Wikimedia list article
This is a list of mammals of Texas , those mammals native to or immediately off the coast of the U.S. state of Texas .
The varying geography of Texas, the second largest state, provides a large variety of habitats for mammals. The land varies from swamps , Piney Woods in the east , rocky hills and limestone karst in the central Hill Country of the Edwards Plateau , desert in the south and west , mountains in the far west (the Trans-Pecos ), and grassland prairie in the north, also known as the Panhandle .[1] [2] [3] Rio Grande , the Colorado River , and the Trinity River , also provide diverse river habitats.[4] [5] United States means that species found primarily in either the western or eastern reaches of the country often have their ranges meeting in the state. Additionally, its proximity to Mexico is such that many species found there and into Central America also range as far north as Texas.[1]
Texas recognizes three official mammals: the nine-banded armadillo , the Texas Longhorn , and the Mexican free-tailed bat . State law protects numerous species.
List of species [ ] Dasypodidae [ ] Dasypodidae is a family of armoured mammals found mainly in Latin America .[6]
Dasypodidae
Species
Common name
Distribution
Status[a]
Image
Dasypus novemcinctus
Nine-banded armadillo
Found in all of Texas, except the Trans-Pecos region[7]
LC
Order Chiroptera [ ] Phyllostomidae [ ] Mormoopidae [ ]
Mormoopidae
Species
Common name
Distribution
Status
Image
Mormoops megalophylla
Ghost-faced bat
Found in the Trans-Pecos , South Texas Plains , and the southern edge of the Edwards Plateau .[9]
LC
Vespertilionidae [ ]
Vespertilionidae
Species
Common name
Distribution
Status
Image
Aeorestes cinereus
Hoary bat
Found in mature forested areas across the state[8]
LC
Antrozous pallidus
Pallid bat
Commonly found in the western half of Texas, including the panhandle.[10] [8]
LC
Corynorhinus rafinesquii
Rafinesque's big-eared bat
Found in small localities in the Pineywoods of East Texas.[8]
LC
Corynorhinus townsendii
Townsend's big-eared bat
Commonly found in the western half of Texas, including the panhandle. Population in West Texas and Panhandle are divided into subspecies.[8]
LC
Dasypterus ega
Southern yellow bat
Found in seven counties in the Rio Grande Valley .[8]
LC
Dasypterus intermedius
Northern yellow bat
Occurs in the eastern and southern part of the state, including along the coast.[8]
LC
Dasypterus xanthinus
Western yellow bat
Reported in the southernmost counties of Texas surrounding Big Bend National Park .[8]
LC
Eptesicus fuscus
Big brown bat
Found primarily iy the eastern, northern and western parts of the state.[8]
LC
Euderma maculatum
Spotted bat
Found only in Big Bend National Park .[8]
LC
Lasionycteris noctivagans
Silver-haired bat
Found in forested areas across the state, not seen often in cities.[8]
LC
Lasiurus blossevillii
Desert red bat
One specimen found in Presidio County in 1988[8]
LC
Lasiurus borealis
Eastern red bat
Found state-wide, but most commonly found in the eastern and central part of the state[8]
LC
Lasiurus seminolus
Seminole bat
Found in the eastern part of the state[8]
LC
Myotis austroriparius
Southeastern myotis
Found in eastern Texas caves[8]
LC
Myotis californicus
California myotis
Found primarily in the Chihuahuan Desert and Trans-Pecos region of Texas[8]
LC
Myotis ciliolabrum
Western small-footed myotis
Found primarily in the Trans-Pecos mountains and small populations in the panhandle[8]
LC
Myotis occultus
Arizona myotis
Myotis septentrionalis
Northern long-eared myotis
Myotis thysanodes
Fringed myotis
Myotis velifer
Cave myotis
Myotis volans
Long-legged myotis
Myotis yumanensis
Yuma myotis
Nycticeius humeralis
Evening bat
Pipistrellus hesperus
Western pipistrelle
Pipistrellus subflavus
Eastern pipistrelle
Molossidae [ ]
Molossidae
Species
Common name
Distribution
Status
Image
Eumops perotis
Western mastiff bat
Found in Val Verde, Terrell, Brewster, and Presidio counties in South Texas and in Midland County in the west[8]
LC
Nyctinomops femorosacca
Pocketed free-tailed bat
Found in Val Verde, Terrell, Brewster, and Presidio counties in South Texas.[8]
LC
Nyctinomops macrotis
Big free-tailed bat
Scattered localities in the Panhandle , Trans-Pecos region, and recently in Wise County [8]
LC
Tadarida brasiliensis
Mexican free-tailed bat
State-wide distribution in the summer, with the eastern population being year-round residents[8]
LC
Order Carnivora [ ] Canidae [ ]
Canidae
Species
Common name
Distribution
Status
Image
Canis latrans
Coyote
ubiquitous throughout Texas
LC
Canis lupus
Gray wolf
all subspecies previously found in Texas are either extinct or extirpated; see below
LC
C. l. baileyi
Mexican wolf
extirpated
EN
C. l. monstrabilis
Texas wolf
extinct
EX
C. l. nubilus
Great Plains wolf
extinct
EX
C. l. rufus
Red wolf
extirpated
CR
Urocyon cinereoargenteus
Gray fox
LC
Vulpes macrotis
Kit fox
LC
Vulpes velox
Swift fox
LC
Felidae [ ] Jaguarundi (Herpailurus yagouaroundi ) extirpatedBobcat (Lynx rufus )Ocelot (Leopardus pardalis )Margay (Leopardus wiedii ) extirpatedJaguar (Panthera onca ) extirpatedCougar (Puma concolor )Procyonidae [ ]
Procyonidae
Species
Common name
Distribution
Status
Image
Bassariscus astutus
Ring-tailed cat
Common in the Trans-Pecos , Edwards Plateau and Cross Timbers ecoregions, but also seen statewide except the panhandle[8]
LC
Nasua narica
White-nosed coati
Recently, only seen in the Big Bend and Padre Island regions[8]
LC
Procyon lotor
Raccoon
Ubiquitous throughout Texas
LC
Mephitidae [ ]
Mephitidae
Species
Common name
Distribution
Status
Image
Conepatus leuconotus
American hog-nosed skunk
Mephitis macroura
Hooded skunk
Mephitis mephitis
Striped skunk
Spilogale gracilis
Western spotted skunk
Spilogale putorius
Eastern spotted skunk
Mustelidae [ ] North American river otter (Lontra canadensis )Black-footed ferret (Mustela nigripes ) extirpatedLong-tailed weasel (Neogale frenata )American mink (Neogale vison )American badger (Taxidea taxus )Ursidae [ ]
Ursidae
Species
Common name
Distribution
Status
Image
Ursus americanus
American black bear
Found in the forested areas of east Texas, the Trans-Pecos region, and at the tip of the Panhandle [8]
LC
Ursus arctos
Brown bear
all populations once present in Texas are either extirpated or extinct; see below
LC
U. a. horribilis
Grizzly bear
extirpated; the only documented grizzly bear (U. a. horribilis ) specimen was killed in 1905 in Jeff Davis County [8]
U. a. horriblis
Mexican grizzly bear
extinct[11] [12]
EX
Order Artiodactyla [ ] Tayassuidae [ ]
Tayassuidae
Species
Common name
Distribution
Status
Image
Dicotyles tajacu
Collared peccary
Mostly restricted to western Texas and south of San Antonio. Introduced populations occur in north Texas[8]
LC
Cervidae [ ] Elk (Cervus canadensis ) reintroduced
Mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus )White-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus )Antilocapridae [ ]
Antilocapridae
Species
Common name
Distribution
Status
Image
Antilocapra americana
Pronghorn
Native to Central and Western Texas; considered the pronghorn's easternmost range
LC
Bovidae [ ] American bison (Bison bison ) reintroduced[13] Plains bison (B. b. bison ) reintroducedBighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis )
Soricidae [ ] Talpidae [ ]
Talpidae
Species
Common name
Distribution
Status
Image
Scalopus aquaticus
Eastern mole
Documented in the eastern two-thirds of the state, eastern areas of South Texas, along the Canadian River drainage in the Panhandle , and in Presidio County in the west[14]
LC [15]
Order Sirenia [ ] Trichechidae [ ]
Trichechidae
Species
Common name
Distribution
Status
Image
Trichechus manatus
West Indian manatee
Rare in Texas waters, but observed in the Laguna Madre , Cow Bayou, and near Sabine Lake , Copano Bay , San José Island , Bolivar Peninsula , and the mouth of the Rio Grande [16]
VU
Didelphidae [ ]
Didelphidae
Species
Common name
Distribution
Status
Image
Didelphis virginiana
Virginia opossum
Found throughout the state except for the arid Trans-Pecos and Llano Estacado [17]
LC
Order Lagomorpha [ ] Leporidae [ ]
Leporidae
Species
Common name
Distribution
Status
Image
Lepus californicus
Black-tailed jackrabbit
LC
Sylvilagus aquaticus
Swamp rabbit
LC
Sylvilagus audubonni
Desert cottontail
LC
Sylvilagus floridanus
Eastern cottontail
LC
Sylvilagus holzneri
Robust cottontail
Davis Mountains , Guadalupe Mountains
VU
Order Rodentia [ ] Castoridae [ ]
Castoridae
Species
Common name
Distribution
Status
Image
Castor canadensis
North American beaver
LC
Cricetidae [ ] Erethizontidae [ ]
Erethizontidae
Species
Common name
Distribution
Status
Image
Erethizon dorsatum
North American porcupine
LC
Geomyidae [ ] Heteromyidae [ ] Sciuridae [ ] Order Cetacea [ ] Balaenidae [ ] Balaenopteridae [ ]
Balaenopteridae
Species
Common name
Distribution
Status
Image
Balaenoptera acutorostrata
Minke whale
Seen stranded occasionally, rare sightings. Last seen in Texas in the 1980s.[18] [8]
Balaenoptera brydei Balaenoptera edeni
Bryde's whale
Seen yearly in every season but the fall in shallow waters. Taxonomy up to debate[8] [18]
Balaenoptera musculus
Blue whale
Balaenoptera physalus
Fin whale
Megaptera novaeangliae
Humpback whale
Kogiidae [ ] Kogiidae is a family of whales.
Kogiidae
Species
Common name
Distribution
Status
Image
Kogia breviceps
Pygmy sperm whale
Kogia simus
Dwarf sperm whale
Physeteridae [ ] Physeteridae is a monotypic family of whales only containing the extant Physeter macrocephalus .
Physeteridae
Species
Common name
Distribution
Status
Image
Physeter macrocephalus
Sperm whale
Ziphiidae [ ] Delphinidae [ ] Introduced/invasive mammals [ ] Order Primates [ ]
Primates
Species
Common name
Distribution
Status
Image
Macaca fuscata
Japanese macaque
Introduced to a sanctuary in Frio County [20] [21]
LC
Order Carnivora [ ] Canidae (canids) [ ]
Canidae
Species
Common name
Distribution
Status
Image
Vulpes vulpes
Red fox
While native to North America, red foxes were introduced to Texas and have expanded over most of the state, except the far western and southern regions[8] [22] [23]
LC
Order Artiodactyla [ ] Suidae (pigs) [ ]
Suidae
Species
Common name
Distribution
Status
Image
Sus scrofa
Wild boar
Ubiquitous throughout Texas
LC
Cervidae (deer) [ ] Bovidae (antelopes & sheep) [ ]
Bovidae
Species
Common name
Distribution
Status
Image
Ammotragus lervia
Barbary sheep
VU
Antilope cervicapra
Blackbuck
LC
Boselaphus tragocamelus
Nilgai
LC
Oryx gazella
Gemsbok
LC
Order Rodentia [ ] Muridae (Old World mice & rats) [ ]
Muridae
Species
Common name
Distribution
Status
Image
Mus musculus
House mouse
Ubiquitous throughout Texas
LC
Rattus norvegicus
Brown rat
Widespread throughout Texas, however not as common in the southern half of Texas as Rattus rattus [8]
LC
Rattus rattus
Black rat
Ubiquitous throughout Texas
LC
Myocastoridae (Nutria) [ ]
Myocastoridae
Species
Common name
Distribution
Status
Image
Myocastor coypus
Nutria
Invasive species in eastern two-thirds of Texas, currently expanding westward[24]
LC
See also [ ]
Texas portal Mammals portal Ecology portal Environment portal
Notes and references [ ] Notes [ ] ^ a: Conservation status at a world level of the species according to the IUCN Red List :
Conservation status - IUCN Red List of Threatened Species :
EX Extinct EW Extinct in the wild CR Critically endangered EN Endangered VU Vulnerable NT Near threatened LC Least concern DD Data deficient NE Not evaluated Citations [ ]
^ a b "Texas Ecoregions" . Texas Parks & Wildlife Department . Archived from the original on November 5, 2020. Retrieved October 3, 2020 .^ "Native Habitats & Ecosystems" . Audubon . Archived from the original on March 16, 2018. Retrieved October 3, 2020 .^ "Ecoregion Download Files by State - Region 6" . Environmental Protection Agency . Archived from the original on July 25, 2020. Retrieved October 3, 2020 .^ "Texas River Guide" . Texas Parks & Wildlife Department . Archived from the original on September 29, 2020. Retrieved October 3, 2020 .^ "Texas" . National Wild and Scenic Rivers System . Archived from the original on October 2, 2020. Retrieved October 3, 2020 .^ "Armadillo" . Britannica . Archived from the original on October 18, 2020. Retrieved October 16, 2020 .^ "Nine-Banded Armadillo" . Texas Parks & Wildlife Department . Archived from the original on October 18, 2020. Retrieved October 12, 2020 .^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af Schmidley, David. "The Mammals of Texas, Online Edition (7th Edition)" . Texas Tech Natural Science Research Laboratory . University of Texas Press. Archived from the original on 24 October 2020. Retrieved 17 October 2020 . ^ "Ghost-faced Bat (Mormoops megalophylla )" . Texas Parks & Wildlife Department . Archived from the original on October 14, 2020. Retrieved October 13, 2020 .^ "Pallid Bat (Antrozous pallidus )" . Texas Parks & Wildlife Department . Archived from the original on October 17, 2020. Retrieved October 16, 2020 .^ Meyer, John R. (December 2006). "The Last Texas Grizzly" . Texas Parks & Wildlife . Archived from the original on August 10, 2020. Retrieved October 12, 2020 . ^ "Mexican grizzly bear (extinct)" . Bear Conversation . Archived from the original on December 27, 2019. Retrieved October 12, 2020 .^ Texas Parks & Wlidlife. "Texas State Bison Herd" (PDF) . Texas Parks and Wildlife . Retrieved July 7, 2021 . ^ "Eastern Mole" . Natural Science Research Laboratory . Texas Tech University. Archived from the original on October 19, 2020. Retrieved October 16, 2020 .^ Matson, J., Woodman, N., Castro-Arellano, I. & de Grammont, P.C. (2015). "Scalopus aquaticus " . IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016 : e.T41471A115188304. doi :10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T41471A22319923.en CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link ) {{cite iucn}}: error: |doi= / |page= mismatch (help ) ^ "West Indian Manatee" . Natural Science Research Laboratory . Texas Tech University. Retrieved October 16, 2020 .^ "Virginia Opossum (Didelphis virginiana )" . Texas Parks & Wildlife Department . Archived from the original on October 17, 2020. Retrieved October 16, 2020 .^ a b Würsig, Bernd (27 June 2017). Habitats and Biota of the Gulf of Mexico: Before the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill ISBN 978-1-4939-3456-0 Archived from the original on 26 October 2020. Retrieved 22 October 2020 . ^ "Killer Whale" . Natural Science Research Laboratory . Texas Tech University. Archived from the original on October 18, 2020. Retrieved October 24, 2020 .^ Baker, Ed (5 August 2005). "The Legendary Snow Monkeys of Texas: A brief open season on monkeys resulted in protections for them in the Lone Star State" . The Austin Chronicle . Archived from the original on 5 June 2011. Retrieved 3 May 2011 . ^ Born Free USA: Primate Sanctuary: About the Sanctuary archived from the original on 20 April 2011, retrieved 3 May 2011 ^ Potts, Allen (1912). Fox Hunting in America 7 , 38. Retrieved 9 July 2016 . ^ "Introducing Mammals to Young Naturalists - Red Foxes" . Texas Parks & Wildlife . Texas Parks & Wildlife. Archived from the original on 23 October 2020. Retrieved 22 October 2020 .^ "Nutria" . Natural Science Research Laboratory . Texas Tech University. Archived from the original on October 17, 2020. Retrieved October 17, 2020 .
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