List of endemic species of Taiwan
The endemic species of Taiwan are organisms that are endemic to the island of Taiwan— that is, they occur nowhere else on Earth.
Percentages of endemic animals of all living species in Taiwan.
Category | Total species | Endemic species (& ssp.) | Percentages |
Mammals | 70 | 45 | 64% |
Birds | 450 | 84 | 19% |
85 | 27 | 32% | |
Amphibians | 37 | 17 | 46% |
220 | 36 | 16% | |
Butterflies | 400 | 50 | 13% |
Total | 1,257 | 252 | 20% |
Percentages of endemic plants of all living species in Taiwan.[1]
Category | Total (native) species | Endemic species (& ssp.) | Percentages |
Pteridophytes | 629 | 72 | 11% |
Gymnosperms | 28 | 18 | 64% |
Dicotyledons | 2,410 | 750 | 31% |
Monocotyledons | 1,010 | 227 | 23% |
Total | 4,077 | 1,067 | 26% |
Endemic fauna[]
Endemic mammals[]
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- Order: Carnivora (carnivorans)
- Formosan black bear- Ursus thibetanus formosanus
- Formosan ferret-badger – Melogale subaurantiaca (Swinhoe)
- Order Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates)
- Formosan serow – Naemorhedus swinhoei (Gray)
- Order Eulipotyphla (shrews and kin)
- Taiwanese mole shrew – Anourosorex yamashinai Kuroda
- – Tokuda & Kano
- Formosan shrew – Episoriculus fumidus Thomas
- Koshun shrew – Chodsigoa sodalis Thomas
- Kano's mole – Mogera kanoana Kawada et al.
- Order Rodentia (rodents)
- Formosan field vole – Apodemus semotus Thomas
- Spinous country-rat – Niviventer coxingi (Swinhoe)
- Formosan white-bellied rat – Niviventer culturatus (Thomas)
- Kikuchi's field vole – Microtus kikuchii (Kuroda)
- Formosan giant flying squirrel – Petaurista grandis (Swinhoe)
- – Petaurista lena Thomas
- Order Primate (primates)
- Formosan macaque – Macaca cyclopis (Swinhoe)
- Order Chiroptera (bats)
- Formosan long-eared bat – Plecotus taivanus Yoshiyuki
- Long-toed myotis – Myotis secundus Ruedi, Csorba, Lin, & Chou
- Reddish myotis – Myotis soror Ruedi, Csorba, Lin, & Chou
- Formosan mouse-eared bat – Myotis taiwanensis Linde
- Formosan broad-muzzled bat – Submyotodon latirostris Kishida
- Bicolored tube-nosed bat – Murina bicolor Kuo, Fang, Csorba & Lee
- Slender tube-nosed bat – Murina gracilis Kuo et al.
- Formosan tube-nosed bat – Murina puta Kishida
- Murina recondita Kuo, Fang, Csorba, & Lee, 2009
- Yellow-necked bat – Thainycteris torquatus Gabor & Lee
- – Kisida
- Formosan greater horseshoe bat – Rhinolophus formosae Sanborn
- Formosan lesser horseshoe bat – Rhinolophus monoceros Andersen
Endemic birds[]
|
17 endemic bird species and another 60 endemic subspecies of Taiwan have been identified (out of a total of 569 bird species). The seventeen endemic species make up about 3% of all birds living in Taiwan.
- Order Passeriformes (passerines and relatives)
- Yellow tit – Parus holsti Seebohm
- White-whiskered laughingthrush – Garrulax morrisonianus (Ogilvie-Grant)
- White-eared sibia – Heterophasia auricularis (Swinhoe)
- Taiwan yuhina – Yuhina brunneiceps Ogilvie-Grant
- Taiwan barwing – Actinodura morrisoniana Ogilvie-Grant
- Steere's liocichla – Liocichla steerii Swinhoe
- Taiwan blue magpie – Urocissa caerulea (Gould)
- Styan's bulbul – Pycnonotus taivanus Styan
- Taiwan whistling thrush – Myophonus insularis Gould
- Collared bush robin – Tarsiger johnstoniae (Ogilvie-Grant)
- Flamecrest – Regulus goodfellowi Ogilvie-Grant
- Taiwan bush warbler – Bradypterus alishanensis
- Taiwan hwamei – Garrulax taewanus
- Order Galliformes (chicken-like birds)
- Taiwan hill partridge – Arborophila crudigularis (Swinhoe)
- Mikado pheasant – Syrmaticus mikado (Ogilvie-Grant)
- Swinhoe's pheasant – Lophura swinhoii (Gould)
- Order Piciformes (woodpeckers and relatives)
- Taiwan barbet – Megalaima nuchalis
Endemic reptiles[]
- Order Squamata (lizards and snakes)
- – Scincella formosensis (Van Denburgh)
- – Sphenomorphus taiwanensis Chen & Lue
- Lanyu scaly-toed gecko – Lepidodactylus yami Ota
- – Gekko kikuchii (Oshima)
- Gekko guishanicus Lin and Yao, 2016
- Short-legged japalure – Diploderma brevipes Gressitt
- Diploderma luei Ota, Chen & Shang, 1998
- – Diploderma makii Ota
- Swinhoe's japalura – Diploderma swinhonis Gunther
- – Kishida
- – Takydromus formosanus Boulenger
- – Takydromus sauteri Van Denburgh
- – Takydromus hsuehshanensis Lin & Cheng
- – Takydromus stejnegeri Van Denburgh
- – Typhlops koshunensis Oshima
- Taiwan slug-eating snake – Pareas formosensis (Van Dengurgh)
- Formosa odd-scaled snake – Achalinus formosanus Boulenger
- Black odd-scaled snake – Achalinus niger Maki
- Maki's keelback – Hebius miyajimae Maki
- Swinhoe's grass snake – Rhabdophis swinhonis (Günther)
- Formosa coral snake – Sinomicrurus sauteri (Steindachner)
- Taiwan pit viper – Trimeresurus gracilis Oshima
Endemic amphibians[]
- Order Anura (frogs and toads)
- – Bufo bankorensis
- Stejneger's narrow-mouthed toad – Micryletta steinegeri
- Swinhoe's brown frog — Odorrana swinhoana
- Taipa frog — Rana longicrus
- Sauter's brown frog — Rana sauteri
- Ota's stream tree frog – Buergeria otai
- Robust Buerger's frog – Buergeria robusta
- Kurixalus berylliniris
- – Kurixalus idiootocus
- Kurixalus wangi
- – Rhacophorus arvalis
- – Rhacophorus aurantiventris
- Moltrecht's green tree frog – Rhacophorus moltrechti
- Emerald green treefrog – Rhacophorus prasinatus
- – Rhacophorus taipeianus
- Order Urodela (salamanders and newts)
- Alishan salamander – Hynobius arisanensis
- Formosan salamander – Hynobius formosanus
- Taiwan lesser salamander – Hynobius fuca
- Nanhu salamander – Hynobius glacialis
- – Hynobius sonani
Endemic freshwater fishes[]
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- Order Cypriniformes (minnows and carp)
- Taitung river loach – Hemimyzon taitungensis Tzeng et Shen
- – Hemimyzon formosanus (Boulenger)
- Shen's river loach – Hemimyzon sheni Chen et Fang
- River loach – (Steindachner)
- – Sinogastromyzon puliensis Liang
- Metzia mesembrinum (Regan)
- Pararasbora moltrechti Regan
- Acrossocheilus paradoxus (Günther)
- – Candidia barbata (Regan)
- Microphysogobio alticorpus Banarescu et Nalbant
- Taiwan ku fish – Onychostoma alticorpus (Oshima)
- Freshwater minnow – Opsariichthys pachycephalus Günther
- Gobiobotia cheni Banarescu et Nalbant
- Microphysogobio brevirostris (Günther)
- Aphyocypris kikuchii (Oshima)
- Squalidus iijimae (Oshima)
- Order Perciformes (perch-like fishes)
- Goby – Aonuma et Chen
- Goby – Oshima
- Goby – Tomiyama
- Goby – Aonuma et Chen
- Goby – Chen et Shao
- Goby – Chen et Shao
- Goby – Chen et Shao
- Goby – Lee et Chang
- Goby – (Chen)
- Goby – Rhinogobius lanyuensis Chen, Miller et Fang
- Order Siluriformes (catfishes)
- – Liobagrus formosanus Regan
- Bagrid catfish – Oshima
- Bagrid catfish – Pseudobagrus brevianalis Regan
- Order Osmeriformes (smelts, galaxiids, and relatives)
- – Regan (endangered)[2]
- Order Salmoniformes (salmons and trouts)
- Formosan landlocked salmon – Oncorhynchus formosanus (Jordan et Oshima)
Endemic flora[]
This section needs expansion. You can help by . (September 2021) |
Cultivated crops endemic to Taiwan:
See also[]
- List of protected species in Taiwan
- Category:Endemic flora of Taiwan
- Category:Endemic fauna of Taiwan
References[]
- ^ Hsieh, C. F. (2002) Composition, endemism and phytogeographical affinities of the Taiwan Flora. Taiwania 47(4): 298-310.
- ^ Neosalanx acuticeps
External links[]
Categories:
- Biota of Taiwan
- Endemic fauna of Taiwan
- Lists of biota of Taiwan
- Endemic flora of Taiwan