List of Major League Baseball annual ERA leaders
In baseball, earned run average (ERA) is a statistic used to evaluate pitchers, calculated as the mean of earned runs given up by a pitcher per nine innings pitched.[a] A pitcher is assessed an earned run for each run scored by a baserunner who reached base while batting against that pitcher, whether by hit, base on balls or "walk", or being hit by a pitched ball;[1] an earned run can be charged after the pitcher is relieved if he allows the runner before leaving the game.[2] Runs scored by players who reach base on errors, passed balls, or catcher interference under special circumstances are treated as unearned runs, and do not count towards the pitcher's ERA.[2]
Major League Baseball recognizes the player in each league[b] with the lowest earned run average each season.[c] The first ERA champion in the National League was George Bradley; in the National League's inaugural 1876 season, Bradley posted a 1.23 ERA for the St. Louis Brown Stockings, allowing 78 earned runs in 573 innings pitched.[3] The American League was established in 1901, and Hall of Fame pitcher Cy Young led that league with a 1.62 ERA for the Boston Americans during the 1901 season.[4]
Over the course of his 17-year major league career, Lefty Grove led the American League in ERA nine times, with a career single-season low of 2.06 for the 1931 Philadelphia Athletics.[5] Roger Clemens has won the second-most ERA titles, capturing six in the American League and one in the National League.[6] Sandy Koufax led the National League in ERA for five consecutive seasons (1962–1966); Koufax' five awards are the most won consecutively by any player and are tied for the most awards by a player in the National League with Christy Mathewson and Clayton Kershaw.[7][8][9] In the American League, Walter Johnson also won five ERA titles,[10] and Pedro Martínez has won a total of five (four American League and one National League) with two different teams.[11]
The most recent ERA champions are Robbie Ray in the American League and Corbin Burnes in the National League.
The lowest single-season ERA in league history was posted by Tim Keefe, whose 0.86 ERA in 105 innings pitched for the National League's Troy Trojans in 1880 led his closest competitor by .52 runs.[12] In the American League, Dutch Leonard's 0.96 ERA is a single-season record.[13] Keefe and Leonard are the only two pitchers ever to allow less than one run per nine innings pitched in a single season. The widest margin of victory for an ERA champion is 1.96 runs, achieved when Martínez' 1.74 ERA led Clemens' 3.70 in the American League during the 2000 season. The largest margin of victory in the National League is 1.26 runs—Dazzy Vance's 2.61 ERA over Carl Hubbell's 3.87 in 1930. The smallest margin of victory for an ERA champion is .009 runs. Although the statistic is traditionally recorded to two decimal places by most sources,[14][15][16] the 1988 American League title was decided by a margin of less than one hundredth of a run when Allan Anderson's ERA of 2.446 (55 earned runs in 202+1⁄3 innings)[17] bested Teddy Higuera's 2.455 mark (62 earned runs in 227+1⁄3 innings).[18] Other contests decided by one hundredth or less include Luis Tiant's 1.91 ERA ahead of Gaylord Perry's 1.92 in 1972[19][20] and Mark Fidrych (2.34) over Vida Blue (2.35) in 1976.[21][22]
Key[]
Year | Links to the corresponding "year in baseball" or "Major League Baseball season" article |
---|---|
Leader | Player with the lowest earned run average (ERA) in the league |
Runner-up | Player with the second-best ERA in the league |
League | Denoted only for players outside of the modern major leagues |
† | Member of the National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum |
National League[]
Year | Leader | ERA | Team | Runner-up | ERA | Ref |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1876 | George Bradley | 1.23 | St. Louis Brown Stockings | Jim Devlin | 1.56 | [25] |
1877 | Tommy Bond | 2.11 | Boston Red Caps | Terry Larkin | 2.14 | [26] |
1878 | John Montgomery Ward† | 1.51 | Providence Grays | Jim McCormick | 1.69 | [27] |
1879 | Tommy Bond | 1.96 | Boston Red Caps | Will White | 1.99 | [28] |
1880 | Tim Keefe† | 0.86 | Troy Trojans | George Bradley | 1.38 | [29] |
1881 | Stump Wiedman | 1.80 | Detroit Wolverines | John Montgomery Ward† | 2.13 | [30] |
1882 | Larry Corcoran | 1.95 | Chicago White Stockings | Charles Radbourn† | 2.09 | [31] |
1883 | Jim McCormick | 1.84 | Cleveland Blues | Charles Radbourn† | 2.05 | [32] |
1884 | Charles Radbourn† | 1.38 | Providence Grays | Charlie Sweeney | 1.55 | [33] |
1885 | Tim Keefe† | 1.58 | New York Giants | Mickey Welch† | 1.66 | [34] |
1886 | Henry Boyle | 1.76 | St. Louis Maroons | Charlie Ferguson | 1.96 | [35] |
1887 | Dan Casey | 2.86 | Philadelphia Phillies | Pete Conway | 2.90 | [36] |
1888 | Tim Keefe† | 1.74 | New York Giants | Ben Sanders | 1.90 | [37] |
1889 | John Clarkson† | 2.73 | Boston Beaneaters | Jersey Bakley | 2.96 | [38] |
1890 | Billy Rhines | 1.95 | Cincinnati Reds | Kid Nichols† | 2.23 | [39] |
1891 | John Ewing | 2.27 | New York Giants | Kid Nichols† | 2.39 | [40] |
1892 | Cy Young† | 1.93 | Cleveland Spiders | Tim Keefe† | 2.36 | [41] |
1893 | Ted Breitenstein | 3.18 | St. Louis Browns | Amos Rusie† | 3.23 | [42] |
1894 | Amos Rusie† | 2.78 | New York Giants | Jouett Meekin | 3.70 | [43] |
1895 | Al Maul | 2.45 | Washington Senators | Pink Hawley | 3.18 | [44] |
1896 | Billy Rhines | 2.45 | Cincinnati Reds | Kid Nichols† | 2.83 | [45] |
1897 | Amos Rusie† | 2.54 | New York Giants | Kid Nichols† | 2.64 | [46] |
1898 | Clark Griffith† | 1.88 | Chicago Orphans | Al Maul | 2.10 | [47] |
1899 | Vic Willis† | 2.50 | Boston Beaneaters | Cy Young† | 2.58 | [48] |
1900 | Rube Waddell† | 2.37 | Pittsburgh Pirates | Ned Garvin | 2.41 | [49] |
1901 | Jesse Tannehill | 2.18 | Pittsburgh Pirates | Deacon Phillippe | 2.22 | [50] |
1902 | Jack Taylor | 1.33 | Chicago Orphans | Noodles Hahn | 1.77 | [51] |
1903 | Sam Leever | 2.06 | Pittsburgh Pirates | Christy Mathewson† | 2.26 | [52] |
1904 | Joe McGinnity† | 1.61 | New York Giants | Ned Garvin | 1.68 | [53] |
1905 | Christy Mathewson† | 1.28 | New York Giants | Ed Reulbach | 1.42 | [54] |
1906 | Mordecai Brown† | 1.04 | Chicago Cubs | Jack Pfiester | 1.51 | [55] |
1907 | Jack Pfiester | 1.15 | Chicago Cubs | Carl Lundgren | 1.17 | [56] |
1908 | Christy Mathewson† | 1.43 | New York Giants | Mordecai Brown† | 1.47 | [57] |
1909 | Christy Mathewson† | 1.14 | New York Giants | Mordecai Brown† | 1.31 | [58] |
1910 | King Cole | 1.80 | Chicago Cubs | Mordecai Brown† | 1.86 | [59] |
1911 | Christy Mathewson† | 1.99 | New York Giants | Lew Richie | 2.31 | [60] |
1912 | Jeff Tesreau | 1.96 | New York Giants | Christy Mathewson† | 2.12 | [61] |
1913 | Christy Mathewson† | 2.06 | New York Giants | Babe Adams | 2.15 | [62] |
1914 | Bill Doak | 1.72 | St. Louis Cardinals | Bill James | 1.90 | [63] |
1915 | Grover Cleveland Alexander† | 1.22 | Philadelphia Phillies | Fred Toney | 1.58 | [64] |
1916 | Grover Cleveland Alexander† | 1.55 | Philadelphia Phillies | Rube Marquard† | 1.58 | [65] |
1917 | Fred Anderson | 1.44 | New York Giants | Grover Cleveland Alexander† | 1.83 | [66] |
1918 | Hippo Vaughn | 1.74 | Chicago Cubs | Lefty Tyler | 2.00 | [67] |
1919 | Grover Cleveland Alexander† | 1.72 | Chicago Cubs | Hippo Vaughn | 1.79 | [68] |
1920 | Grover Cleveland Alexander† | 1.91 | Chicago Cubs | Babe Adams | 2.16 | [69] |
1921 | Bill Doak | 2.59 | St. Louis Cardinals | Babe Adams | 2.64 | [70] |
1922 | Phil Douglas | 2.63 | New York Giants | Rosy Ryan | 3.01 | [71] |
1923 | Dolf Luque | 1.93 | Cincinnati Reds | Eppa Rixey† | 2.80 | [72] |
1924 | Dazzy Vance† | 2.16 | Brooklyn Robins | Hugh McQuillan | 2.69 | [73] |
1925 | Dolf Luque | 2.63 | Cincinnati Reds | Eppa Rixey† | 2.88 | [74] |
1926 | Ray Kremer | 2.61 | Pittsburgh Pirates | Charlie Root | 2.82 | [75] |
1927 | Ray Kremer | 2.47 | Pittsburgh Pirates | Grover Cleveland Alexander† | 2.52 | [76] |
1928 | Dazzy Vance† | 2.09 | Brooklyn Robins | Sheriff Blake | 2.47 | [77] |
1929 | Bill Walker | 3.09 | New York Giants | Burleigh Grimes† | 3.13 | [78] |
1930 | Dazzy Vance† | 2.61 | Brooklyn Robins | Carl Hubbell† | 3.87 | [79] |
1931 | Bill Walker | 2.26 | New York Giants | Carl Hubbell† | 2.65 | [80] |
1932 | Lon Warneke | 2.37 | Chicago Cubs | Carl Hubbell† | 2.50 | [81] |
1933 | Carl Hubbell† | 1.66 | New York Giants | Lon Warneke | 2.00 | [82] |
1934 | Carl Hubbell† | 2.30 | New York Giants | Dizzy Dean† | 2.66 | [83] |
1935 | Cy Blanton | 2.58 | Pittsburgh Pirates | Bill Swift | 2.70 | [84] |
1936 | Carl Hubbell† | 2.31 | New York Giants | Danny MacFayden | 2.87 | [85] |
1937 | Jim Turner | 2.38 | Boston Bees | Cliff Melton | 2.61 | [86] |
1938 | Bill Lee | 2.66 | Chicago Cubs | Charlie Root | 2.86 | [87] |
1939 | Bucky Walters | 2.29 | Cincinnati Reds | Bob Bowman | 2.60 | [88] |
1940 | Bucky Walters | 2.48 | Cincinnati Reds | Claude Passeau | 2.50 | [89] |
1941 | Elmer Riddle | 2.24 | Cincinnati Reds | Whit Wyatt | 2.34 | [90] |
1942 | Mort Cooper | 1.78 | St. Louis Cardinals | Johnny Beazley | 2.13 | [91] |
1943 | Max Lanier | 1.90 | St. Louis Cardinals | Mort Cooper | 2.30 | [92] |
1944 | Ed Heusser | 2.38 | Cincinnati Reds | Bucky Walters | 2.40 | [93] |
1945 | Ray Prim | 2.40 | Chicago Cubs | Claude Passeau | 2.46 | [94] |
1946 | Howie Pollet | 2.10 | St. Louis Cardinals | Johnny Sain | 2.21 | [95] |
1947 | Warren Spahn† | 2.33 | Boston Braves | Ewell Blackwell | 2.47 | [96] |
1948 | Harry Brecheen | 2.24 | St. Louis Cardinals | Dutch Leonard | 2.51 | [97] |
1949 | Dave Koslo | 2.50 | New York Giants | Jerry Staley | 2.73 | [98] |
1950 | Sal Maglie | 2.71 | New York Giants | Ewell Blackwell | 2.97 | [99] |
1951 | Chet Nichols, Jr. | 2.88 | Boston Braves | Sal Maglie | 2.93 | [100] |
1952 | Hoyt Wilhelm† | 2.43 | New York Giants | Warren Hacker | 2.58 | [101] |
1953 | Warren Spahn† | 2.10 | Milwaukee Braves | Robin Roberts† | 2.75 | [102] |
1954 | Johnny Antonelli | 2.30 | New York Giants | Lew Burdette | 2.76 | [103] |
1955 | Bob Friend | 2.83 | Pittsburgh Pirates | Don Newcombe | 3.20 | [104] |
1956 | Lew Burdette | 2.70 | Milwaukee Braves | Warren Spahn† | 2.78 | [105] |
1957 | Johnny Podres | 2.66 | Brooklyn Dodgers | Don Drysdale† | 2.69 | [106] |
1958 | Stu Miller | 2.47 | San Francisco Giants | Sam Jones | 2.88 | [107] |
1959 | Sam Jones | 2.83 | San Francisco Giants | Stu Miller | 2.84 | [108] |
1960 | Mike McCormick | 2.70 | San Francisco Giants | Ernie Broglio | 2.74 | [109] |
1961 | Warren Spahn† | 3.02 | Milwaukee Braves | Jim O'Toole | 3.10 | [110] |
1962 | Sandy Koufax† | 2.54 | Los Angeles Dodgers | Bob Shaw | 2.80 | [111] |
1963 | Sandy Koufax† | 1.88 | Los Angeles Dodgers | Dick Ellsworth | 2.11 | [112] |
1964 | Sandy Koufax† | 1.74 | Los Angeles Dodgers | Don Drysdale† | 2.18 | [113] |
1965 | Sandy Koufax† | 2.04 | Los Angeles Dodgers | Juan Marichal† | 2.13 | [114] |
1966 | Sandy Koufax† | 1.73 | Los Angeles Dodgers | Mike Cuellar | 2.22 | [115] |
1967 | Phil Niekro† | 1.87 | Atlanta Braves | Jim Bunning† | 2.29 | [116] |
1968 | Bob Gibson† | 1.12 | St. Louis Cardinals | Bobby Bolin | 1.99 | [117] |
1969 | Juan Marichal† | 2.10 | San Francisco Giants | Steve Carlton† | 2.17 | [118] |
1970 | Tom Seaver† | 2.82 | New York Mets | Wayne Simpson | 3.02 | [119] |
1971 | Tom Seaver† | 1.76 | New York Mets | Dave Roberts | 2.10 | [120] |
1972 | Steve Carlton† | 1.97 | Philadelphia Phillies | Gary Nolan | 1.99 | [121] |
1973 | Tom Seaver† | 2.08 | New York Mets | Don Sutton† | 2.42 | [122] |
1974 | Buzz Capra | 2.28 | Atlanta Braves | Phil Niekro† | 2.38 | [123] |
1975 | Randy Jones | 2.24 | San Diego Padres | Andy Messersmith | 2.29 | [124] |
1976 | John Denny | 2.52 | St. Louis Cardinals | Doug Rau | 2.57 | [125] |
1977 | John Candelaria | 2.34 | Pittsburgh Pirates | Tom Seaver† | 2.58 | [126] |
1978 | Craig Swan | 2.43 | New York Mets | Steve Rogers | 2.47 | [127] |
1979 | J. R. Richard | 2.71 | Houston Astros | Tom Hume | 2.76 | [128] |
1980 | Don Sutton† | 2.20 | Los Angeles Dodgers | Steve Carlton† | 2.34 | [129] |
1981 | Nolan Ryan† | 1.69 | Houston Astros | Bob Knepper | 2.18 | [130] |
1982 | Steve Rogers | 2.40 | Montreal Expos | Joe Niekro | 2.47[a] | [131] |
1983 | Atlee Hammaker | 2.25 | San Francisco Giants | John Denny | 2.37 | [132] |
1984 | Alejandro Peña | 2.48 | Los Angeles Dodgers | Dwight Gooden | 2.60 | [133] |
1985 | Dwight Gooden | 1.53 | New York Mets | John Tudor | 1.93 | [134] |
1986 | Mike Scott | 2.22 | Houston Astros | Bob Ojeda | 2.57 | [135] |
1987 | Nolan Ryan† | 2.76 | Houston Astros | Mike Dunne | 3.03 | [136] |
1988 | Joe Magrane | 2.18 | St. Louis Cardinals | David Cone | 2.22 | [137] |
1989 | Scott Garrelts | 2.28 | San Francisco Giants | Orel Hershiser | 2.31 | [138] |
1990 | Danny Darwin | 2.21 | Houston Astros | Zane Smith | 2.55 | [139] |
1991 | Dennis Martínez | 2.39 | Montreal Expos | José Rijo | 2.51 | [140] |
1992 | Bill Swift | 2.08 | San Francisco Giants | Bob Tewksbury | 2.16 | [141] |
1993 | Greg Maddux† | 2.36 | Atlanta Braves | José Rijo | 2.48 | [142] |
1994 | Greg Maddux† | 1.56 | Atlanta Braves | Bret Saberhagen | 2.74 | [143] |
1995 | Greg Maddux† | 1.63 | Atlanta Braves | Hideo Nomo | 2.54 | [144] |
1996 | Kevin Brown | 1.89 | Florida Marlins | Greg Maddux† | 2.72 | [145] |
1997 | Pedro Martínez† | 1.90 | Montreal Expos | Greg Maddux† | 2.20 | [146] |
1998 | Greg Maddux† | 2.22 | Atlanta Braves | Kevin Brown | 2.38 | [147] |
1999 | Randy Johnson† | 2.48 | Arizona Diamondbacks | Kevin Millwood | 2.68 | [148] |
2000 | Kevin Brown | 2.58 | Los Angeles Dodgers | Randy Johnson† | 2.64 | [149] |
2001 | Randy Johnson† | 2.49 | Arizona Diamondbacks | Curt Schilling | 2.98 | [150] |
2002 | Randy Johnson† | 2.32 | Arizona Diamondbacks | Greg Maddux† | 2.62 | [151] |
2003 | Jason Schmidt | 2.34 | San Francisco Giants | Kevin Brown | 2.39 | [152] |
2004 | Jake Peavy | 2.27 | San Diego Padres | Randy Johnson† | 2.60 | [153] |
2005 | Roger Clemens | 1.87 | Houston Astros | Andy Pettitte | 2.39 | [154] |
2006 | Roy Oswalt | 2.98 | Houston Astros | Chris Carpenter | 3.09 | [155] |
2007 | Jake Peavy | 2.54 | San Diego Padres | Brandon Webb | 3.01 | [156] |
2008 | Johan Santana | 2.53 | New York Mets | Tim Lincecum | 2.62 | [157] |
2009 | Chris Carpenter | 2.24 | St. Louis Cardinals | Tim Lincecum | 2.48 | [158] |
2010 | Josh Johnson | 2.30 | Florida Marlins | Adam Wainwright | 2.42 | [159] |
2011 | Clayton Kershaw | 2.28 | Los Angeles Dodgers | Roy Halladay† | 2.35 | [160] |
2012 | Clayton Kershaw | 2.53 | Los Angeles Dodgers | R. A. Dickey | 2.73 | [161] |
2013 | Clayton Kershaw | 1.83 | Los Angeles Dodgers | José Fernández | 2.19 | [162] |
2014 | Clayton Kershaw | 1.77 | Los Angeles Dodgers | Johnny Cueto | 2.25 | [163] |
2015 | Zack Greinke | 1.66 | Los Angeles Dodgers | Jake Arrieta | 1.77 | [164] |
2016 | Kyle Hendricks | 2.13 | Chicago Cubs | Jon Lester | 2.44 | [165] |
2017 | Clayton Kershaw | 2.31 | Los Angeles Dodgers | Max Scherzer | 2.51 | [166] |
2018 | Jacob deGrom | 1.70 | New York Mets | Aaron Nola | 2.37 | [167] |
2019 | Hyun-jin Ryu | 2.32 | Los Angeles Dodgers | Jacob deGrom | 2.43 | [168] |
2020 | Trevor Bauer | 1.73 | Cincinnati Reds | Yu Darvish | 2.01 | [169] |
2021 | Corbin Burnes | 2.43 | Milwaukee Brewers | Max Scherzer | 2.46 | [170] |
Notes[]
- a While Baseball-Reference.com lists both Niekro and Joaquín Andújar with an ERA of 2.47 in 1982, Niekro's average is lower (2.467) than Andújar's (2.473) if extended to three decimal places.
American League[]
Year | Leader | ERA | Team | Runner-up | ERA | Ref |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1901 | Cy Young† | 1.62 | Boston Americans | Nixey Callahan | 2.42 | [175] |
1902 | Ed Siever | 1.91 | Detroit Tigers | Rube Waddell† | 2.05 | [176] |
1903 | Earl Moore | 1.74 | Cleveland Naps | Cy Young† | 2.08 | [177] |
1904 | Addie Joss† | 1.59 | Cleveland Naps | Rube Waddell† | 1.62 | [178] |
1905 | Rube Waddell† | 1.48 | Philadelphia Athletics | Doc White | 1.76 | [179] |
1906 | Doc White | 1.52 | Chicago White Sox | Barney Pelty | 1.59 | [180] |
1907 | Ed Walsh† | 1.60 | Chicago White Sox | Ed Killian | 1.78 | [181] |
1908 | Addie Joss† | 1.16 | Cleveland Naps | Cy Young† | 1.26 | [182] |
1909 | Harry Krause | 1.39 | Philadelphia Athletics | Ed Walsh† | 1.41 | [183] |
1910 | Ed Walsh† | 1.27 | Chicago White Sox | Jack Coombs | 1.30 | [184] |
1911 | Vean Gregg | 1.80 | Cleveland Naps | Walter Johnson† | 1.90 | [185] |
1912 | Walter Johnson† | 1.39 | Washington Senators | Joe Wood | 1.91 | [186] |
1913 | Walter Johnson† | 1.14 | Washington Senators | Eddie Cicotte | 1.58 | [187] |
1914 | Dutch Leonard | 0.96 | Boston Red Sox | Rube Foster | 1.70 | [188] |
1915 | Joe Wood | 1.49 | Boston Red Sox | Walter Johnson† | 1.55 | [189] |
1916 | Babe Ruth† | 1.75 | Boston Red Sox | Eddie Cicotte | 1.78 | [190] |
1917 | Eddie Cicotte | 1.53 | Chicago White Sox | Carl Mays | 1.74 | [191] |
1918 | Walter Johnson† | 1.27 | Washington Senators | Stan Coveleski† | 1.82 | [192] |
1919 | Walter Johnson† | 1.49 | Washington Senators | Eddie Cicotte | 1.82 | [193] |
1920 | Bob Shawkey | 2.45 | New York Yankees | Stan Coveleski† | 2.49 | [194] |
1921 | Red Faber† | 2.48 | Chicago White Sox | George Mogridge | 3.00 | [195] |
1922 | Red Faber† | 2.81 | Chicago White Sox | Herman Pillette | 2.85 | [196] |
1923 | Stan Coveleski† | 2.76 | Washington Senators | Waite Hoyt† | 3.02 | [197] |
1924 | Walter Johnson† | 2.72 | Washington Senators | Tom Zachary | 2.75 | [198] |
1925 | Stan Coveleski† | 2.84 | Washington Senators | Herb Pennock† | 2.96 | [199] |
1926 | Lefty Grove† | 2.51 | Philadelphia Athletics | George Uhle | 2.83 | [200] |
1927 | Wilcy Moore | 2.28 | New York Yankees | Waite Hoyt† | 2.63 | [201] |
1928 | Garland Braxton | 2.51 | Washington Senators | Herb Pennock† | 2.56 | [202] |
1929 | Lefty Grove† | 2.81 | Philadelphia Athletics | Firpo Marberry | 3.06 | [203] |
1930 | Lefty Grove† | 2.54 | Philadelphia Athletics | Wes Ferrell | 3.31 | [204] |
1931 | Lefty Grove† | 2.06 | Philadelphia Athletics | Lefty Gomez† | 2.67 | [205] |
1932 | Lefty Grove† | 2.84 | Philadelphia Athletics | Red Ruffing† | 3.09 | [206] |
1933 | Mel Harder | 2.95 | Cleveland Indians | Tommy Bridges | 3.09 | [207] |
1934 | Lefty Gomez† | 2.33 | New York Yankees | Mel Harder | 2.61 | [208] |
1935 | Lefty Grove† | 2.70 | Boston Red Sox | Ted Lyons† | 3.02 | [209] |
1936 | Lefty Grove† | 2.81 | Boston Red Sox | Johnny Allen | 3.44 | [210] |
1937 | Lefty Gomez† | 2.33 | New York Yankees | Monty Stratton | 2.40 | [211] |
1938 | Lefty Grove† | 3.08 | Boston Red Sox | Red Ruffing† | 3.31 | [212] |
1939 | Lefty Grove† | 2.54 | Boston Red Sox | Ted Lyons† | 2.76 | [213] |
1940 | Bob Feller† | 2.61 | Cleveland Indians | Bobo Newsom | 2.83 | [214] |
1941 | Thornton Lee | 2.37 | Chicago White Sox | Al Benton | 2.97 | [215] |
1942 | Ted Lyons† | 2.10 | Chicago White Sox | Tiny Bonham | 2.27 | [216] |
1943 | Spud Chandler | 1.64 | New York Yankees | Tiny Bonham | 2.27 | [217] |
1944 | Dizzy Trout | 2.12 | Detroit Tigers | Hal Newhouser† | 2.22 | [218] |
1945 | Hal Newhouser† | 1.81 | Detroit Tigers | Al Benton | 2.02 | [219] |
1946 | Hal Newhouser† | 1.94 | Detroit Tigers | Spud Chandler | 2.10 | [220] |
1947 | Joe Haynes | 2.42 | Chicago White Sox | Bob Feller† | 2.68 | [221] |
1948 | Gene Bearden | 2.43 | Cleveland Indians | Ray Scarborough | 2.82[a] | [222] |
1949 | Mike Garcia | 2.36 | Cleveland Indians | Mel Parnell | 2.77 | [223] |
1950 | Early Wynn† | 3.20 | Cleveland Indians | Ned Garver | 3.39 | [224] |
1951 | Saul Rogovin | 2.78 | Chicago White Sox Detroit Tigers |
Ed Lopat | 2.91 | [225] |
1952 | Allie Reynolds | 2.06 | New York Yankees | Mike Garcia | 2.37 | [226] |
1953 | Ed Lopat | 2.42 | New York Yankees | Billy Pierce | 2.72 | [227] |
1954 | Mike Garcia | 2.64 | Cleveland Indians | Sandy Consuegra | 2.69 | [228] |
1955 | Billy Pierce | 1.97 | Chicago White Sox | Whitey Ford† | 2.63 | [229] |
1956 | Whitey Ford† | 2.47 | New York Yankees | Herb Score | 2.53 | [230] |
1957 | Bobby Shantz | 2.45 | New York Yankees | Tom Sturdivant | 2.54 | [231] |
1958 | Whitey Ford† | 2.01 | New York Yankees | Billy Pierce | 2.68 | [232] |
1959 | Hoyt Wilhelm† | 2.19 | Baltimore Orioles | Camilo Pascual | 2.64 | [233] |
1960 | Frank Baumann | 2.67 | Chicago White Sox | Jim Bunning† | 2.79 | [234] |
1961 | Dick Donovan | 2.40 | Washington Senators | Bill Stafford | 2.68 | [235] |
1962 | Hank Aguirre | 2.21 | Detroit Tigers | Robin Roberts† | 2.78 | [236] |
1963 | Gary Peters | 2.33 | Chicago White Sox | Juan Pizarro | 2.39 | [237] |
1964 | Dean Chance | 1.65 | Los Angeles Angels | Joe Horlen | 1.88 | [238] |
1965 | Sam McDowell | 2.18 | Cleveland Indians | Eddie Fisher | 2.40 | [239] |
1966 | Gary Peters | 1.98 | Chicago White Sox | Joe Horlen | 2.43 | [240] |
1967 | Joe Horlen | 2.06 | Chicago White Sox | Gary Peters | 2.28 | [241] |
1968 | Luis Tiant | 1.60 | Cleveland Indians | Sam McDowell | 1.81 | [242] |
1969 | Dick Bosman | 2.19 | Washington Senators | Jim Palmer† | 2.34 | [243] |
1970 | Diego Seguí | 2.56 | Oakland Athletics | Jim Palmer† | 2.71 | [244] |
1971 | Vida Blue | 1.82 | Oakland Athletics | Wilbur Wood | 1.91 | [245] |
1972 | Luis Tiant | 1.91 | Boston Red Sox | Gaylord Perry† | 1.92 | [246] |
1973 | Jim Palmer† | 2.40 | Baltimore Orioles | Bert Blyleven† | 2.52 | [247] |
1974 | Catfish Hunter† | 2.49 | Oakland Athletics | Gaylord Perry† | 2.51 | [248] |
1975 | Jim Palmer† | 2.09 | Baltimore Orioles | Catfish Hunter† | 2.58 | [249] |
1976 | Mark Fidrych | 2.34 | Detroit Tigers | Vida Blue | 2.35 | [250] |
1977 | Frank Tanana | 2.54 | California Angels | Bert Blyleven† | 2.72 | [251] |
1978 | Ron Guidry | 1.74 | New York Yankees | Jon Matlack | 2.27 | [252] |
1979 | Ron Guidry | 2.78 | New York Yankees | Tommy John | 2.96 | [253] |
1980 | Rudy May | 2.46 | New York Yankees | Mike Norris | 2.53 | [254] |
1981 | Sammy Stewart | 2.32 [d] | Baltimore Orioles | Steve McCatty | 2.33 | [255] |
1982 | Rick Sutcliffe | 2.96 | Cleveland Indians | Bob Stanley | 3.10 | [256] |
1983 | Rick Honeycutt | 2.42 | Texas Rangers | Mike Boddicker | 2.77 | [257] |
1984 | Mike Boddicker | 2.79 | Baltimore Orioles | Dave Stieb | 2.83 | [258] |
1985 | Dave Stieb | 2.48 | Toronto Blue Jays | Charlie Leibrandt | 2.69 | [259] |
1986 | Roger Clemens | 2.48 | Boston Red Sox | Teddy Higuera | 2.79 | [260] |
1987 | Jimmy Key | 2.76 | Toronto Blue Jays | Frank Viola | 2.90 | [261] |
1988 | Allan Anderson | 2.45[b] | Minnesota Twins | Teddy Higuera | 2.45[c] | [262] |
1989 | Bret Saberhagen | 2.16 | Kansas City Royals | Chuck Finley | 2.57 | [263] |
1990 | Roger Clemens | 1.93 | Boston Red Sox | Chuck Finley | 2.40 | [264] |
1991 | Roger Clemens | 2.62 | Boston Red Sox | Tom Candiotti | 2.65 | [265] |
1992 | Roger Clemens | 2.41 | Boston Red Sox | Kevin Appier | 2.46 | [266] |
1993 | Kevin Appier | 2.56 | Kansas City Royals | Wilson Álvarez | 2.95 | [267] |
1994 | Steve Ontiveros | 2.65 | Oakland Athletics | Roger Clemens | 2.85 | [268] |
1995 | Randy Johnson† | 2.48 | Seattle Mariners | Tim Wakefield | 2.95 | [269] |
1996 | Juan Guzmán | 2.93 | Toronto Blue Jays | Pat Hentgen | 3.22 | [270] |
1997 | Roger Clemens | 2.05 | Toronto Blue Jays | Randy Johnson† | 2.28 | [271] |
1998 | Roger Clemens | 2.65 | Toronto Blue Jays | Pedro Martínez† | 2.89 | [272] |
1999 | Pedro Martínez† | 2.07 | Boston Red Sox | David Cone | 3.44 | [273] |
2000 | Pedro Martínez† | 1.74 | Boston Red Sox | Roger Clemens | 3.70 | [274] |
2001 | Freddy García | 3.05 | Seattle Mariners | Mike Mussina† | 3.15 | [275] |
2002 | Pedro Martínez† | 2.26 | Boston Red Sox | Derek Lowe | 2.58 | [276] |
2003 | Pedro Martínez† | 2.22 | Boston Red Sox | Tim Hudson | 2.70 | [277] |
2004 | Johan Santana | 2.61 | Minnesota Twins | Curt Schilling | 3.26 | [278] |
2005 | Kevin Millwood | 2.86 | Cleveland Indians | Johan Santana | 2.87 | [279] |
2006 | Johan Santana | 2.77 | Minnesota Twins | Roy Halladay† | 3.19 | [280] |
2007 | John Lackey | 3.01 | Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim | Fausto Carmona | 3.06 | [281] |
2008 | Cliff Lee | 2.54 | Cleveland Indians | Roy Halladay† | 2.78 | [282] |
2009 | Zack Greinke | 2.16 | Kansas City Royals | Félix Hernández | 2.49 | [283] |
2010 | Félix Hernández | 2.27 | Seattle Mariners | Clay Buchholz | 2.33 | [284] |
2011 | Justin Verlander | 2.40 | Detroit Tigers | Jered Weaver | 2.41 | [285] |
2012 | David Price | 2.56 | Tampa Bay Rays | Justin Verlander | 2.64 | [286] |
2013 | Aníbal Sánchez | 2.57 | Detroit Tigers | Bartolo Colón | 2.65 | [287] |
2014 | Félix Hernández | 2.14 | Seattle Mariners | Chris Sale | 2.17 | [288] |
2015 | David Price | 2.45 | Detroit Tigers Toronto Blue Jays |
Dallas Keuchel | 2.48 | [289] |
2016 | Aaron Sanchez | 3.00 | Toronto Blue Jays | Justin Verlander | 3.04 | [290] |
2017 | Corey Kluber | 2.25 | Cleveland Indians | Chris Sale | 2.90 | [291] |
2018 | Blake Snell | 1.89 | Tampa Bay Rays | Trevor Bauer | 2.21 | [292] |
2019 | Gerrit Cole | 2.50 | Houston Astros | Justin Verlander | 2.58 | [293] |
2020 | Shane Bieber | 1.63 | Cleveland Indians | Dallas Keuchel | 1.99 | [294] |
2021 | Robbie Ray | 2.84 | Toronto Blue Jays | Lance McCullers, Jr. | 3.16 | [295] |
Notes[]
- a While Baseball-Reference.com lists both Scarborough and Hall of Famer Bob Lemon with an ERA of 2.82 in 1948, Scarborough's average is lower (2.817) than Lemon's (2.820) if extended to three decimal places.
- b c While Baseball-Reference lists both Anderson and Higuera with an ERA of 2.45 in 1988, Anderson's average is lower (2.446) than Higuera's (2.455) if extended to three decimal places.
- d Until 1981, the rules stated that the number of innings pitched should be rounded to the nearest whole inning. This explains why McCatty was, at the time, awarded the 1981 ERA title although his ERA appears to be slightly higher than that of Stewart.[296]
Footnotes[]
- a This is shown in the mathematical formula at right.[1]
- b Recognized "major leagues" include the current American and National Leagues and several defunct leagues—the American Association, the Federal League, the Players' League, and the Union Association.[297]
- c A pitcher must average throwing at least one inning per game scheduled for his team during the season (currently 162 innings per 162 games) to qualify for the ERA title.[298]
See also[]
- Adjusted ERA+
- Defense-Independent ERA
- List of Major League Baseball leaders in career ERA
- Run average
References[]
- General
- "Hall of Fame Pitching Register". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved February 9, 2010.
- "Yearly League Leaders & Records for Earned Run Average". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved January 31, 2010.
- Inline citations
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- ^ "1982 American League Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved January 31, 2010.
- ^ "1983 American League Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved January 31, 2010.
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- ^ "1987 American League Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved January 31, 2010.
- ^ "1988 American League Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved January 31, 2010.
- ^ "1989 American League Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved January 31, 2010.
- ^ "1990 American League Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved January 31, 2010.
- ^ "1991 American League Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved January 31, 2010.
- ^ "1992 American League Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved January 31, 2010.
- ^ "1993 American League Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved January 31, 2010.
- ^ "1994 American League Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved January 31, 2010.
- ^ "1995 American League Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved January 31, 2010.
- ^ "1996 American League Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved January 31, 2010.
- ^ "1997 American League Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved January 31, 2010.
- ^ "1998 American League Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved January 31, 2010.
- ^ "1999 American League Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved January 31, 2010.
- ^ "2000 American League Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved January 31, 2010.
- ^ "2001 American League Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved January 31, 2010.
- ^ "2002 American League Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved January 31, 2010.
- ^ "2003 American League Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved January 31, 2010.
- ^ "2004 American League Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved January 31, 2010.
- ^ "2005 American League Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved January 31, 2010.
- ^ "2006 American League Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved January 31, 2010.
- ^ "2007 American League Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved January 31, 2010.
- ^ "2008 American League Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved January 31, 2010.
- ^ "2009 American League Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved January 31, 2010.
- ^ "2010 American League Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved October 7, 2010.
- ^ "2011 American League Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved September 29, 2011.
- ^ "2012 American League Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved October 4, 2012.
- ^ "2013 American League Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved September 30, 2013.
- ^ "2014 American League Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports REference LLC. Retrieved September 28, 2014.
- ^ "2015 American League Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports REference LLC. Retrieved October 5, 2015.
- ^ "2016 American League Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports REference LLC. Retrieved October 2, 2016.
- ^ "2017 American League Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports REference LLC. Retrieved October 1, 2017.
- ^ "2018 American League Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved September 30, 2018.
- ^ "2019 American League Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved September 29, 2019.
- ^ "2020 American League Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved September 27, 2020.
- ^ "2021 American League Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved October 3, 2021.
- ^ "Choosing Among Winners of the 1981 AL ERA Title – Society for American Baseball Research".
- ^ "Complete Baseball Team and Baseball Team Encyclopedias". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved March 16, 2010.
- ^ "Official Baseball Rules" (PDF) (2017 ed.). Major League Baseball. p. 138. Retrieved May 8, 2017.
- Major League Baseball lists