List of Sheikh-ul-Islams of the Ottoman Empire

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The following is a list of Sheikh-ul-Islams of the Ottoman Empire. After the foundation of the Ottoman empire around 1300, the title of Sheikh-ul-Islam, formerly used in the Abbasid Caliphate, was given to a leader authorized to issue legal opinion or fatwa. During the reign of Sultan Murad II, (1421-1444, 1446-1451) the position became an official title, with authority over other muftis in the empire. In the late 16th century, Sheikh-ul-Islam were assigned to appoint and dismiss supreme judges, high ranking college professors, and heads of Sufi orders. Prominent figures include Zenbilli Ali Cemali Efendi (c1445-1526), Ibn-i Kemal (Kemalpasazade) (1468-1533) and Ebussuud Efendi (c1491-1574).[1]

List[]

During the existence of the office (from 1424 to 1922), there were in total 131 Sheikh-ul-Islams. The longest-serving officeholder was Ebussuud Efendi for 29 years, the shortest was for 13 hours.[2][3]

  • 1. Molla Şemseddin Fenari (1424–1430)
  • 2. (1430–1460)
  • 3. (1460–1480)
  • 4. (1480–1488)
  • 5. (1488–1495)
  • 6. (1495–1496)
  • 7. (1496–1503)
  • 8. (1503–1526)
  • 9. Kemalpaşazade Ahmet Şemsettin Efendi (İbn-i Kemal) (1526–1534)
  • 10. (1534–1539)
  • 11. (1539–1542)
  • 12. (1542–1543)
  • 13. (1543–1545)
  • 14. Ebussuud Efendi (1545–1574)
  • 15. (1574–1577)
  • 16. (1577–1580)
  • 17. (1580–1582)
  • 18. (1582–1587)
  • 19. (1587–1589)
  • 20. (1589–1592)
  • 21. (1592–1593)
    • Bostanzade Mehmet Efendi (1593–1598), 2nd time
  • 22. Hoca Sadeddin Efendi (1598–1599)
  • 23. (1599–1601)
  • 24. (1601–1603)
    • Hacı Mustafa Sunullah Efendi (1603), 2nd time
  • 25. (1603–1604)
    • Hacı Mustafa Sunullah Efendi (1604–1606), 3rd time
    • Ebülmeyamin Mustafa Efendi (1606), 2nd time
    • Hacı Mustafa Sunullah Efendi (1606–1608), 4th time
    • Hocasadettinzade Mehmet Çelebi Efendi (1608–1615), 2nd term
  • 26. Hocazade Esad Efendi (1615–1622)
  • 27. (1622–1623)
    • Hocazade Esad Efendi (1623–1625), 2nd time
    • Zekeriyazade Yahya Efendi (1625–1632), 2nd time
  • 28. (1632–1634)
    • Zekeriyazade Yahya Efendi (1634–1644), 3rd time
  • 29. (1644–1646)
  • 30. (1646–1647)
  • 31. (1647–1649)
  • 32. (1649–1651)
  • 33. (1651)
  • 34. (1651–1652)
    • Bahai Mehmet Efendi (1652–1654), 2nd term
    • Esatefendizade Ebu Sait Mehmet Efendi (1654–1655), 2nd time
  • 35. (1655–1656)
  • 36. (1656)
  • 37. (1656)
  • 38. (1656)
  • 39. (1656–1657)
  • 40. (1657–1659)
  • 41. (1659–1662)
  • 42. (1662)
  • 43. (1662–1674)
  • 44. (1674–1686)
  • 45. (1686–1687)
  • 46. (1687–1688)
  • 47. (1688)
    • Debbağzade Mehmet Efendi (1688–1690), 2nd time
  • 48. (1690–1692)
    • Çatalcalı Ali Efendi (1692), 2nd time
    • Ebusaitzade Feyzullah Feyzi Efendi (1692–1694), 2nd time
  • 49. (1694–1695)
  • 50. (1695)
    • Hacı Feyzullah Efendi (1695–1703), 2nd time
  • 51. (1703)
  • 52. (1703)
    • İmam Mehmet Efendi (1703–1704), 2nd time
    • Paşmakçızade Seyit Ali Efendi (1704–1707), 2nd term
    • Sadık Mehmet Efendi (1707–1708), 2nd time
  • 53. (1708–1710)
    • Paşmakçızade Seyit Ali Efendi (1710–1712), 3rd term
    • Ebezade Abdullah Efendi (1712–1713), 2nd term
  • 54. (1713)
  • 55. (1713–1714)
  • 56. (1714–1715)
  • 57. (1715–1716)
  • 58. (1716–1718)
  • 59. (1718–1730)
  • 60. (1730–1731)
  • 61. (1731–1732)
  • 62. (1732–1733)
  • 63. (1733–1734)
  • 64. (1734–1736)
  • 65. (1736–1745)
  • 66. (1745–1746)
  • 67. (1746)
  • 68. (1746–1748)
  • 69. (1748–1749)
  • 70. (1749–1750)
  • 71. (1750–1755)
  • 72. (1755)
  • 73. (1755–1756)
  • 74. (1756–1757)
    • Damatzade Feyzullah Efendi (1757–1758), 2nd term
  • 75. (1758–1759)
  • 76. (1759–1760)
  • 77. (1760–1761)
  • 78. (1761–1762)
    • Dürrizade Mustafa Efendi (1762–1767), 2nd time
    • Hacı Veliyettin Efendi (1767–1768), 2nd time
  • 79. (1768–1770)
  • 80. (1770–1773)
  • 81. (1773–1774)
    • Dürrizade Mustafa Efendi (1774), 3rd time
  • 82. (1774–1775)
  • 83. (1775–1776)
  • 84. (1776–1778)
  • 85. (1778–1782)
  • 86. (1782–1783)
  • 87. (1783–1785)
    • İvazpaşazade İbrahim Bey Efendi (1785), 2nd time
  • 88. (1785)
  • 89. (1785–1786)
  • 90. (1786–1787)
  • 91. (1787–1788)
  • 92. (1788–1789)
    • Mehmet Şerif Efendi (1789), 2nd time
  • 93. (1789–1791)
  • 94. (1791)
    • Mekki Mehmet Efendi (1791–1792), 2nd time
    • Dürrizade Seyit Mehmet Arif Efendi (1792–1798), 2nd time
  • 95. (1798–1800)
  • 96. (1800–1803)
  • 97. (1803–1806)
  • 98. (1806–1807)
    • Sâmânizade Ömer Hulusi Efendi (1807), 2nd time
    • Şerifzade Mehmet Ataullah Efendi (1807–1808), 2nd time
  • 99. (1808)
    • Salihzade Ahmet Esat Efendi (1808), 2nd time
  • 100. (1808–1810)
    • Sâmânizade Ömer Hulusi Efendi (1810–1812), 3rd time
    • Dürrizade Seyit Abdullah Efendi (1812–1815), 2nd time
  • 101. (1815–1818)
  • 102. (1818–1819)
  • 103. Hacı Halil Efendi (1819–1821)
  • 104. (1821–1822)
  • 105. (1822–1823)
    • Mekkizade Mustafa Asım Efendi (1823–1825), 2nd time
  • 106. (1825–1828)
    • Yasincizade Abdülvehhap Efendi (1828–1833), 2nd time
    • Mekkizade Mustafa Asım Efendi (1833–1846), 3rd time
  • 107. (1846–1854)
  • 108. (1854–1858)
  • 109. (1858–1863)
  • 110. (1863–1866)
  • 111. (1866–1868)
  • 112. (1868–1871)
  • 113. (1871–1872)
  • 114. (1872–1874)
  • 115. (1874)
    • Hasan Fehmi Efendi (1874–1876), 2nd time
    • Hasan Hayrullah Efendi (1876–1877), 2nd time
  • 116. (1877–1878)
    • Ahmed Muhtar Molla Bey Efendi (1878), 2nd time
  • 117. (1878–1889)
  • 118. (1889–1891)
  • 119. Mehmet Cemaleddin Efendi (1891–1909)
  • 120.  [tr] (1909)
  • 121.  [tr] (1909)
  • 122.  [tr] (1910)
  • 123.  [tr] (1910–1911)
  • 124.  [tr] (1911–1912)
    • Mehmet Cemaleddin Efendi (1912–1913), 2nd time
  • 125. (1913–1914)
  • 126. (1914–1916)
    • Musa Kazım Efendi (1916–1918), 2nd time
  • 127. (1918)
  • 128. (1918–1919)
  • 129. Mustafa Sabri Efendi [tr] (1919)
    • Haydarizade İbrahim Efendi (1919–1920), 2nd time
  • 130. (1920)
    • Mustafa Sabri Efendi (1920), 2nd time
  • 131.  [tr] (1920–1922)

References[]

  1. ^ Yurdakul, İlhami."Şeyhülislam (shaykhulislam)". Gábor Ágoston and Bruce Alan Masters, eds. Encyclopedia of the Ottoman Empire, pp. 524–25. Facts on File, 2009.
  2. ^ Yakut 2005, p38
  3. ^ For a list of şeyḫülislāmları, see Yakut 2005, pp. 242–247

Sources[]

Retrieved from ""