List of pitch intervals

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Comparison between tunings: Pythagorean, equal-tempered, quarter-comma meantone, and others. For each, the common origin is arbitrarily chosen as C. The degrees are arranged in the order or the cycle of fifths; as in each of these tunings except just intonation all fifths are of the same size, the tunings appear as straight lines, the slope indicating the relative tempering with respect to Pythagorean, which has pure fifths (3:2, 702 cents). The Pythagorean A (at the left) is at 792 cents, G (at the right) at 816 cents; the difference is the Pythagorean comma. Equal temperament by definition is such that A and G are at the same level. 14-comma meantone produces the "just" major third (5:4, 386 cents, a syntonic comma lower than the Pythagorean one of 408 cents). 13-comma meantone produces the "just" minor third (6:5, 316 cents, a syntonic comma higher than the Pythagorean one of 294 cents). In both these meantone temperaments, the enharmony, here the difference between A and G, is much larger than in Pythagorean, and with the flat degree higher than the sharp one.
Comparison of two sets of musical intervals. The equal-tempered intervals are black; the Pythagorean intervals are green.

Below is a list of intervals expressible in terms of a prime limit (see Terminology), completed by a choice of intervals in various equal subdivisions of the octave or of other intervals.

For commonly encountered harmonic or melodic intervals between pairs of notes in contemporary Western music theory, without consideration of the way in which they are tuned, see Interval (music) § Main intervals.

Terminology[]

  • The prime limit[1] henceforth referred to simply as the limit, is the largest prime number occurring in the factorizations of the numerator and denominator of the frequency ratio describing a rational interval. For instance, the limit of the just perfect fourth (4:3) is 3, but the just minor tone (10:9) has a limit of 5, because 10 can be factored into 2 × 5 (and 9 into 3 × 3). There exists another type of limit, the odd limit, a concept used by Harry Partch (bigger of odd numbers obtained after dividing numerator and denominator by highest possible powers of 2), but it is not used here. The term "limit" was devised by Partch.[1]
  • By definition, every interval in a given limit can also be part of a limit of higher order. For instance, a 3-limit unit can also be part of a 5-limit tuning and so on. By sorting the limit columns in the table below, all intervals of a given limit can be brought together (sort backwards by clicking the button twice).
  • Pythagorean tuning means 3-limit intonation—a ratio of numbers with prime factors no higher than three.
  • Just intonation means 5-limit intonation—a ratio of numbers with prime factors no higher than five.
  • Septimal, undecimal, tridecimal, and septendecimal mean, respectively, 7, 11, 13, and 17-limit intonation.
  • Meantone refers to meantone temperament, where the whole tone is the mean of the major third. In general, a meantone is constructed in the same way as Pythagorean tuning, as a stack of fifths: the tone is reached after two fifths, the major third after four, so that as all fifths are the same, the tone is the mean of the third. In a meantone temperament, each fifth is narrowed ("tempered") by the same small amount. The most common of meantone temperaments is the quarter-comma meantone, in which each fifth is tempered by 14 of the syntonic comma, so that after four steps the major third (as C-G-D-A-E) is a full syntonic comma lower than the Pythagorean one. The extremes of the meantone systems encountered in historical practice are the Pythagorean tuning, where the whole tone corresponds to 9:8, i.e. (3:2)2/2, the mean of the major third (3:2)4/4, and the fifth (3:2) is not tempered; and the 13-comma meantone, where the fifth is tempered to the extent that three ascending fifths produce a pure minor third.(See meantone temperaments). The music program Logic Pro uses also 12-comma meantone temperament.
  • Equal-tempered refers to X-tone equal temperament with intervals corresponding to X divisions per octave.
  • Tempered intervals however cannot be expressed in terms of prime limits and, unless exceptions, are not found in the table below.
  • The table can also be sorted by frequency ratio, by cents, or alphabetically.
  • Superparticular ratios are intervals that can be expressed as the ratio of two consecutive integers.

List[]

Column Legend
TET X-tone equal temperament (12-tet, etc.).
Limit 3-limit intonation, or Pythagorean.
5-limit "just" intonation, or just.
7-limit intonation, or septimal.
11-limit intonation, or undecimal.
13-limit intonation, or tridecimal.
17-limit intonation, or septendecimal.
19-limit intonation, or novendecimal.
Higher limits.
M Meantone temperament or tuning.
S Superparticular ratio (no separate color code).
List of musical intervals
Cents Note (from C) Freq. ratio Prime factors Interval name TET Limit M S
0.00 C[2] 1 : 1 1 : 1 About this soundplay Unison,[3] monophony,[4] perfect prime,[3] tonic,[5] or fundamental 1, 12 3 M
0.03 65537 : 65536 65537 : 216 About this soundplay Sixty-five-thousand-five-hundred-thirty-seventh harmonic 65537 S
0.40 C7 4375 : 4374 54×7 : 2×37 About this soundplay Ragisma[3][6] 7 S
0.72 E7777triple flat+ 2401 : 2400 74 : 25×3×52 About this soundplay Breedsma[3][6] 7 S
1.00 21/1200 21/1200 About this soundplay Cent[7] 1200
1.20 21/1000 21/1000 About this soundplay Millioctave 1000
1.95 B++ 32805 : 32768 38×5 : 215 About this soundplay Schisma[3][5] 5
1.96 3:2÷(27/12) 3 : 219/12 Grad, Werckmeister[8]
3.99 101/1000 21/1000×51/1000 About this soundplay Savart or eptaméride 301.03
7.71 B7 upside-down 225 : 224 32×52 : 25×7 About this soundplay Septimal kleisma,[3][6] marvel comma 7 S
8.11 Bdouble sharp 15625 : 15552 56 : 26×35 About this soundplay Kleisma or semicomma majeur[3][6] 5
10.06 Adouble sharpdouble sharp++ 2109375 : 2097152 33×57 : 221 About this soundplay Semicomma,[3][6] Fokker's comma[3] 5
10.85 C43U 160 : 159 25×5 : 3×53 About this soundplay Difference between 5:3 & 53:32 53 S
11.98 C29 145 : 144 5×29 : 24×32 About this soundplay Difference between 29:16 & 9:5 29 S
12.50 21/96 21/96 About this soundplay Sixteenth tone 96
13.07 B7 upside-down7 upside-down7 upside-down 1728 : 1715 26×33 : 5×73 About this soundplay Orwell comma[3][9] 7
13.47 C43 129 : 128 3×43 : 27 About this soundplay Hundred-twenty-ninth harmonic 43 S
13.79 Ddouble flat7 126 : 125 2×32×7 : 53 About this soundplay Small septimal semicomma,[6] small septimal comma,[3] starling comma 7 S
14.37 C 121 : 120 112 : 23×3×5 About this soundplay Undecimal seconds comma[3] 11 S
16.67 C[a] 21/72 21/72 About this soundplay 1 step in 72 equal temperament 72
18.13 C19U 96 : 95 25×3 : 5×19 About this soundplay Difference between 19:16 & 6:5 19 S
19.55 Ddouble flat--[2] 2048 : 2025 211 : 34×52 About this soundplay Diaschisma,[3][6] minor comma 5
21.51 C+[2] 81 : 80 34 : 24×5 About this soundplay Syntonic comma,[3][5][6] major comma, komma, chromatic diesis, or comma of Didymus[3][6][10][11] 5 S
22.64 21/53 21/53 About this soundplay Holdrian comma, Holder's comma, 1 step in 53 equal temperament 53
23.46 B+++ 531441 : 524288 312 : 219 About this soundplay Pythagorean comma,[3][5][6][10][11] ditonic comma[3][6] 3
25.00 21/48 21/48 About this soundplay Eighth tone 48
26.84 C13 65 : 64 5×13 : 26 About this soundplay Sixty-fifth harmonic,[5] 13th-partial chroma[3] 13 S
27.26 C7 upside-down 64 : 63 26 : 32×7 About this soundplay Septimal comma,[3][6][11] Archytas' comma,[3] 63rd subharmonic 7 S
29.27 21/41 21/41 About this soundplay 1 step in 41 equal temperament 41
31.19 D7 56 : 55 23×7 : 5×11 About this soundplay Undecimal diesis,[3] Ptolemy's enharmonic:[5] difference between (11 : 8) and (7 : 5) tritone 11 S
33.33 CHalf up arrow.png/DHalf down arrow.pngHalf down arrow.png[a] 21/36 21/36 About this soundplay Sixth tone 36, 72
34.28 C17 51 : 50 3×17 : 2×52 About this soundplay Difference between 17:16 & 25:24 17 S
34.98 B7 upside-down7 upside-down- 50 : 49 2×52 : 72 About this soundplay Septimal sixth tone or jubilisma, Erlich's decatonic comma or tritonic diesis[3][6] 7 S
35.70 D77 49 : 48 72 : 24×3 About this soundplay Septimal diesis, slendro diesis or septimal 1/6-tone[3] 7 S
38.05 C23 46 : 45 2×23 : 32×5 About this soundplay Inferior quarter tone,[5] difference between 23:16 & 45:32 23 S
38.71 21/31 21/31 About this soundplay 1 step in 31 equal temperament 31
38.91 C+ 45 : 44 32×5 : 4×11 About this soundplay Undecimal diesis or undecimal fifth tone 11 S
40.00 21/30 21/30 About this soundplay Fifth tone 30
41.06 Ddouble flat 128 : 125 27 : 53 About this soundplay Enharmonic diesis or 5-limit limma, minor diesis,[6] diminished second,[5][6] minor diesis or diesis,[3] 125th subharmonic 5
41.72 D41U7 42 : 41 2×3×7 : 41 About this soundplay Lesser 41-limit fifth tone 41 S
42.75 C41 41 : 40 41 : 23×5 About this soundplay Greater 41-limit fifth tone 41 S
43.83 C13 upside down 40 : 39 23×5 : 3×13 About this soundplay Tridecimal fifth tone 13 S
44.97 C19U13 39 : 38 3×13 : 2×19 About this soundplay Superior quarter-tone,[5] novendecimal fifth tone 19 S
46.17 D37U19double flat- 38 : 37 2×19 : 37 About this soundplay Lesser 37-limit quarter tone 37 S
47.43 C37 37 : 36 37 : 22×32 About this soundplay Greater 37-limit quarter tone 37 S
48.77 C7 upside-down 36 : 35 22×32 : 5×7 About this soundplay Septimal quarter tone, septimal diesis,[3][6] septimal chroma,[2] superior quarter tone[5] 7 S
49.98 246 : 239 3×41 : 239 About this soundplay Just quarter tone[11] 239
50.00 Chalf sharp/Dthree quarter flat 21/24 21/24 About this soundplay Equal-tempered quarter tone 24
50.18 D17 upside down7 35 : 34 5×7 : 2×17 About this soundplay ET quarter-tone approximation,[5] lesser 17-limit quarter tone 17 S
50.72 B7 upside-down++ 59049 : 57344 310 : 213×7 About this soundplay Harrison's comma (10 P5s - 1 H7)[3] 7
51.68 C17 34 : 33 2×17 : 3×11 About this soundplay Greater 17-limit quarter tone 17 S
53.27 C 33 : 32 3×11 : 25 About this soundplay Thirty-third harmonic,[5] undecimal comma, undecimal quarter tone 11 S
54.96 D31U- 32 : 31 25 : 31 About this soundplay Inferior quarter-tone,[5] thirty-first subharmonic 31 S
56.55 B2323+ 529 : 512 232 : 29 About this soundplay Five-hundred-twenty-ninth harmonic 23
56.77 C31 31 : 30 31 : 2×3×5 About this soundplay Greater quarter-tone,[5] difference between 31:16 & 15:8 31 S
58.69 C29U 30 : 29 2×3×5 : 29 About this soundplay Lesser 29-limit quarter tone 29 S
60.75 C297 upside-down 29 : 28 29 : 22×7 About this soundplay Greater 29-limit quarter tone 29 S
62.96 D7- 28 : 27 22×7 : 33 About this soundplay Septimal minor second, small minor second, inferior quarter tone[5] 7 S
63.81 (3 : 2)1/11 31/11 : 21/11 About this soundplay Beta scale step 18.75
65.34 C13 upside down+ 27 : 26 33 : 2×13 About this soundplay Chromatic diesis,[12] tridecimal comma[3] 13 S
66.34 D197 133 : 128 7×19 : 27 About this soundplay One-hundred-thirty-third harmonic 19
66.67 CSims flagged arrow down.svg/CHalf down arrow.png[a] 21/18 21/18 About this soundplay Third tone 18, 36, 72
67.90 D13double flat- 26 : 25 2×13 : 52 About this soundplay Tridecimal third tone, third tone[5] 13 S
70.67 C[2] 25 : 24 52 : 23×3 About this soundplay Just chromatic semitone or minor chroma,[3] lesser chromatic semitone, small (just) semitone[11] or minor second,[4] minor chromatic semitone,[13] or minor semitone,[5] 27-comma meantone chromatic semitone, augmented unison 5 S
73.68 D23U- 24 : 23 23×3 : 23 About this soundplay Lesser 23-limit semitone 23 S
75.00 21/16 23/48 About this soundplay 1 step in 16 equal temperament, 3 steps in 48 16, 48
76.96 C23+ 23 : 22 23 : 2×11 About this soundplay Greater 23-limit semitone 23 S
78.00 (3 : 2)1/9 31/9 : 21/9 About this soundplay Alpha scale step 15.39
79.31 67 : 64 67 : 26 About this soundplay Sixty-seventh harmonic[5] 67
80.54 C7 upside-down- 22 : 21 2×11 : 3×7 About this soundplay Hard semitone,[5] two-fifth tone small semitone 11 S
84.47 D7 21 : 20 3×7 : 22×5 About this soundplay Septimal chromatic semitone, minor semitone[3] 7 S
88.80 C19U 20 : 19 22×5 : 19 About this soundplay Novendecimal augmented unison 19 S
90.22 D−−[2] 256 : 243 28 : 35 About this soundplay Pythagorean minor second or limma,[3][6][11] Pythagorean diatonic semitone, Low Semitone[14] 3
92.18 C+[2] 135 : 128 33×5 : 27 About this soundplay Greater chromatic semitone, chromatic semitone, semitone medius, major chroma or major limma,[3] small limma,[11] major chromatic semitone,[13] limma ascendant[5] 5
93.60 D19- 19 : 18 19 : 2×9 Novendecimal minor secondAbout this soundplay 19 S
97.36 D↓↓ 128 : 121 27 : 112 About this soundplay 121st subharmonic,[5][6] undecimal minor second 11
98.95 D17 upside down 18 : 17 2×32 : 17 About this soundplay Just minor semitone, Arabic lute index finger[3] 17 S
100.00 C/D 21/12 21/12 About this soundplay Equal-tempered minor second or semitone 12 M
104.96 C17[2] 17 : 16 17 : 24 About this soundplay Minor diatonic semitone, just major semitone, overtone semitone,[5] 17th harmonic,[3] limma[citation needed] 17 S
111.45 255 (5 : 1)1/25 About this soundplay Studie II interval (compound just major third, 5:1, divided into 25 equal parts) 25
111.73 D-[2] 16 : 15 24 : 3×5 About this soundplay Just minor second,[15] just diatonic semitone, large just semitone or major second,[4] major semitone,[5] limma, minor diatonic semitone,[3] diatonic second[16] semitone,[14] diatonic semitone,[11] 16-comma meantone minor second 5 S
113.69 C++ 2187 : 2048 37 : 211 About this soundplay Apotome[3][11] or Pythagorean major semitone,[6] Pythagorean augmented unison, Pythagorean chromatic semitone, or Pythagorean apotome 3
116.72 (18 : 5)1/19 21/19×32/19 : 51/19 About this soundplay Secor 10.28
119.44 C7 upside-down 15 : 14 3×5 : 2×7 About this soundplay Septimal diatonic semitone, major diatonic semitone,[3] Cowell semitone[5] 7 S
125.00 25/48 25/48 About this soundplay 5 steps in 48 equal temperament 48
128.30 D13 upside down7 14 : 13 2×7 : 13 About this soundplay Lesser tridecimal 2/3-tone[17] 13 S
130.23 C23+ 69 : 64 3×23 : 26 About this soundplay Sixty-ninth harmonic[5] 23
133.24 D 27 : 25 33 : 52 About this soundplay Semitone maximus, minor second, large limma or Bohlen-Pierce small semitone,[3] high semitone,[14] alternate Renaissance half-step,[5] large limma, acute minor second[citation needed] 5
133.33 CHalf up arrow.png/DHalf up arrow.png[a] 21/9 22/18 About this soundplay Two-third tone 9, 18, 36, 72
138.57 D13- 13 : 12 13 : 22×3 About this soundplay Greater tridecimal 2/3-tone,[17] Three-quarter tone[5] 13 S
150.00 Cthree quarter sharp/Dhalf flat 23/24 21/8 About this soundplay Equal-tempered neutral second 8, 24
150.64 D↓[2] 12 : 11 22×3 : 11 About this soundplay 34 tone or Undecimal neutral second,[3][5] trumpet three-quarter tone,[11] middle finger [between frets][14] 11 S
155.14 D7 35 : 32 5×7 : 25 About this soundplay Thirty-fifth harmonic[5] 7
160.90 D−− 800 : 729 25×52 : 36 About this soundplay Grave whole tone,[3] neutral second, grave major second[citation needed] 5
165.00 D[2] 11 : 10 11 : 2×5 About this soundplay Greater undecimal minor/major/neutral second, 4/5-tone[6] or Ptolemy's second[3] 11 S
171.43 21/7 21/7 About this soundplay 1 step in 7 equal temperament 7
175.00 27/48 27/48 About this soundplay 7 steps in 48 equal temperament 48
179.70 71 : 64 71 : 26 About this soundplay Seventy-first harmonic[5] 71
180.45 Edouble flat−−− 65536 : 59049 216 : 310 About this soundplay Pythagorean diminished third,[3][6] Pythagorean minor tone 3
182.40 D-[2] 10 : 9 2×5 : 32 About this soundplay Small just whole tone or major second,[4] minor whole tone,[3][5] lesser whole tone,[16] minor tone,[14] minor second,[11] half-comma meantone major second 5 S
200.00 D 22/12 21/6 About this soundplay Equal-tempered major second 6, 12 M
203.91 D[2] 9 : 8 32 : 23 About this soundplay Pythagorean major second, Large just whole tone or major second[11] (sesquioctavan),[4] tonus, major whole tone,[3][5] greater whole tone,[16] major tone[14] 3 S
215.89 D29 145 : 128 5×29 : 27 About this soundplay Hundred-forty-fifth harmonic 29
223.46 Edouble flat[2] 256 : 225 28 : 32×52 About this soundplay Just diminished third,[16] 225th subharmonic 5
225.00 23/16 29/48 About this soundplay 9 steps in 48 equal temperament 16, 48
227.79 73 : 64 73 : 26 About this soundplay Seventy-third harmonic[5] 73
231.17 D7 upside-down[2] 8 : 7 23 : 7 About this soundplay Septimal major second,[4] septimal whole tone[3][5] 7 S
240.00 21/5 21/5 About this soundplay 1 step in 5 equal temperament 5
247.74 D13 upside down 15 : 13 3×5 : 13 About this soundplay Tridecimal 54 tone[3] 13
250.00 Dhalf sharp/Ethree quarter flat 25/24 25/24 About this soundplay 5 steps in 24 equal temperament 24
251.34 D37 37 : 32 37 : 25 About this soundplay Thirty-seventh harmonic[5] 37
253.08 D 125 : 108 53 : 22×33 About this soundplay Semi-augmented whole tone,[3] semi-augmented second[citation needed] 5
262.37 E↓ 64 : 55 26 : 5×11 About this soundplay 55th subharmonic[5][6] 11
268.80 D2313 299 : 256 13×23 : 28 About this soundplay Two-hundred-ninety-ninth harmonic 23
266.87 E7[2] 7 : 6 7 : 2×3 About this soundplay Septimal minor third[3][4][11] or Sub minor third[14] 7 S
274.58 D[2] 75 : 64 3×52 : 26 About this soundplay Just augmented second,[16] Augmented tone,[14] augmented second[5][13] 5
275.00 211/48 211/48 About this soundplay 11 steps in 48 equal temperament 48
289.21 E13 13 : 11 13 : 11 About this soundplay Tridecimal minor third[3] 13
294.13 E[2] 32 : 27 25 : 33 About this soundplay Pythagorean minor third[3][5][6][14][16] semiditone, or 27th subharmonic 3
297.51 E19[2] 19 : 16 19 : 24 About this soundplay 19th harmonic,[3] 19-limit minor third, overtone minor third[5] 19
300.00 D/E 23/12 21/4 About this soundplay Equal-tempered minor third 4, 12 M
301.85 D7 upside-down- 25 : 21[5] 52 : 3×7 About this soundplay Quasi-equal-tempered minor third, 2nd 7-limit minor third, Bohlen-Pierce second[3][6] 7
310.26 6:5÷(81:80)1/4 22 : 53/4 About this soundplay Quarter-comma meantone minor third M
311.98 (3 : 2)4/9 34/9 : 24/9 About this soundplay Alpha scale minor third 3.85
315.64 E[2] 6 : 5 2×3 : 5 About this soundplay Just minor third,[3][4][5][11][16] minor third,[14] 13-comma meantone minor third 5 M S
317.60 D++ 19683 : 16384 39 : 214 About this soundplay Pythagorean augmented second[3][6] 3
320.14 E7 77 : 64 7×11 : 26 About this soundplay Seventy-seventh harmonic[5] 11
325.00 213/48 213/48 About this soundplay 13 steps in 48 equal temperament 48
336.13 D177 upside-down- 17 : 14 17 : 2×7 About this soundplay Superminor third[18] 17
337.15 E+ 243 : 200 35 : 23×52 About this soundplay Acute minor third[3] 5
342.48 E13 39 : 32 3×13 : 25 About this soundplay Thirty-ninth harmonic[5] 13
342.86 22/7 22/7 About this soundplay 2 steps in 7 equal temperament 7
342.91 E7 upside-down- 128 : 105 27 : 3×5×7 About this soundplay 105th subharmonic,[5] septimal neutral third[6] 7
347.41 E[2] 11 : 9 11 : 32 About this soundplay Undecimal neutral third[3][5] 11
350.00 Dthree quarter sharp/Ehalf flat 27/24 27/24 About this soundplay Equal-tempered neutral third 24
354.55 E+ 27 : 22 33 : 2×11 About this soundplay Zalzal's wosta[6] 12:11 X 9:8[14] 11
359.47 E13 upside down[2] 16 : 13 24 : 13 About this soundplay Tridecimal neutral third[3] 13
364.54 79 : 64 79 : 26 About this soundplay Seventy-ninth harmonic[5] 79
364.81 E− 100 : 81 22×52 : 34 About this soundplay Grave major third[3] 5
375.00 25/16 215/48 About this soundplay 15 steps in 48 equal temperament 16, 48
384.36 F−− 8192 : 6561 213 : 38 About this soundplay Pythagorean diminished fourth,[3][6] Pythagorean 'schismatic' third[5] 3
386.31 E[2] 5 : 4 5 : 22 About this soundplay Just major third,[3][4][5][11][16] major third,[14] quarter-comma meantone major third 5 M S
397.10 E237+ 161 : 128 7×23 : 27 About this soundplay One-hundred-sixty-first harmonic 23
400.00 E 24/12 21/3 About this soundplay Equal-tempered major third 3, 12 M
402.47 E1917 323 : 256 17×19 : 28 About this soundplay Three-hundred-twenty-third harmonic 19
407.82 E+[2] 81 : 64 34 : 26 About this soundplay Pythagorean major third,[3][5][6][14][16] ditone 3
417.51 F7+[2] 14 : 11 2×7 : 11 About this soundplay Undecimal diminished fourth or major third[3] 11
425.00 217/48 217/48 About this soundplay 17 steps in 48 equal temperament 48
427.37 F[2] 32 : 25 25 : 52 About this soundplay Just diminished fourth,[16] diminished fourth,[5][13] 25th subharmonic 5
429.06 E41 41 : 32 41 : 25 About this soundplay Forty-first harmonic[5] 41
435.08 E7 upside-down[2] 9 : 7 32 : 7 About this soundplay Septimal major third,[3][5] Bohlen-Pierce third,[3] Super major Third[14] 7
444.77 F↓ 128 : 99 27 : 9×11 About this soundplay 99th subharmonic[5][6] 11
450.00 Ehalf sharp/Fhalf flat 29/24 29/24 About this soundplay 9 steps in 24 equal temperament 24
450.05 83 : 64 83 : 26 About this soundplay Eighty-third harmonic[5] 83
454.21 F13 13 : 10 13 : 2×5 About this soundplay Tridecimal major third or diminished fourth 13
456.99 E[2] 125 : 96 53 : 25×3 About this soundplay Just augmented third, augmented third[5] 5
462.35 E7 upside-down7 upside-down- 64 : 49 26 : 72 About this soundplay 49th subharmonic[5][6] 7
470.78 F7+[2] 21 : 16 3×7 : 24 About this soundplay Twenty-first harmonic, narrow fourth,[3] septimal fourth,[5] wide augmented third,[citation needed] H7 on G 7
475.00 219/48 219/48 About this soundplay 19 steps in 48 equal temperament 48
478.49 E+ 675 : 512 33×52 : 29 About this soundplay Six-hundred-seventy-fifth harmonic, wide augmented third[3] 5
480.00 22/5 22/5 About this soundplay 2 steps in 5 equal temperament 5
491.27 E17 85 : 64 5×17 : 26 About this soundplay Eighty-fifth harmonic[5] 17
498.04 F[2] 4 : 3 22 : 3 About this soundplay Perfect fourth,[3][5][16] Pythagorean perfect fourth, Just perfect fourth or diatessaron[4] 3 S
500.00 F 25/12 25/12 About this soundplay Equal-tempered perfect fourth 12 M
501.42 F19+ 171 : 128 32×19 : 27 About this soundplay One-hundred-seventy-first harmonic 19
510.51 (3 : 2)8/11 38/11 : 28/11 About this soundplay Beta scale perfect fourth 18.75
511.52 F43 43 : 32 43 : 25 About this soundplay Forty-third harmonic[5] 43
514.29 23/7 23/7 About this soundplay 3 steps in 7 equal temperament 7
519.55 F+[2] 27 : 20 33 : 22×5 About this soundplay 5-limit wolf fourth, acute fourth,[3] imperfect fourth[16] 5
521.51 E+++ 177147 : 131072 311 : 217 About this soundplay Pythagorean augmented third[3][6] (F+ (pitch)) 3
525.00 27/16 221/48 About this soundplay 21 steps in 48 equal temperament 16, 48
531.53 F29+ 87 : 64 3×29 : 26 About this soundplay Eighty-seventh harmonic[5] 29
536.95 F+ 15 : 11 3×5 : 11 About this soundplay Undecimal augmented fourth[3] 11
550.00 Fhalf sharp/Gthree quarter flat 211/24 211/24 About this soundplay 11 steps in 24 equal temperament 24
551.32 F[2] 11 : 8 11 : 23 About this soundplay eleventh harmonic,[5] undecimal tritone,[5] lesser undecimal tritone, undecimal semi-augmented fourth[3] 11
563.38 F13 upside down+ 18 : 13 2×9 : 13 About this soundplay Tridecimal augmented fourth[3] 13
568.72 F[2] 25 : 18 52 : 2×32 About this soundplay Just augmented fourth[3][5] 5
570.88 89 : 64 89 : 26 About this soundplay Eighty-ninth harmonic[5] 89
575.00 223/48 223/48 About this soundplay 23 steps in 48 equal temperament 48
582.51 G7[2] 7 : 5 7 : 5 About this soundplay Lesser septimal tritone, septimal tritone[3][4][5] Huygens' tritone or Bohlen-Pierce fourth,[3] septimal fifth,[11] septimal diminished fifth[19] 7
588.27 G−− 1024 : 729 210 : 36 About this soundplay Pythagorean diminished fifth,[3][6] low Pythagorean tritone[5] 3
590.22 F+[2] 45 : 32 32×5 : 25 About this soundplay Just augmented fourth, just tritone,[4][11] tritone,[6] diatonic tritone,[3] 'augmented' or 'false' fourth,[16] high 5-limit tritone,[5] 16-comma meantone augmented fourth 5
595.03 G1919 361 : 256 192 : 28 About this soundplay Three-hundred-sixty-first harmonic 19
600.00 F/G 26/12 21/2=2 About this soundplay Equal-tempered tritone 2, 12 M
609.35 G137 91 : 64 7×13 : 26 About this soundplay Ninety-first harmonic[5] 13
609.78 G[2] 64 : 45 26 : 32×5 About this soundplay Just tritone,[4] 2nd tritone,[6] 'false' fifth,[16] diminished fifth,[13] low 5-limit tritone,[5] 45th subharmonic 5
611.73 F++ 729 : 512 36 : 29 About this soundplay Pythagorean tritone,[3][6] Pythagorean augmented fourth, high Pythagorean tritone[5] 3
617.49 F7 upside-down[2] 10 : 7 2×5 : 7 About this soundplay Greater septimal tritone, septimal tritone,[4][5] Euler's tritone[3] 7
625.00 225/48 225/48 About this soundplay 25 steps in 48 equal temperament 48
628.27 F23+ 23 : 16 23 : 24 About this soundplay Twenty-third harmonic,[5] classic diminished fifth[citation needed] 23
631.28 G[2] 36 : 25 22×32 : 52 About this soundplay Just diminished fifth[5] 5
646.99 F31+ 93 : 64 3×31 : 26 About this soundplay Ninety-third harmonic[5] 31
648.68 G↓[2] 16 : 11 24 : 11 About this soundplay ` undecimal semi-diminished fifth[3] 11
650.00 Fthree quarter sharp/Ghalf flat 213/24 213/24 About this soundplay 13 steps in 24 equal temperament 24
665.51 G43U 47 : 32 47 : 25 About this soundplay Forty-seventh harmonic[5] 47
675.00 29/16 227/48 About this soundplay 27 steps in 48 equal temperament 16, 48
678.49 Adouble flat−−− 262144 : 177147 218 : 311 About this soundplay Pythagorean diminished sixth[3][6] 3
680.45 G− 40 : 27 23×5 : 33 About this soundplay 5-limit wolf fifth,[5] or diminished sixth, grave fifth,[3][6][11] imperfect fifth,[16] 5
683.83 G19 95 : 64 5×19 : 26 About this soundplay Ninety-fifth harmonic[5] 19
684.82 E232323double sharp++ 12167 : 8192 233 : 213 About this soundplay 12167th harmonic 23
685.71 24/7 : 1 About this soundplay 4 steps in 7 equal temperament
691.20 3:2÷(81:80)1/2 2×51/2 : 3 About this soundplay Half-comma meantone perfect fifth M
694.79 3:2÷(81:80)1/3 21/3×51/3 : 31/3 About this soundplay 13-comma meantone perfect fifth M
695.81 3:2÷(81:80)2/7 21/7×52/7 : 31/7 About this soundplay 27-comma meantone perfect fifth M
696.58 3:2÷(81:80)1/4 51/4 About this soundplay Quarter-comma meantone perfect fifth M
697.65 3:2÷(81:80)1/5 31/5×51/5 : 21/5 About this soundplay 15-comma meantone perfect fifth M
698.37 3:2÷(81:80)1/6 31/3×51/6 : 21/3 About this soundplay 16-comma meantone perfect fifth M
700.00 G 27/12 27/12 About this soundplay Equal-tempered perfect fifth 12 M
701.89 231/53 231/53 About this soundplay 53-TET perfect fifth 53
701.96 G[2] 3 : 2 3 : 2 About this soundplay Perfect fifth,[3][5][16] Pythagorean perfect fifth, Just perfect fifth or diapente,[4] fifth,[14] Just fifth[11] 3 S
702.44 224/41 224/41 About this soundplay 41-TET perfect fifth 41
703.45 217/29 217/29 About this soundplay 29-TET perfect fifth 29
719.90 97 : 64 97 : 26 About this soundplay Ninety-seventh harmonic[5] 97
720.00 23/5 : 1 About this soundplay 3 steps in 5 equal temperament 5
721.51 Adouble flat 1024 : 675 210 : 33×52 About this soundplay Narrow diminished sixth[3] 5
725.00 229/48 229/48 About this soundplay 29 steps in 48 equal temperament 48
729.22 G7 upside-down- 32 : 21 24 : 3×7 About this soundplay 21st subharmonic,[5][6] septimal diminished sixth 7
733.23 F2317double sharp+ 391 : 256 17×23 : 28 About this soundplay Three-hundred-ninety-first harmonic 23
737.65 A77+ 49 : 32 7×7 : 25 About this soundplay Forty-ninth harmonic[5] 7
743.01 Adouble flat 192 : 125 26×3 : 53 About this soundplay Classic diminished sixth[3] 5
750.00 Ghalf sharp/Athree quarter flat 215/24 215/24 About this soundplay 15 steps in 24 equal temperament 24
755.23 G 99 : 64 32×11 : 26 About this soundplay Ninety-ninth harmonic[5] 11
764.92 A7[2] 14 : 9 2×7 : 32 About this soundplay Septimal minor sixth[3][5] 7
772.63 G 25 : 16 52 : 24 About this soundplay Just augmented fifth[5][16]
775.00 231/48 231/48 About this soundplay 31 steps in 48 equal temperament 48
781.79 π : 2 About this soundplay Wallis product
782.49 G7 upside-down-[2] 11 : 7 11 : 7 About this soundplay Undecimal minor sixth,[5] undecimal augmented fifth,[3] Fibonacci numbers 11
789.85 101 : 64 101 : 26 About this soundplay Hundred-first harmonic[5] 101
792.18 A[2] 128 : 81 27 : 34 About this soundplay Pythagorean minor sixth,[3][5][6] 81st subharmonic 3
798.40 A297+ 203 : 128 7×29 : 27 About this soundplay Two-hundred-third harmonic 29
800.00 G/A 28/12 22/3 About this soundplay Equal-tempered minor sixth 3, 12 M
806.91 G17 51 : 32 3×17 : 25 About this soundplay Fifty-first harmonic[5] 17
813.69 A[2] 8 : 5 23 : 5 About this soundplay Just minor sixth[3][4][11][16] 5
815.64 G++ 6561 : 4096 38 : 212 About this soundplay Pythagorean augmented fifth,[3][6] Pythagorean 'schismatic' sixth[5] 3
823.80 103 : 64 103 : 26 About this soundplay Hundred-third harmonic[5] 103
825.00 211/16 233/48 About this soundplay 33 steps in 48 equal temperament 16, 48
832.18 G23+ 207 : 128 32×23 : 27 About this soundplay Two-hundred-seventh harmonic 23
833.09 (51/2+1)/2 φ : 1 About this soundplay Golden ratio (833 cents scale)
835.19 A+ 81 : 50 34 : 2×52 About this soundplay Acute minor sixth[3] 5
840.53 A13[2] 13 : 8 13 : 23 About this soundplay Tridecimal neutral sixth,[3] overtone sixth,[5] thirteenth harmonic 13
848.83 A19 209 : 128 11×19 : 27 About this soundplay Two-hundred-ninth harmonic 19
850.00 Gthree quarter sharp/Ahalf flat 217/24 217/24 About this soundplay Equal-tempered neutral sixth 24
852.59 A↓+[2] 18 : 11 2×32 : 11 About this soundplay Undecimal neutral sixth,[3][5] Zalzal's neutral sixth 11
857.09 A7+ 105 : 64 3×5×7 : 26 About this soundplay Hundred-fifth harmonic[5] 7
857.14 25/7 25/7 About this soundplay 5 steps in 7 equal temperament 7
862.85 A− 400 : 243 24×52 : 35 About this soundplay Grave major sixth[3] 5
873.50 A43U 53 : 32 53 : 25 About this soundplay Fifty-third harmonic[5] 53
875.00 235/48 235/48 About this soundplay 35 steps in 48 equal temperament 48
879.86 A↓7 upside-down 128 : 77 27 : 7×11 About this soundplay 77th subharmonic[5][6] 11
882.40 Bdouble flat−−− 32768 : 19683 215 : 39 About this soundplay Pythagorean diminished seventh[3][6] 3
884.36 A[2] 5 : 3 5 : 3 About this soundplay Just major sixth,[3][4][5][11][16] Bohlen-Pierce sixth,[3] 13-comma meantone major sixth 5 M
889.76 107 : 64 107 : 26 About this soundplay Hundred-seventh harmonic[5] 107
892.54 B191919double flat 6859 : 4096 193 : 212 About this soundplay 6859th harmonic 19
900.00 A 29/12 23/4 About this soundplay Equal-tempered major sixth 4, 12 M
902.49 A19U 32 : 19 25 : 19 About this soundplay 19th subharmonic[5][6] 19
905.87 A+[2] 27 : 16 33 : 24 About this soundplay Pythagorean major sixth[3][5][11][16] 3
921.82 109 : 64 109 : 26 About this soundplay Hundred-ninth harmonic[5] 109
925.00 237/48 237/48 About this soundplay 37 steps in 48 equal temperament 48
925.42 Bdouble flat[2] 128 : 75 27 : 3×52 About this soundplay Just diminished seventh,[16] diminished seventh,[5][13] 75th subharmonic 5
925.79 A2319+ 437 : 256 19×23 : 28 About this soundplay Four-hundred-thirty-seventh harmonic 23
933.13 A7 upside-down[2] 12 : 7 22×3 : 7 About this soundplay Septimal major sixth[3][4][5] 7
937.63 A 55 : 32 5×11 : 25 About this soundplay Fifty-fifth harmonic[5][20] 11
950.00 Ahalf sharp/Bthree quarter flat 219/24 219/24 About this soundplay 19 steps in 24 equal temperament 24
953.30 A37+ 111 : 64 3×37 : 26 About this soundplay Hundred-eleventh harmonic[5] 37
955.03 A[2] 125 : 72 53 : 23×32 About this soundplay Just augmented sixth[5] 5
957.21 (3 : 2)15/11 315/11 : 215/11 About this soundplay 15 steps in Beta scale 18.75
960.00 24/5 24/5 About this soundplay 4 steps in 5 equal temperament 5
968.83 B7[2] 7 : 4 7 : 22 About this soundplay Septimal minor seventh,[4][5][11] harmonic seventh,[3][11] augmented sixth[citation needed] 7
975.00 213/16 239/48 About this soundplay 39 steps in 48 equal temperament 16, 48
976.54 A+[2] 225 : 128 32×52 : 27 About this soundplay Just augmented sixth[16] 5
984.21 113 : 64 113 : 26 About this soundplay Hundred-thirteenth harmonic[5] 113
996.09 B[2] 16 : 9 24 : 32 About this soundplay Pythagorean minor seventh,[3] Small just minor seventh,[4] lesser minor seventh,[16] just minor seventh,[11] Pythagorean small minor seventh[5] 3
999.47 B19 57 : 32 3×19 : 25 About this soundplay Fifty-seventh harmonic[5] 19
1000.00 A/B 210/12 25/6 About this soundplay Equal-tempered minor seventh 6, 12 M
1014.59 A23+ 115 : 64 5×23 : 26 About this soundplay Hundred-fifteenth harmonic[5] 23
1017.60 B[2] 9 : 5 32 : 5 About this soundplay Greater just minor seventh,[16] large just minor seventh,[4][5] Bohlen-Pierce seventh[3] 5
1019.55 A+++ 59049 : 32768 310 : 215 About this soundplay Pythagorean augmented sixth[3][6] 3
1025.00 241/48 241/48 About this soundplay 41 steps in 48 equal temperament 48
1028.57 26/7 26/7 About this soundplay 6 steps in 7 equal temperament 7
1029.58 B29 29 : 16 29 : 24 About this soundplay Twenty-ninth harmonic,[5] minor seventh[citation needed] 29
1035.00 B↓[2] 20 : 11 22×5 : 11 About this soundplay Lesser undecimal neutral seventh, large minor seventh[3] 11
1039.10 B+ 729 : 400 36 : 24×52 About this soundplay Acute minor seventh[3] 5
1044.44 B13 117 : 64 32×13 : 26 About this soundplay Hundred-seventeenth harmonic[5] 13
1044.86 B7 upside-down- 64 : 35 26 : 5×7 About this soundplay 35th subharmonic,[5] septimal neutral seventh[6] 7
1049.36 B[2] 11 : 6 11 : 2×3 About this soundplay 214-tone or Undecimal neutral seventh,[3] undecimal 'median' seventh[5] 11
1050.00 Athree quarter sharp/Bhalf flat 221/24 27/8 About this soundplay Equal-tempered neutral seventh 8, 24
1059.17 59 : 32 59 : 25 About this soundplay Fifty-ninth harmonic[5] 59
1066.76 B− 50 : 27 2×52 : 33 About this soundplay Grave major seventh[3] 5
1071.70 B137 upside-down- 13 : 7 13 : 7 About this soundplay Tridecimal neutral seventh[21] 13
1073.78 B717 119 : 64 7×17 : 26 About this soundplay Hundred-nineteenth harmonic[5] 17
1075.00 243/48 243/48 About this soundplay 43 steps in 48 equal temperament 48
1086.31 C′−− 4096 : 2187 212 : 37 About this soundplay Pythagorean diminished octave[3][6] 3
1088.27 B[2] 15 : 8 3×5 : 23 About this soundplay Just major seventh,[3][5][11][16] small just major seventh,[4] 16-comma meantone major seventh 5
1095.04 C17 upside down 32 : 17 25 : 17 About this soundplay 17th subharmonic[5][6] 17
1100.00 B 211/12 211/12 About this soundplay Equal-tempered major seventh 12 M
1102.64 B- 121 : 64 112 : 26 About this soundplay Hundred-twenty-first harmonic[5] 11
1107.82 C′ 256 : 135 28 : 33×5 About this soundplay Octave − major chroma,[3] 135th subharmonic, narrow diminished octave[citation needed] 5
1109.78 B+[2] 243 : 128 35 : 27 About this soundplay Pythagorean major seventh[3][5][6][11] 3
1116.88 61 : 32 61 : 25 About this soundplay Sixty-first harmonic[5] 61
1125.00 215/16 245/48 About this soundplay 45 steps in 48 equal temperament 16, 48
1129.33 C′[2] 48 : 25 24×3 : 52 About this soundplay Classic diminished octave,[3][6] large just major seventh[4] 5
1131.02 B41 123 : 64 3×41 : 26 About this soundplay Hundred-twenty-third harmonic[5] 41
1137.04 B7 upside-down 27 : 14 33 : 2×7 About this soundplay Septimal major seventh[5] 7
1138.04 C1913 247 : 128 13×19 : 27 About this soundplay Two-hundred-forty-seventh harmonic 19
1145.04 B31 31 : 16 31 : 24 About this soundplay Thirty-first harmonic,[5] augmented seventh[citation needed] 31
1146.73 C↓ 64 : 33 26 : 3×11 About this soundplay 33rd subharmonic[6] 11
1150.00 Bhalf sharp/Chalf flat 223/24 223/24 About this soundplay 23 steps in 24 equal temperament 24
1151.23 C7 35 : 18 5×7 : 2×32 About this soundplay Septimal supermajor seventh, septimal quarter tone inverted 7
1158.94 B[2] 125 : 64 53 : 26 About this soundplay Just augmented seventh,[5] 125th harmonic 5
1172.74 C7+ 63 : 32 32×7 : 25 About this soundplay Sixty-third harmonic[5] 7
1175.00 247/48 247/48 About this soundplay 47 steps in 48 equal temperament 48
1178.49 C′− 160 : 81 25×5 : 34 About this soundplay Octave − syntonic comma,[3] semi-diminished octave[citation needed] 5
1179.59 B23 253 : 128 11×23 : 27 About this soundplay Two-hundred-fifty-third harmonic[5] 23
1186.42 127 : 64 127 : 26 About this soundplay Hundred-twenty-seventh harmonic[5] 127
1200.00 C′ 2 : 1 2 : 1 About this soundplay Octave[3][11] or diapason[4] 1, 12 3 M S

See also[]

Notes[]

  1. ^ Jump up to: a b c d Maneri-Sims notation

References[]

  1. ^ Jump up to: a b Fox, Christopher (2003). "Microtones and Microtonalities", Contemporary Music Review, v. 22, pt. 1-2. (Abingdon, Oxfordshire, UK: Routledge): p.13.
  2. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi Fonville, John. 1991. "Ben Johnston's Extended Just Intonation: A Guide for Interpreters". Perspectives of New Music 29, no. 2 (Summer): 106–37.
  3. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs ct cu cv cw cx cy cz da db dc dd de df dg dh di "List of intervals", Huygens-Fokker Foundation. The Foundation uses "classic" to indicate "just" or leaves off any adjective, as in "major sixth".
  4. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x Partch, Harry (1979). Genesis of a Music, p.68-69. ISBN 978-0-306-80106-8.
  5. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs ct cu cv cw cx cy cz da db dc dd de df dg dh di dj dk dl dm dn do dp dq dr ds dt du dv dw dx dy dz "Anatomy of an Octave", KyleGann.com. Gann leaves off "just" but includes "5-limit". He uses "median" for "neutral".
  6. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay Haluška, Ján (2003). The Mathematical Theory of Tone Systems, p.xxv-xxix. ISBN 978-0-8247-4714-5.
  7. ^ Ellis, Alexander J.; Hipkins, Alfred J. (1884), "Tonometrical Observations on Some Existing Non-Harmonic Musical Scales", Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, 37 (232–234): 368–385, doi:10.1098/rspl.1884.0041, JSTOR 114325, S2CID 122407786.
  8. ^ "Logarithmic Interval Measures", Huygens-Fokker.org. Accessed 2015-06-06.
  9. ^ "Orwell Temperaments", Xenharmony.org.
  10. ^ Jump up to: a b Partch (1979), p.70.
  11. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab Alexander John Ellis (1885). On the musical scales of various nations, p.488. s.n.
  12. ^ William Smythe Babcock Mathews (1895). Pronouncing dictionary and condensed encyclopedia of musical terms, p.13. ISBN 1-112-44188-3.
  13. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Anger, Joseph Humfrey (1912). A treatise on harmony, with exercises, Volume 3, p.xiv-xv. W. Tyrrell.
  14. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Hermann Ludwig F. von Helmholtz (Alexander John Ellis, trans.) (1875). "Additions by the translator", On the sensations of tone as a physiological basis for the theory of music, p.644. No ISBN specified.
  15. ^ A. R. Meuss (2004). Intervals, Scales, Tones and the Concert Pitch C. Temple Lodge Publishing. p. 15. ISBN 1902636465.
  16. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y Paul, Oscar (1885). A manual of harmony for use in music-schools and seminaries and for self-instruction, p.165. Theodore Baker, trans. G. Schirmer. Paul uses "natural" for "just".
  17. ^ Jump up to: a b "13th-harmonic", 31et.com.
  18. ^ Brabner, John H. F. (1884). The National Encyclopaedia, Vol.13, p.182. London. [ISBN unspecified]
  19. ^ Sabat, Marc and von Schweinitz, Wolfgang (2004). "The Extended Helmholtz-Ellis JI Pitch Notation" [PDF], NewMusicBox.org. Accessed: 04:12, 15 March 2014 (UTC).
  20. ^ Hermann L. F Von Helmholtz (2007). On the Sensations of Tone, p.456. ISBN 978-1-60206-639-7.
  21. ^ "Gallery of Just Intervals", Xenharmonic Wiki.

External links[]

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