam Nalamariya Aval | Kadhal Kottai | Deva | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, Anuradha Sriram |
Pulveli Pulveli | Aasai | K. S. Chithra, Unni Krishnan(Humming only) | |
Yeno Yeno | Appu | Hariharan, Sujatha, Harini | |
Sollathae | Sollamale | Bobby | Hariharan, K. S. Chithra |
Aval Ulaghazhagi | Lesa Lesa | Harris Jayaraj | Karthik |
Enna Ithu Enna Ithu | Nala Damayanthi | Ramesh Vinayakam | Ramesh Vinayakam,Chinmayi |
Naan Nee | Madras | Santhosh Narayanan | Shakthisree Gopalan,Dhee |
Rakita Rakita Rakita | Jagame Thanthiram | Dhanush, Santhosh Narayanan |
Janya 1:Ragam Pahadi/Pahari[]
It is an evening raga that combines both playful and pensive aspects. It is characterized by a very charming, folksy flavor.Peace, power, pathos. Pahadi is a Kashimiri folk melody in its origin, is a simple raga one may think of it as a dhoon.
Ascending: S R2 G3 P D2 P D2 S’
Descending:N3 D2 P G3 M1 G3 R2 S N3 D2 P D2 S
Film Songs: Tamil[]
Song | Movie | Composer | Singer |
---|---|---|---|
Kodi Kodi Inbam | Aadavantha Deivam | K. V. Mahadevan | T. R. Mahalingam, P. Susheela, P. Leela |
Unnai Arinthaal | Vettaikkaran | T. M. Soundararajan | |
Katti Thangam Vetti | Thayai Katha Thanayan | ||
Neela Chelai Katti Konda | Thiruvilaiyadal | P. Susheela | |
Aththai Magane | Paadha Kaanikkai | Viswanathan–Ramamoorthy | |
Kannuku Kulam Yedu | Karnan | ||
Thannilavu Theniraikka | Padithal Mattum Podhuma | ||
Pakkathu Veettu Paruva Machaan | Karpagam | ||
Vaa Endrathu | Kathiruntha Kangal | ||
Yaar Yaar Aval | Pasamalar | P. B. Sreenivas, P. Susheela | |
Thulli Thirintha | Kathiruntha Kangal | P. B. Sreenivas | |
Naadu Athai Naadu | Nadodi | T. M. Soundararajan, P. Susheela | |
Manam Ennum Medai Mele | Vallavanukku Vallavan | Vedha | |
Innum Parthukondirunthal | Vallavan Oruvan | ||
Ponmeni Thazhuvamal(Reused tune) | Yaar Nee? | P. Susheela | |
Pachai Maram Ontru | Ramu | M. S. Viswanathan | |
Ippadiyor Thalattu | Avargal | S. Janaki | |
Vizhiye Kathai Ezhudhu | Urimaikural | K. J. Yesudas, P. Susheela | |
Bharathi Kannamma | Ninaithale Inikkum | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, Vani Jairam | |
Ore Jeevan | Neeya? | Shankar–Ganesh | |
Pullankuzhal Mozhi Tamil | Oorum Uravum | ||
Ore Naal Unnai Naan | Ilamai Oonjal Aadukirathu | Ilaiyaraaja | |
Vaan Megangale | Puthiya Vaarpugal | Malaysia Vasudevan, S. Janaki | |
Pani Vizhum Poo Nilave | Thaipongal | Malaysia Vasudevan, S. P. Sailaja | |
Alli Thantha Bhoomi | Nandu | Malaysia Vasudevan | |
Vizhiyil En Vizhiyil | Ram Lakshman | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, P. Susheela | |
Oru Iniya Manathu | Johnny | Sujatha Mohan | |
Azhagae Azhagu | Raja Paarvai | K. J. Yesudas | |
Magizham Poove Unnai Parthu | Puthiya Adimaigal | K. J. Yesudas, P. Susheela | |
Ramanin Mohanam | Netrikkan | K. J. Yesudas, S. Janaki | |
Engey Enn Jeevane | Uyarndha Ullam | ||
Chinna Chinna Sol Eduthu | Rajakumaran | ||
Seer Kondu Vaa | Naan Paadum Paadal | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, S. Janaki | |
Mounamana Neram | Salangai Oli | ||
Salaiyoram | Payanangal Mudivathillai | ||
Nilavondru Kanden | Kairasikkaran | ||
Kannil Enna | Un Kannil Neer Vazhindal | ||
Vaa Vennila | Mella Thirandhathu Kadhavu | ||
Vaigai Nathioram | Rickshaw Mama | ||
Koondukulla Unna Vachu | Chinna Gounder | ||
Nadu Samathile | Thirumathi Palanisamy | ||
Kuthalakuyile Kuthalakuyile | Malaysia Vasudevan, Minmini | ||
Ennodu Paattu Paadungal | Udaya Geetham | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam | |
Poguthae Poguthae | Kadalora Kavithaigal | ||
Yedhedho Ennam Valarthen | Punnagai Mannan | K. S. Chithra | |
Ninaitthathu Yaro | Paattukku Oru Thalaivan | Mano, Jikki | |
Indha Maan Unthan Sontha Maan | Karakattakkaran | Ilaiyaraaja, K. S. Chithra | |
Vechalum Vekkama Ponnalum | Michael Madana Kama Rajan | Malaysia Vasudevan, S. Janaki | |
Dhoori Dhoori Manathil Oru Dhoori | Innisai Mazhai | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, Shoba Chandrasekhar | |
Oru Kolakili Sonnathey | Pon Vilangu | P. Jayachandran,Sunandha | |
Kezhukkaale Sevathu | Nattupura Pattu | , Devie Neithiyar | |
Poovarasan Poove | Kadavul | , Sujatha Mohan | |
Poo Poothadu | Mumbai Xpress | Sonu Nigam, Shreya Ghoshal, Shaan | |
Pungatru Un Peru Solla | Vettri Vizhaa | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, K. S. Chithra | |
Marugo Marugo | |||
Adi Vaanmathi | Siva | ||
Ennatthil Yedho | Kallukkul Eeram | S. Janaki | |
Raasave Unna Nambi | Muthal Mariyathai | ||
Thanner Kudam | Sakkarai Devan | ||
Alli Alli Veesuthama | Atha Maga Rathiname | Gangai Amaran | |
Yedho Nadakkirathu | Manithan | Chandrabose | K. J. Yesudas, K. S. Chithra |
Neela Kuyilgal Rendu | Viduthalai | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, Chandrabose and chorus | |
Medhuva Meduva | Annanagar Mudhal Theru | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, K. S. Chithra | |
Manasula Enna Nenache | Periya Idathu Pillai | K. J. Yesudas, P. Susheela | |
Mela Mela Nadanthu | Urimai Geetham | Manoj–Gyan | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam,Vidhya |
Thulli Thulli Pogum Penne | Velicham | K. J. Yesudas | |
Kangala Minnala | Endrendrum Kadhal | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, K. S. Chithra | |
O Thendrale | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam | ||
Megam Andha Megam | Aayiram Pookkal Malarattum | V. S. Narasimman | |
Maiyil Thogai | Ragasiya Police | Laxmikant–Pyarelal | |
Innum Konjam | Maryan | A. R. Rahman | Vijay Prakash, Swetha Mohan |
Chitthirai Nilavu | Vandicholai Chinraasu | P. Jayachandran, Minmini | |
Hosanna | Vinnaithaandi Varuvaayaa | Vijay Prakash, Suzanne, Blaaze | |
Moongil Thottam | Kadal | Abhay Jodhpurkar, Harini | |
Enakke Enakka | Jeans | P. Unnikrishnan, Pallavi | |
Unakaga
(Ragam Bihag touches also) |
Bigil | Sreekanth Hariharan, Madhura Dhara Talluri | |
Adhikaalai Naan Paadum Boopalamea | Pudhu Padagan | S.Thanu | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, K. S. Chithra |
Kathivaithu Kangal Irandum | Mannavaru Chinnavaru | Geethapriyan | Sukhwinder Singh,Ranjani |
Un Per Solla | Minsara Kanna | Deva | Hariharan, Sujatha Mohan |
Kottungadi Kummi | Surieyan | S. Janaki, S. P. Balasubrahmanyam | |
Oh Laali | Adimai Changili | Gopal Sharma, Swarnalatha | |
Oru Pen Pura | Annaamalai | K. J. Yesudas | |
Aasai Aasaiyai | Aanandham | S. A. Rajkumar | |
Poonthendrale Nee Padivaa | Manasukkul Mathappu | P. Jayachandran,Sunandha(ver 1)
K. S. Chithra(ver 2) | |
Oru Pouranami | Raja | Hariharan, Mahalakshmi Iyer | |
Irupathu Kodi Nilavugal | Thulladha Manamum Thullum | Hariharan | |
Maankutty Maankutty | Priyamaana Thozhi | Hariharan, Sujatha Mohan | |
Nadodi Mannargale | Vaaname Ellai | Maragadha Mani | K. S. Chithra & Chorus |
Pachchai Thee Neeyada | Baahubali: The Beginning | Karthik, Damini Bhatla | |
Enge Andha Vennila | Varushamellam Vasantham | Sirpy | Unni Menon |
Putham Puthu Oorukku | Chinna Madam | ||
Kannil Aadum Roja | Captain | Swarnalatha, S. P. Balasubrahmanyam | |
Puthu Roja Puthiruchu | Gokulam | Mano, Swarnalatha | |
Azhagooril Poothvale | Thirumalai | Vidyasagar | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, Sujatha Mohan |
Hitler Penne | Poi | Tippu, Sujatha Mohan | |
Eera Nila | Aravindhan | Yuvan Shankar Raja | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam,'Mahanadhi' Shobana |
Oh Mane Mane Maane | Rishi | Hariharan(ver 1), Sujatha Mohan(ver 2) | |
Thendrale Pesum Thendrale | Chandralekha(1994) | M.S.Geethan | K. S. Chithra, Mano |
Poove Vai Pesum Pothu | 12B | Harris Jayaraj | Mahalakshmi Iyer, Harish Raghavendra |
Pineaple Kannathodu | Samudhiram | Sabesh–Murali | Shankar Mahadevan, Sujatha Mohan |
Azhagu Katteri | Goripalayam | Surjith, Vijitha | |
May Madham | Shahjahan | Mani Sharma | Devan, Sujatha Mohan |
Aiythaaney Aiythaaney | Mudhal Idam | D. Imman | D. Imman, Chinmayi |
Janya 2:Ragam Maand[]
Mand or Maand is the famous style of singing in Rajasthan. It is well recognized in classical circles and this style is very important in folk-songs of Rajasthan. This is neither accepted as a full-fledged Raga nor is it reckoned among the freely rendered folk songs. It is very near the Thumri or the Ghazal. It is the exclusive contribution of Rajasthani folklore to the classical music of India. It is the Rajasthan's most sophisticated style of folk music and is most exclusive contribution to the classical music of India. The basic format belongs to the folk tune of which is sung during festive occasions like birthday and marriages. The famous Rajasthani song Kesariya Balam is in the Mand style. Some famous Mand singers are: Allah Jilai Bai from Bikaner, Mangi Bai Arya from Udaipur and last but not the least Gavari Bai (also known as Gavri Devi) from Jodhpur.
Ascending: S G3 M1 D2 N3 S
Descending:S N3 D2 P M1 G3 R2 S
Carnatic Compositions[]
- Maand Thillana by Lalgudi Jayaraman
- Paindhaane Hanuman by Arunachala Kavi
- Ramanai Bhajithaal by Papanasam Sivan
- Aadugindraan Kannan by Suddhanandha Bharathi
- Muralidhara Gopala by Periyasamy Thooran popularised by ML Vasanthakumari
- Aarumo Aaval by Kannan Iyengar, another song popularised by MLV
- Neeraja Dhala Nayana by Sambasiva Iyer popularised by Maharajapuram Santhanam
- Vaanathin Meedhu Mayilaada by Ramalinga Adigal popularised by MS Subbulakshmi
Film Songs: Tamil[]
Song | Movie | Composer | Singer |
---|---|---|---|
Maasila Nilave
(Ragamalika:Maand,Khambodhi,Punnagavarali) |
Ambikapathy | G. Ramanathan | T. M. Soundararajan, P. Bhanumathi |
Ulavum Thendral | Manthiri Kumari | Thiruchi Loganathan, Jikki | |
Aaduvome Pallu Paaduvome | Naam Iruvar | R. Sudarsanam | D. K. Pattammal |
Aayiram Kan Podhadhu | Paavai Vilakku | K. V. Mahadevan | C. S. Jayaraman |
Oru Naal Podhuma | Thiruvilaiyadal | M. Balamuralikrishna | |
Kumari Pennin | Enga Veettu Pillai | Viswanathan–Ramamoorthy | T. M. Soundararajan, P. Susheela |
Nenjam Marappathillai | Nenjam Marappathillai | P. B. Sreenivas, P. Susheela | |
Azhage Vaa | Aandavan Kattalai | P. Susheela | |
Aayiram Penmai Malaratume | Vaazhkai Padagu | ||
Aayiram Pookkal | Aayiram Pookkal Malarattum | V.S.Narasimhan | |
Kadhal Enbathu | Naalai Namadhe | M. S. Viswanathan | K. J. Yesudas, P. Susheela |
Naan Endral Adhu Avalum | Suryagandhi | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, J. Jayalalithaa | |
Nadanai Kandeanadi
(Ragam kathanakuthuhalam touches in charanam) |
Rajaraja Cholan | Kunnakudi Vaidyanathan | P. Susheela,B. Radha |
Raasaave Unna Naan Ennithan | Thanikattu Raja | Ilayaraja | S. P. Sailaja |
Kungumam Thaane Oru Pennukku | Raja Enga Raja | ||
Chellapillai Saravanan | Penjenmam | K. J. Yesudas, P. Susheela | |
Kuyiley Kuyiley | Pulan Visaranai | K. J. Yesudas,Uma Ramanan | |
Yele Ilankiliye & Singara Cheemaiyile | Ninaivu Chinnam | P. Susheela(ver 1),Ilayaraja(ver 2) | |
Dhoori Dhoori | Thendral Sudum | S. Janaki,Yuvan Shankar Raja,Bhavatharini,P. Susheela(Pathos) | |
Vanna Chindhu | Koyil Kaalai | Mano, S. Janaki | |
Adichen Kadhal Parisu | Ponmana Selvan | Mano, K. S. Chitra | |
Machan Un Machini | Raman Abdullah | Malgudi Subha | |
Chinna Kuyil Paadum Pattu | Poove Poochooda Vaa | K. S. Chitra | |
Vaanaththil Irunthu
(Ragamalika:Mohanam,Maand) |
Vellaiya Thevan | , Uma Ramanan | |
Sinagarama Nalla
(in charanam) |
Periya Marudhu | Uma Ramanan | |
Aalappol Velappol
(Ragam Shankarabharanam touches also) |
Ejamaan | S. P. Balasubramaniam, K. S. Chitra | |
Anjali Anjali | Duet | A. R. Rahman | |
Maanooththu Manthaiyile | Kizhakku Cheemayile | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, Sasirekha | |
Sowkiyama Kannae | Sangamam | Nithyashree Mahadevan | |
Swasame Swasame
(Ragamalika:Kedar/Hamirkalyani,Maand) |
Thenali | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, Sadhana Sargam | |
Khwaja Endhan Khwaja | Jodhaa Akbar | A. R. Rahman | |
Aye Mr.Minor! | Kaaviya Thalaivan | Shashaa Tirupati, Haricharan | |
Maya Maya | Sarvam Thaala Mayam | Chinmayi | |
O Meghame | Chinna Chinna Aasaigal | Chandrabose | K. J. Yesudas, Vani Jairam |
Sathi Malli Poocharame | Azhagan | Maragadha Mani | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam |
Marakamudiyavillai | Jaathi Malli | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, K. S. Chitra | |
Paithiyamaanene | Kadal Pookkal | Deva | Harini, P. Unnikrishnan |
Putham Pudhu Malargal | Kaalamellam Kadhal Vaazhga | K. S. Chitra | |
Kaddu Thirande Kidakinrathu | Vasool Raja MBBS | Bharadwaj | Hariharan, Sadhana Sargam |
Narayana Narayana | Ramanujan | Ramesh Vinayakam | Vani Jayaram, Karthik Suresh |
Sandana Poongatrae | Azhagiya Theeye | Lavanya, Ramesh Vinayakam | |
Yaaroodum | Sollakkathai | Chinmayi, Ramesh Vinayakam | |
Un Kannanguzhiyil | Thittam Irandu | Satish Raghunathan | Karthika Vaidyanathan |
Janya 3:Ragam Begada[]
Ascending: S G3 R2 G3 M1 P D2 P S
Descending:S N3 D2 P M1 G3 R2
Carnatic Compositions[]
- Naadopasana, Nee pada pankaja by Thyagaraja
- Thyagaraja namasthe and vallabha nayakasya by Dikshitar
- Varuvar azhaithu vaadi, an arutpa by Ramalinga Adigal
- Ganarasamudan nin, bhuvaneshwari by Papanasam Sivan
- Vaa Muruga Vaa by Spencer Venugopal
- Nandri kooruvame by T Lakshmana Pillai
- Shankari neeve by Subbaraya Sastri
- Kalayami raghuramam by Swati Thirunal
- Kadaikkan vaithennai by Ramasamy Sivan
- Abimanamennadu galgu, manasuna nera by Patnam Subramaniya Iyer
- Elle ilangiliye, a Thiruppavai
Film Songs: Tamil[]
Song | Movie | Composer | Singer |
---|---|---|---|
Nijama Idhu Nijama | Haridas | Papanasam Sivan | M. K. Thyagaraja Bhagavathar |
Notes[]
References[]
- Melakarta ragas