List of mammals of Alabama

The U.S. state of Alabama is home to these known indigenous mammal species.^[1] Historically, the state's indigenous species included one armadillo species, sixteen bat species, thirteen carnivore species, six insectivore species, one opossum species, four rabbit species, twenty-two rodent species, and three ungulate species.^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]^[6]^[7] Four of these native species have become extirpated within the state, including the American bison (Bison bison), cougar (Puma concolor), gray wolf (Canis lupus), and the elk (Cervus canadensis).^[1]^[8]

There are six known introduced mammal species in the state. These include the black rat, brown rat, fallow deer, wild boar, house mouse, and nutria.^[8]

Human predation and habitat destruction has placed several mammal species at risk of extirpation or extinction. The Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources lists the conservation status of each species within the state with a rank of lowest, low, moderate, high, and highest concern.^[3]^[5]^[6]^[7]^[8]

Armadillo[]

Image	Scientific name	Common name	Family	Conservation concern
	Dasypus novemcinctus	nine-banded armadillo common long-nosed armadillo	Dasypodidae	Low

Bats[]

Scientific name	Common name	Family	Conservation concern
Corynorhinus rafinesquii	Rafinesque's big-eared bat	Vespertilionidae	Highest
Eptesicus fuscus	big brown bat	Vespertilionidae	Lowest
Lasionycteris noctivagans	silver-haired bat	Vespertilionidae	Moderate
Lasiurus borealis	eastern red bat	Vespertilionidae	Lowest
Lasiurus cinereus	hoary bat	Vespertilionidae	Moderate
Lasiurus intermedius	northern yellow bat	Vespertilionidae	High
Lasiurus seminolus	Seminole bat	Vespertilionidae	Lowest
Myotis austroriparius	southeastern myotis	Vespertilionidae	High
Myotis grisescens	gray bat	Vespertilionidae	Highest
Myotis leibii	eastern small-footed myotis	Vespertilionidae	Moderate
Myotis lucifugus	little brown bat	Vespertilionidae	High
Myotis septentrionalis	northern long-eared myotis	Vespertilionidae	High
Myotis sodalis	Indiana myotis	Vespertilionidae	Highest
Nycticeius humeralis	evening bat	Vespertilionidae	Lowest
Perimyotis subflavus	eastern pipistrelle tricolored bat	Vespertilionidae	Lowest
Tadarida brasiliensis	Mexican free-tailed bat Brazilian free-tailed bat	Molossidae	High

Carnivores[]

Scientific name	Common name	Family	Conservation concern
Canis latrans	coyote	Canidae	Lowest
Canis lupus	grey wolf	Canidae	Extirpated
Canis lupus rufus	red wolf	Canidae	Extirpated
Urocyon cinereoargenteus	gray fox	Canidae	Lowest
Vulpes vulpes	red fox	Canidae	Lowest
Ursus americanus	American black bear	Ursidae	Highest Range limited to northeast Alabama and Mobile-Tensaw River Delta. Designated as state land mammal.
Procyon lotor	raccoon	Procyonidae	Lowest
Lontra canadensis	North American river otter	Mustelidae	Low
Neogale frenata	long-tailed weasel	Mustelidae	High
Neogale vison	American mink	Mustelidae	Low
Mephitis mephitis	striped skunk	Mephitidae	Low
Spilogale putorius	eastern spotted skunk	Mephitidae	High
Lynx rufus	bobcat	Felidae	Lowest
Puma concolor	cougar mountain lion panther puma	Felidae	Extirpated

Eulipotyphlans[]

Scientific name	Common name	Family	Conservation concern
Blarina brevicauda	northern short-tailed shrew	Soricidae	Moderate
Blarina carolinensis	southern short-tailed shrew	Soricidae	Moderate
Cryptotis parva	North American least shrew	Soricidae	Moderate
Sorex hoyi	American pygmy shrew	Soricidae	High
Sorex longirostris	southeastern shrew	Soricidae	Moderate
Scalopus aquaticus	eastern mole	Talpidae	Low

Opossum[]

Image	Scientific name	Common name	Family	Conservation concern
	Didelphis virginiana	Virginia opossum North American opossum	Didelphidae	Low

Rabbits[]

Scientific name	Common name	Family	Conservation concern
Sylvilagus aquaticus	swamp rabbit	Leporidae	Low
Sylvilagus floridanus	eastern cottontail	Leporidae	Lowest
Sylvilagus obscurus	Appalachian cottontail	Leporidae	High
Sylvilagus palustris	marsh rabbit	Leporidae	High

Rodents[]

Scientific name	Common name	Family	Conservation concern
Castor canadensis	North American beaver	Castoridae	Lowest
Glaucomys volans	southern flying squirrel	Sciuridae	Lowest
Marmota monax	woodchuck groundhog	Sciuridae	Lowest
Sciurus carolinensis	eastern gray squirrel	Sciuridae	Lowest
Sciurus niger	fox squirrel eastern fox squirrel Bryant's fox squirrel	Sciuridae	Low
Tamias striatus	eastern chipmunk	Sciuridae	Lowest
Geomys pinetis	southeastern pocket gopher	Geomyidae	High
Microtus ochrogaster	prairie vole	Cricetidae	Moderate
Microtus pinetorum	pine vole woodland vole	Cricetidae	Low
Neotoma cinerea	eastern woodrat Florida woodrat	Cricetidae	Moderate
Neotoma magister	Allegheny woodrat	Cricetidae	High
Ochrotomys nuttalli	golden mouse	Cricetidae	Lowest
Ondatra zibethicus	muskrat	Cricetidae	Lowest
Oryzomys palustris	marsh rice rat	Cricetidae	Lowest
Peromyscus gossypinus	cotton mouse	Cricetidae	Lowest
Peromyscus leucopus	white-footed mouse	Cricetidae	Lowest
Peromyscus polionotus	oldfield mouse beach mouse	Cricetidae	Moderate
Peromyscus polionotus ammobates	Alabama beach mouse	Cricetidae	Highest Range limited to Fort Morgan Peninsula and Ono Island in Baldwin County.
Peromyscus polionotus trissyllepsis	Perdido Key beach mouse	Cricetidae	Highest Range limited to the barrier island of Perdido Key in Baldwin County, Alabama.
Reithrodontomys humulis	eastern harvest mouse	Cricetidae	Moderate
Sigmodon hispidus	hispid cotton rat	Cricetidae	Lowest
Mus musculus	house mouse	Muridae	Introduced
Rattus rattus	black rat	Muridae	Introduced
Rattus norvegicus	Norway rat brown rat	Muridae	Introduced
Zapus hudsonius	meadow jumping mouse	Dipodidae	High
Myocastor coypus	nutria coypu river rat	Myocastoridae	Introduced

Cetaceans[]

Scientific name	Common name	Family	Conservation concern
Eubalaena glacialis	North Atlantic right whale	Balaenidae	Critically endangered
Balaenoptera ricei	Rice's whale	Balaenopteridae	Critically endangered
Balaenoptera acutorostrata	common minke whale	Balaenopteridae	Least concern
Balaenoptera borealis	sei whale	Balaenopteridae	Endangered
Balaenoptera brydei	Bryde's whale	Balaenopteridae	Least concern
Balaenoptera musculus	blue whale	Balaenopteridae	Endangered
Balaenoptera physalus	fin whale	Balaenopteridae	Vulnerable
Megaptera novaeangliae	humpback whale	Balaenopteridae	Least concern
Physeter macrocephalus	sperm whale	Physeteridae	Vulnerable
Kogia breviceps	pygmy sperm whale	Kogiidae	Least concern
Kogia sima	dwarf sperm whale	Kogiidae	Least concern
Mesoplodon bidens	Sowerby's beaked whale	Ziphiidae	Least concern
Mesoplodon densirostris	Blainville's beaked whale	Ziphiidae	Least concern
Mesoplodon europaeus	Gervais' beaked whale	Ziphiidae	Least concern
Peponocephala electra	melon-headed whale	Ziphiidae	Least concern
Ziphius cavirostris	Cuvier's beaked whale	Ziphiidae	Least concern
Feresa attenuata	pygmy killer Whale	Delphinidae	Least concern
Globicephala macrorhynchus	short-finned pilot whale	Delphinidae	Least concern
Grampus griseus	Risso's dolphin	Delphinidae	Least concern
Lagenodelphis hosei	Fraser's dolphin	Delphinidae	Least concern
Orcinus orca	killer whale	Delphinidae	Data deficient
Pseudorca crassidens	false killer Whale	Delphinidae	Near threatened
Stenella frontalis	Atlantic spotted dolphin	Delphinidae	Least concern
Stenella coeruleoalba	striped dolphin	Delphinidae	Least concern
Stenella attenuata	pantropical spotted dolphin	Delphinidae	Least concern
Stenella longirostris	spinner dolphin	Delphinidae	Least concern
Stenella clymene	Clymene dolphin	Delphinidae	Least concern
Steno bredanensis	rough-toothed dolphin	Delphinidae	Least concern
Tursiops truncatus	common bottlenose dolphin	Delphinidae	Least concern

Ungulates[]

Scientific name	Common name	Family	Conservation concern
Cervus canadensis	elk	Cervidae	Extirpated; reintroduction in 1920's failed^[9]
Dama dama	fallow deer	Cervidae	Introduced
Odocoileus virginianus	white-tailed deer Virginia deer	Cervidae	Lowest
Sus scrofa	wild boar	Suidae	Introduced
Bison bison	American bison American buffalo	Bovidae	Extirpated

References[]

^ ^a ^b Mirarchi, Ralph E. (2004). Alabama Wildlife: Volume One. Tuscaloosa, Alabama: University of Alabama Press. pp. 185–202. ISBN 978-0-81735-1304.
^ Alden, Peter (1999). National Audubon Society Field Guide to the Southeastern States. New York, New York: Alfred A. Knopf. pp. 350–375. ISBN -0-679-44683-4.
^ ^a ^b "Bats". Outdoor Alabama. Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources. Retrieved October 14, 2012.
^ "Carnivores". Outdoor Alabama. Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources. Archived from the original on October 22, 2012. Retrieved October 14, 2012.
^ ^a ^b "Insectivores". Outdoor Alabama. Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources. Retrieved October 14, 2012.
^ ^a ^b "Rabbits". Outdoor Alabama. Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources. Archived from the original on September 14, 2012. Retrieved October 14, 2012.
^ ^a ^b "Rodents". Outdoor Alabama. Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources. Archived from the original on October 22, 2012. Retrieved October 14, 2012.
^ ^a ^b ^c "Mammals". Outdoor Alabama. Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources. Archived from the original on September 27, 2012. Retrieved October 14, 2012.
^ "The Alabama Elk Experiment".

[alawildlife-1] Mirarchi, Ralph E. (2004). Alabama Wildlife: Volume One. Tuscaloosa, Alabama: University of Alabama Press. pp. 185–202. ISBN 978-0-81735-1304.

[2] Alden, Peter (1999). National Audubon Society Field Guide to the Southeastern States. New York, New York: Alfred A. Knopf. pp. 350–375. ISBN -0-679-44683-4.

[outalabats-3] "Bats". Outdoor Alabama. Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources. Retrieved October 14, 2012.

[outalacarni-4] "Carnivores". Outdoor Alabama. Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources. Archived from the original on October 22, 2012. Retrieved October 14, 2012.

[outalainsecti-5] "Insectivores". Outdoor Alabama. Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources. Retrieved October 14, 2012.

[outalarabbits-6] "Rabbits". Outdoor Alabama. Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources. Archived from the original on September 14, 2012. Retrieved October 14, 2012.

[outalarodents-7] "Rodents". Outdoor Alabama. Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources. Archived from the original on October 22, 2012. Retrieved October 14, 2012.

[outalamam-8] "Mammals". Outdoor Alabama. Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources. Archived from the original on September 27, 2012. Retrieved October 14, 2012.

[9] "The Alabama Elk Experiment".

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