List of massacres of Armenians
This is the list of massacres of ethnic Armenians.
List[]
Name | Date | Location | Perpetrators | Armenian victims | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Hamidian massacres | 1894–1896 | ![]() |
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88,243[1]–300,000[2] | |
Armenian–Tatar massacres | 1905–1907 | ![]() |
Azerbaijani mobs and irregulars | 500[citation needed] | |
Adana massacre | April 1909 | ![]() |
Muslim mobs | 19,479[3]–25,000[4] | |
Armenian genocide | 1915–1922 | ![]() |
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800,000–1,500,000[5][6] | |
September Days | September 1918 | ![]() (under Ottoman control at the time) |
![]() Azerbaijani mobs |
10,000–30,000[7] | |
Agulis Massacre | December 24–25, 1919 | ![]() |
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1,400[8] | |
Khaibalikend massacre | June 1919 | ![]() |
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700[9] | |
Shusha massacre | March 1920 | ![]() |
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500[10]–20,000[11] | |
Turkish–Armenian War | September–December 1920 | ![]() |
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60,000[12]–198,000[13] | |
Sumgait pogrom | February 1988 | ![]() |
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26 (official) to 200[14](nonofficial sources) | |
Kirovabad pogrom | November 1988 | ![]() |
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10–12 (official)[15] to 130[16](nonofficial sources) | |
Baku pogrom | January 1990 | ![]() |
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90[17] | |
Dushanbe riots | February 12–14, 1990 | ![]() |
Tajik nationalist & Islamist activists | 26 | |
Maraga massacre | 10 April 1992 | Maraga, Nagorno-Karabakh | ![]() |
50–100[18][19][20] |
See also[]
- Anti-Armenian sentiment
- List of massacres in Azerbaijan
- Massacres in the course of the Nagorno-Karabakh War
References[]
- ^ Hovannisian, Richard G. (1967). Armenia on the road to independence, 1918. Berkeley: University of California Press. p. 267. ISBN 0-520-00574-0. OCLC 825110.
- ^ Akçam, Taner (2006) A Shameful Act: The Armenian Genocide and the Question of Turkish Responsibility p. 42, Metropolitan Books, New York ISBN 978-0-8050-7932-6
- ^ Hovannisian, Richard G. (1967). Armenia on the road to independence, 1918. Berkeley: University of California Press. p. 268. ISBN 0-520-00574-0. OCLC 825110.
In the report of Hakob Papikian, member of Parliament and the Inquiry, the number of victims given is 21,000, of whom 19,479 were Armenian, 850 Syrian, 422 Chaldean, and 250 Greek.
- ^ Suny, Ronald Grigor (2015). "They Can Live in the Desert but Nowhere Else": A History of the Armenian Genocide. Princeton University Press. p. 171. ISBN 978-1-4008-6558-1.
- ^ Bijak, Jakub; Lubman, Sarah (2016). "The Disputed Numbers: In Search of the Demographic Basis for Studies of Armenian Population Losses, 1915–1923". The Armenian Genocide Legacy. Palgrave Macmillan UK. pp. 26–43. ISBN 978-1-137-56163-3.
- ^ Morris, Benny; Ze’evi, Dror (2019). The Thirty-Year Genocide: Turkey's Destruction of Its Christian Minorities, 1894–1924. Harvard University Press. p. 486. ISBN 978-0-674-91645-6.
- ^ Hovannisian, Richard G. (1967). Armenia on the Road to Independence, 1918. Berkeley: University of California Press. pp. 227, 312, note 36. ISBN 0-520-00574-0.
- ^ Hovannisian, Richard G. (1982). "The Doom of Akulis". The Republic of Armenia, Vol. II: From Versailles to London, 1919-1920. Berkeley: University of California Press. pp. 207–238. ISBN 0-520-04186-0.
- ^ Wright, John F. R. (1996). Transcaucasian Boundaries. Psychology Press. p. 99. ISBN 9780203214473.
- ^ Richard G. Hovannisian. The Republic of Armenia, Vol. III: From London to Sèvres, February–August 1920 p. 152
- ^ "The Nagorno-Karabagh Crisis: A Blueprint for Resolution" (PDF). Public International Law & Policy Group and the New England Center for International Law & Policy. June 2000. p. 3.
In August 1919, the Karabagh National Council entered into a provisional treaty agreement with the Azerbaijani government. Despite signing the Agreement, the Azerbaijani government continuously violated the terms of the treaty. This culminated in March 1920 with the Azerbaijanis' massacre of Armenians in Karabagh's former capital, Shushi, in which it is estimated that more than 20,000 Armenians were killed.
- ^ The History of the Armenian Genocide: Ethnic Conflict from the Balkans to Anatolia to the Caucasus. New York: Berghahn Books, pp. 360–361. ISBN 1-57181-666-6.
- ^ Akçam, Taner (2007). A Shameful Act: The Armenian Genocide and the Question of Turkish Responsibility. pp. 327. - Profile at Google Books
- ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 16 May 2015. Retrieved 2 August 2015.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ Yuri Rost, "Armenian Tragedy", London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1990, p. 82.
- ^ Parks, Michael (27 November 1988). "Soviet Tells of Blocking Slaughter of Armenians : General Reports His Soldiers Have Suppressed Dozens of Massacre Attempts by Azerbaijanis". LA Times. Retrieved 20 January 2015.
- ^ de Waal, Thomas (2003). Black Garden: Armenia and Azerbaijan Through Peace and War. New York: New York University Press. p. 90. ISBN 978-0-8147-1945-9.
Around ninety Armenians died in the Baku pogroms.
- ^ De Waal. Black Garden, p. 176.
- ^ Human Rights Watch/Helsinki (1994). Azerbaijan: Seven years of conflict in Nagorno-Karabakh. New York: Human Rights Watch. p. 6. ISBN 1-56432-142-8.
- ^ Amnesty International. "Azerbaydzhan: Hostages in the Karabakh conflict: Civilians Continue to Pay the Price ." Amnesty International. April 1993 (POL 10/01/93), p. 9.
Categories:
- Massacres of Armenians
- Massacres in Turkey
- Massacres in Azerbaijan
- Massacres in Russia
- Massacres in Armenia
- Massacres in the Soviet Union