List of business and finance abbreviations

This is a list of abbreviations used in a business of financial context.

This list is incomplete; you can help by . (August 2008)

0-9[]

• 1H –
• 24/7 - 24 hours a day, seven days a week
• 80/20 –

A[]

• ADR - American Depositary Receipt
• AI - Artificial Intelligence
• AM – Account manager
• AOP –
• AOP –
• AP – Accounts payable
• AR - Accounts receivable
• ARPU – Average revenue per user
• ASP – Average selling price
• ASAP – "As soon as possible"
• agcy. – Agency
• agt. – Agent
• asst. – Assistant
• a/c. – Account
• afaik. – As far as I know

B[]

• BAU – Business As Usual
• BEP - Break Even Point
• BIC - Bank Identifier Code
• bldg. – Building
• BLS - Balance Sheet
• BMC - Business Model Canvas
• BOM - Bill of Materials
• BPO - Business Process Outsourcing
• BPR -
• BPV -
• BRD – Business Requirements Document
• BRU –
• BRV -
• BTW - By the way
• B2B – Business-to-business
• B2C – Business to Consumer
• B2G – Business-to-government
• BU – Business Unit
• BUSI – Business
• bus. – Business

C[]

• CAGR – Compound annual growth rate
• CAO – Chief Administrative Officer or Chief Accounting Officer
• CAPEX – Capital Expenditure
• CAPM – Capital asset pricing model^[1]
• CBOE – Chicago Board Options Exchange
• CBOT – Chicago Board of Trade
• CDO – Collateralized debt obligation or Chief Data Officer
• CDM –
• CDS – Credit default swap
• CEO – Chief executive officer
• COA –
• CFA – Chartered Financial Analyst
• CFD – Contract for difference
• CFC – Consumption of fixed capital
• CFCT –
• CFM – Certified Financial Manager
• CFO – Chief Financial Officer
• CFS –
• CIA – Certified Internal Auditor
• CIF –
• CIMA – Chartered Institute of Management Accountants
• CIO – Chief Information Officer, Chief Innovation Officer or Chief Investment Officer
• CIP -
• CISA – Certified Information Systems Auditor
• CISO - Chief Information Security Officer
• CLO - Chief Legal Officer
• CMA – Certified Management Accountant
• CMFB – Committee on monetary, finance and balance of payments statistics
• CMO – Chief Marketing Officer
• COB – Close of Business
• COC – Cost of Credit^[2] or Cost of Capital^[3]
• COD – Cost of Debt^[4] or Cash on Delivery
• COE – Center of Excellence or Cost of Equity^[5]
• COGS – Cost of Goods Sold
• Corp. – Corporation
• COO – Chief Operating Officer
• CPA – Certified Public Accountant
• CPI – Consumer Price Index
• CPO – Chief People Officer also Chief Procurement Officer
• CPQ –
• CPU - Central Processing Unit
• CSI -
• CSO – Chief Security Officer
• CSR - Corporate social responsibility
• CRM – Customer Relationship Management
• CVP –
• CTA - Call to action
• CTO – Chief Technology Officer
• CX - Customer Experience
• CXO - Any chief officer(s), x being a placeholder.
• C2B - Consumer-to-business
• C&F –
• CKM -
• CTC - Cost to company
• CUSIP number -
• Cr - Credit
• CA -

D[]

• DDA – Depletion Depreciation Amortization
• Dept. – Department
• DI –
• DIFOT – Delivery in full on time, a variant of On Time In Full
• Dir - Director
• disc. – Discount
• DMA – Direct market access
• DOE –
• DPO -
• DR – Depositary receipt
• DSO - Days Sales Outstanding
• DSP -
• DTP- Desktop Publishing
• DVP - Delivery versus payment

E[]

• EAR – Effective annual rate
• EAY –
• EBITA –
• EBITDA – Earnings before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation, and Amortization
• ECB - European Central Bank
• ECS — Electronic Clearing Service or
• EDI – Electronic Data Interchange
• EFSM - European Financial Stabilisation Mechanism
• EFTPOS – Electronic Funds Transfer at Point of Sale
• EPS – Earnings per share
• EXP – Export
• EOB – End of business
• EOD – End of day
• EOM – End of Message
• ERP - Enterprise Resource Planning
• ETA - Estimated Time of Arrival
• ETD - Estimated Time of Departure or
• EMI - Equated Monthly Installment
• EPC - Export Promotion Council
• ECGC - Export Credit Guarantee Corporation of India
• EXW - Ex Works

F[]

• FAB -
• FDP – Finance Department
• FOB – Freight On Board
• FIFO – First In, First Out
• FinMin - Finance Minister
• Fin Min - Finance Minister
• FL – Financial leverage
• FOMC - Federal Open Market Committee
• FP&A –
• FPO –
• FIX – Financial Information Exchange
• FSA - Financial Services Authority
• FTE-
• FV –
• FX – Foreign exchange market
• FY - Fiscal year or Financial year
• FYA-
• FYI- For Your Information
• FOC-
• F/U-

G[]

• GAAP – Generally Accepted Accounting Principles
• GAAS –
• GDP – Gross Domestic Product
• GDPR – General Data Protection Regulation
• GDR – Global depository receipt
• GFCF – Gross fixed capital formation
• GL – General Ledger
• GMV – Gross Merchandise Volume
• GP – Gross Profit
• GPO – Group purchasing organization
• GRN –
• GRNI -
• GSV –
• GVC – Global value chain
• GMROII-
• G&A –

H[]

• HMRC - Her Majesty's Revenue and Customs
• HP - Hire purchase
• HQ – Headquarters
• HR – Human Resources
• HRD – Human Resource Development
• HS Code - Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System

I[]

• IAS – International Accounting Standards
• IBAN - International Bank Account Number
• ICB – Industry Classification Benchmark
• ICRM –
• IE – Interest expense
• IFRS – International Financial Reporting Standard
• ILCLP –
• IMF – International Monetary Fund
• IMP – Import
• Inc. – Incorporated
• IoT – Internet of Things
• IPO – Initial public offering
• IPT -
• IR – Interest Rate - typically referring to an IR derivative product
• IRS – Internal Revenue Service
• IRR – Internal Rate of Return
• ISIN – International Securities Identification Number
• ISM – Institute of Supply Management
• ITT - Invitation to tender
• IYR –

J[]

• J – Journal
• JIT - Just in time
• JIS - Just in sequence
• JST - Joint Supervisory Team

K[]

• K – Is used as an abbreviation for 1,000. For example, $225K would be understood to mean $225,000, and $3.6K would be understood to mean $3,600. Multiple K's are not commonly used to represent larger numbers. In other words, it would look odd to use $1.2KK to represent $1,200,000.
• Ke – Is used as an abbreviation for Cost of Equity (COE). Ke is the risk-adjusted, theoretical rate of return on a Company's invested excess capital obtained through external investments. Among other things, the value of Ke and the Cost of Debt (COD)^[6] enables management to arbitrate different forms of short and long term financing for various types of expenditures. Ke applies most prominently to companies that regularly generate excess capital (free cash flow, cash on hand) from ongoing operations. Critically, in assessing a company's financial position (and reading its balance sheet), COE is distinguished from CAPEX, or costs associated with Capital Expenditures.^[7][8] Ke is most often used in the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM), in which Ke = Rf + ß(Rm-Rf). In this equation, Ke (COE) equals the anticipated return from the difference (Beta) of investment yields from a return based on market expectations (Rm)^[9] and a Risk Free Rate (Rf), such as Treasury Bills or Bonds.
• KIBOR - Karachi Interbank Offered Rate
• KPI – Key Performance Indicator, a type of performance measurement. An organization may use KPIs to evaluate its success, or to evaluate the success of a particular activity in which it is engaged.
• KYC – "Know Your Customer" refers to due diligence activities that financial institutions and other regulated companies must perform to ascertain relevant information.

L[]

• LBO – Leveraged Buyout
• LC – Letter of credit
• LIBOR – London Interbank Offered Rate
• LE –
• LIFFE – London International Financial Futures and Options Exchange
• LIFO – Last In, First Out
• LLC – Limited Liability Company
• LME – London Metal Exchange
• LMS – Learning Management System
• Ltd. – Limited Company
• LTV -
• LOI - Letter of intent
• LoU -
• LY - Last Year

M[]

• MBS – mortgage-backed security
• mfg. – Manufacturing
• MGMT - Management
• MIC - Market Identifier Code
• MiFID - Markets in Financial Instruments Directive
• MILE - Maximum impact, little effort ^[10]
• MoM - Month on Month / Month over Month
• MOQ –
• MOU - Memorandum of understanding
• MPC – marginal propensity to consume
• MRO – Maintenance, Repair, and Operations
• MRP - Maximum Retail Price
• MSOD –
• MSRP - Manufacturer's Suggested Retail Price
• MTD – Month-to-date
• MWC –
• MPR - Monthly Progress Report

N[]

• NAV – Net asset value
• NCBO –
• NCND –
• NDA – Non-Disclosure Agreement
• NII - Net Interest Income
• NIM – Net Interest Margin
• NNTO – No Need To Open
• NOA – Net Operating Assets
• NOI – Net Operating Income
• NOPAT – Net Operating Profit After Tax
• NPA - Non Performing Asset
• NPL – Non-performing loan
• NPV – Net Present Value
• NTE - Not To Exceed
• NYMEX- New York Mercantile Exchange
• NYSE - New York Stock Exchange
• NFO −

O[]

• OC – Opportunity Cost
• OCF – Operating cash flow
• OECD - Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
• OEM - Original Equipment Manufacturer
• OIBDA - Operating Income Before Depreciation And Amortization
• OKR - Objectives and key results
• OOF - Out of Facility, used interchangeably with and originating from the Microsoft Xenix mail system ^[11]
• OOO -
• OPEX – Operating Expenditure or Operational Expenditure
• OTIF - On Time In Full
• OTC – Over-the-counter (finance)

P[]

• P&L – Profit and Loss
• P2B - Platform to Business^[12]
• PA - Purchasing agent or Personal Assistant
• PA - ^{[citation needed]}
• PAT – Profit After Tax
• PBT – Profit Before Tax
• P/E – Price-to-earnings ratio
• PE – Private Equity
• PEG – Price-to-earnings growth ratio
• PHEK –
• PFI - Private Finance Initiative
• PI or PII -
• PII - Personally identifiable information
• pip - Percentage in point or
• PMAC – Period Moving Average Cost
• PO – or Purchase Order
• POA –
• POS – Point of sale
• PP&E – Property, plant, and equipment
• PPP - Public-private partnership
• PPP – Purchasing power parity
• PPT - Powerpoint presentation
• PR –
• PSP -
• PTC -
• PTD -
• PLR - Prime Lending Rate
• PWIN - Percent win (a measure of performance of capture when bidding for contracts with a targeted customer base such as bidding for government contracts) ^[13][14]
• PWP -

Q[]

• Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4 - quarters of the accounting year, calendar year or fiscal year
• QC – Quality control or Quality costs
• QoQ - Quarter on quarter
• QPR -
• QRP -
• q/q – Quarter on quarter
• QTD – Quarter-to-date

R[]

• RAQSCI - Regulatory, Assurance of Supply, Quality, Service, Cost, Innovation (see RAQSCI)
• RBI - Reserve Bank of India
• RBA - Reserve Bank of Australia
• RE – Retained Earnings
• REIT - Real Estate Investment Trust
• RFI – Request for information
• RFP – Request for Proposal
• RFQ – Request for Quotation
• RFX – Generic name for a Request for Information, Proposal or Quotation
• RMD -
• R/O - Rollover
• ROA – Return on assets
• ROB – Return on brand
• ROC -
• ROCE – Return on Capital Employed
• ROE – Return on Equity
• ROI – Return on Investment
• ROIC – Return on Invested Capital
• RONA – Return on net assets
• ROS – Return on Sales
• RR – Resource rent
• RSP –
• RWA - Risk-weighted asset
• R&D – Research and Development
• RC –

S[]

• S_t – Sales, during time period t.
• S&M - Sales & Marketing
• SLR - Statutory Liquidity Ratio
• S&OP - Sales and operations planning
• SAAS – Software-as-a-Service
• SAM -
• SBU - Strategic Business Unit
• SBLC -
• SCM – Supply Chain Management
• SCBA –
• SEBI – Securities and Exchange Board of India
• SEC - Securities and Exchange Commission
• SEDOL -
• SG&A – Sales, General, and Administrative expenses
• SIMPLE - [[Savings Incentive Match Plan for Employees
• SIOP –
• SIR –
• SIV – Structured investment vehicle
• SKU – Stock keeping unit
• SLA - Service Level Agreement
• SMA -
• SME - Small and Medium Enterprises
• SOHO – Small Office/Home Office
• SOP - Standard Operating Procedure
• SOW -
• SOX – Sarbanes-Oxley
• SPP -
• SROI - Social return on investment
• SSN - Social Security Number
• STP - Situation Target Proposal or Situation Target Path ^[15]
• SUA -
• SWM -
• SWIP -
• SWOT - Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats

T[]

• TB –
• TBC -
• TBD –
• TCO – Total Cost of Ownership
• TCV –
• TOTW-
• TQM- Total Quality Management
• TSR – Total Shareholder Return
• TTM- Trailing Twelve Months
• TVM - Time Value of Money
• Ts & Cs - Terms and Conditions

U[]

• USP – Unique Selling Proposition
• UPI - Unified Payment Interface

V[]

• VAD – Value-Added Distributor
• VaR – Value at Risk
• VAR – Value-Added Reseller
• VAT – Value-Added Tax
• VC – Venture Capital
• VP – Vice President

W[]

• WACC – Weighted average cost of capital
• WC – Working capital
• WFH – Work From Home
• wk – week
• wrk – work
• wo – work order
• WOGs – With other Goods
• WIGs –
• wasp - weighted average selling price
• WLL - With Limited Liability
• w.r.t - With Respect To
• WTI – West Texas Intermediate
• WVN - Withdraw Voucher Note
• WHT - Withholding Tax
• WTO -World Trade Organization
• WTD -Week-To-Date
• WW - World Wide

X[]

This section needs expansion. You can help by . (July 2020)

Y[]

• YTD– Year-to-date
• YTG –
• YOY – Year-over-year
• YTC –
• FYF –

Z[]

• ZBB - Zero Based Budgeting
• zcyc –
• ZOPA – Zone of Possible Agreement

References[]