List of unrecovered and unusable flight recorders
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Flight data recorders (FDRs) and cockpit voice recorders (CVRs) in commercial aircraft continuously record information and can provide key evidence in determining the causes of an aircraft loss. The greatest depth from which a flight recorder has been recovered is 16,000 feet (4,900 m), for the CVR of South African Airways Flight 295. Most flight recorders are equipped with underwater locator beacons to assist searchers in recovering them from offshore crash sites, however these beacons run off a battery and eventually stop transmitting. For various reasons, a flight recorder cannot always be recovered, and many recorders that are recovered are too damaged to provide any data.
Crash date | Flight | Airline | Plane | Presumed location | Broad cause | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1965-08-16 | 389 | United Airlines | Boeing 727-22 | Lake Michigan, off Chicago, Illinois | Accident | FDR fragmented by the impact; parts of the outer cover were found but the foil tape containing the data was not.[1] |
1966-10-01 | 956 | West Coast Airlines | DC-9-14 | Near Wemme, Oregon | Accident | FDR usable; CVR destroyed by post-crash fire. |
1966-11-15 | 708 | Pan American World Airways | Boeing 727-21 | Near Dallgow in former East Germany | Probable Accident | The plane crashed in Soviet territory; only half of the wreckage was relinquished by Soviet authorities. The fate of the CVR and FDR is unknown. |
1970-02-05 | Flight number unknown | Dominicana de Aviación | Douglas DC-9-32 | Caribbean Sea, near Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic | Accident | Neither flight recorder was ever found.[2] |
1970-05-02 | 980 | ALM | Douglas DC-9-33CF | Caribbean Sea | Accident | Resting in 5,000 ft (1,500 m) of water; neither recorder found[3] |
1971-06-06 | 706 | Hughes Airwest | DC-9-31 | San Gabriel Mountains near Los Angeles, California | Accident | FDR usable; CVR destroyed by post-crash fire. |
1972-06-29 | 290 | North Central Airlines | Convair CV-580 | Lake Winnebago, near Appleton, Wisconsin | Accident | One of two aircraft involved in the 1972 Lake Winnebago mid-air collision. An estimated 50% to 60% of the wreckage was recovered from the shallow, muddy water. FDR found in good condition; CVR not found. |
1973-07-22 | 816 | Pan American World Airways | Boeing 707-321B | Pacific Ocean, off Papeete, Tahiti | Accident | Resting in 700 m (2,300 ft) of water; neither recorder found[4] |
1974-09-08 | 841 | Trans World Airlines | Boeing 707-331B | Ionian Sea, near Greece | Bomb | By the time the main wreckage was located, conclusive evidence of a bomb explosion had been found, and it was decided that whatever additional information the recorders held would not justify the cost and difficulty of recovering them. Neither of the recorders were ever found. |
1974-12-04 | 138 | Martinair | Douglas DC-8 | Maskeliya, Sri Lanka | Accident | FDR completely disintegrated by impact. Small fragments of the foil tape from the unit were recovered from the crash site, but all of the fragments were from the supply spool of the recorder, and thus did not contain any flight data. The aircraft did not carry a CVR. |
1975-09-30 | 240 | Malév | Tupolev Tu-154 | near the Lebanese shoreline | Unknown | Resting in between 600 and 1,000 m (2,000 and 3,300 ft) of water[5] |
1975-11-12 | 032 | Overseas National Airways | McDonnell Douglas DC-10-30CF | John F. Kennedy International Airport, New York City | Accident | FDR usable; CVR destroyed by post-crash fire. |
1977-09-02 | 3751 | Transmeridian Air Cargo | Canadair CL-44 | 2.5 Nautical Miles east of Waglan Island | Accident | Recovery was hampered by bad weather and poor visibility. Undersea cables in the area precluded the use of dredging equipment, making salvage operations very difficult. Only 25% of the wreckage was recovered after an extensive effort; the CVR and FDR were not found. |
1977-12-18 | 730 | SA de Transport Aérien | Sud Aviation Caravelle | 4 kilometers southeast of Funchal Airport, Portugal | Accident | Aircraft was located but largely not recovered from the sea, it was not stated in the accident report which types of flight recorders were carried, only that none were recovered.[6] |
1977-12-18 | 2860 | United Airlines | Douglas DC-8F-54 | Near Kaysville, Utah | Accident | The CVR was inoperative at the time of the accident.[7] |
1978-03-01 | 603 | Continental Airlines | McDonnell Douglas DC-10 | Los Angeles International Airport | Accident | CVR tape broken and unusable; FDR usable.[8] |
1979-01-30 | 967 | Varig | Boeing 707-323C | Pacific Ocean, around 200 kilometers East Northeast from Tokyo, Japan | Unknown | The aircraft debris was never located and thus, neither the CVR and FDR was found and the cause of the crash was never determined.[9] |
1981-05-07 | 901 | Austral Líneas Aéreas | BAC One-Eleven | Río de la Plata, near Buenos Aires, Argentina | Accident | Neither flight recorder was ever found.[10] |
1982-09-13 | 995 | Spantax | McDonnell Douglas DC-10-30CF | Málaga Airport, Málaga, Spain | Accident | FDR usable; CVR destroyed by post-crash fire. |
1985-01-01 | 980 | Eastern Air Lines | Boeing 727-225 | 25 nmi (46 km) from La Paz at the 19,600 ft (5,970 m) level of Andean peak Mt. Illimani. | Accident | Due to the extreme high altitude and inaccessibility of the accident location, the FDR and CVR could not be recovered.[11] A team of three mountain climbers attempted to find the recorders in 2016, recovering part of the recorder mounting rack and a magnetic tape which they believed may have come from the CVR.[12] The NTSB determined that the tape was not from a flight recorder.[13] |
1985-7-10 | 7425 | Aeroflot | Tupolev Tu-154B-2 | Uchkuduk, Uzbekistan (formerly Uzbek SSR) | Accident | FDR usable; CVR completely destroyed by impact, explosion, and post crash fire. |
1987-11-28 | 295 | South African Airways | Boeing 747-244B Combi | Indian Ocean, near Mauritius | In-Flight Fire | CVR located at a depth of 4,900 m (16,100 ft); FDR not found. |
1987-11-29 | 858 | Korean Air | Boeing 707-3B5C | Andaman Sea | Bomb | Neither flight recorder was ever found.[14] |
1988-07-03 | 655 | Iran Air | Airbus A300 | Persian Gulf | Shot Down | Neither flight recorder was ever found.[15] |
1989-03-10 | 1363 | Air Ontario | Fokker F28-1000 | Dryden, Ontario | Accident | CVR and FDR destroyed by post-crash fire. |
1989-09-08 | 394 | Partnair | Convair CV-580 | Sea, near Copenhagen, Denmark | Accident | Both recorders found, CVR stopped working before takeoff, FDR was usable. |
1990-09-11 | Ferry flight | Faucett Perú | Boeing 727-247 | Atlantic Ocean, 350 miles southeast of Cape Race, Newfoundland | Accident | Plane and all sixteen aboard missing, along with the CVR and FDR. Aircraft was being returned to Peru after lease to Air Malta. Crew reported a low fuel notice and that they were preparing to ditch. 16 occupants were on board[16] |
1991-05-26 | 004 | Lauda Air | Boeing 767-3Z9ER | Phu Toei National Park, Suphan Buri Province, Thailand | Accident | CVR usable; FDR destroyed by post-crash fire.[17] |
1992-06-06 | 201 | Copa Airlines | Boeing 737-204 Advanced | Darien Gap, near Tucuti, Panama | Accident | Both recorders found, but CVR tape was broken in several pieces, and recording recovered from it was from different flight.[citation needed] FDR was usable. |
1992-09-28 | 268 | Pakistan International Airlines | Airbus A300B4-203 | Kathmandu, Nepal | Accident | Both recorders found, but no conversation can be heard on CVR, rendering it unusable. FDR was usable.[citation needed] |
1992-10-04 | 1862 | El Al | Boeing 747-258F | Groeneveen and Klein-Kruitberg flats in the Bijlmermeer, Amsterdam Zuidoost | Accident | FDR found but severely damaged, with the tape broken in four pieces; CVR not found.[18] |
1992-11-24 | 3493 | China Southern Airlines | Boeing 737-3Y0 | 12.5 miles south of Guilin Airport, China | Accident | FDR found but severely damaged, with the tape being exposed to the post crash fire; CVR not found.[19] |
1994-04-06 | 9XR-NN | Rwanda Government | Dassault Falcon 50 | 1 Nautical Mile East of Kigali Airport, Kigali, Rwanda | Shot Down | The whereabouts and even the existence of the CVR and/or FDR has been disputed. Multiple independent investigations have been unable to determine the location of any flight recorders the aircraft may have carried. A proper examination of the crash site was not conducted until 15 years after the shootdown, by which time a majority of the wreckage had been displaced or scavenged.[20] The manufacturer performed maintenance on the airplane a year before the crash, during which they documented that no recorders were installed (though mounting racks were in place for the operator to install them if they later decided to).[21] Rwandan aviation laws at the time required all airplanes used for transporting the head of state to carry both a CVR and an FDR. The possibility that recorders were installed at some point between the work performed by Dassault and the shootdown has not been ruled out. |
1995-08-09 | 901 | Aviateca | Boeing 737-200 | San Vicente, El Salvador | Accident | The FDR was not found at the crash site, possibly scavenged from the site by locals. The CVR was found and useable.[22] |
1995-12-20 | 41 | Tower Air | Boeing 747-136 | John F. Kennedy International Airport, New York City | Accident | The FDR was inoperative during the accident due to a data acquisition unit problem. The CVR functioned properly.[23] |
1997-12-06 | RA-82005 | Ukrainian Cargo Airways | Antonov An-124-100 | Mira Street, Irkutsk, Russia | Accident | The two flight recorders were in the center of the fire and were too badly damaged to provide meaningful data.[24] |
2000-01-30 | 431 | Kenya Airways | Airbus A310-304 | Atlantic Ocean, East of Félix-Houphouët-Boigny International Airport, Abidjan, Ivory Coast | Accident | The FDR data did not correspond to any kind of flight; CVR usable.[25] |
2001-09-11 | 11 | American Airlines | Boeing 767-223ER | North World Trade Center, New York City | Hijack | Neither flight recorder was ever found.[26] |
2001-09-11 | 175 | United Airlines | Boeing 767-222 | South World Trade Center, New York City | Hijack | Neither flight recorder was ever found.[26] |
2001-09-11 | 77 | American Airlines | Boeing 757-223 | Pentagon, Washington D.C. | Hijack | FDR recovered, CVR too badly damaged by fire to provide any information.[26] |
2003-05-25 | N844AA | Aerospace Sales & Leasing | Boeing 727 | Luanda, Angola | Unknown | Aircraft stolen, current whereabouts are unknown. |
2004-10-14 | 1602 | MK Airlines | Boeing 747-244(SF) | Halifax Stanfield International Airport, Halifax, Nova Scotia | Accident | FDR recovered; CVR was exposed to extreme heat for an extended period which melted the recording tape.[27] |
2005-02-03 | 904 | Kam Air | Boeing 737-200 | Pamir Mountains, Afghanistan | Accident | Crash site located at a near inaccessible area of the Pamir Mountains. Most of the wreckage was buried in deep snow, and specialists had to clear landmines from the area before it could be accessed. FDR found with extreme difficulty (though it did not contain data due to a pre-existing fault in the data acquisition unit). The CVR was never found, and at least one investigator was killed during the search. |
2005-09-05 | 091 | Mandala Airlines | Boeing 737-200 Advanced | Polonia International Airport, Medan | Accident | Both recorders found, but CVR was of poor quality, rendering it unusable. FDR was usable. |
2005-10-22 | 210 | Bellview Airlines | Boeing 737-200 | Lisa Village, Ogun, Nigeria | Accident | Neither recorder found.[28] |
2005-12-19 | 101 | Chalk's Ocean Airway | Grumman G-73T Turbine Mallard | Miami Beach, Florida | Accident | Not equipped with FDR; CVR recovered but nothing audible could be recovered from it.[29][30] |
2007-11-30 | 4203 | Atlasjet | McDonnell Douglas MD-83 | Keçiborlu, Turkey | Accident | The CVR was inoperative for 9 days before the crash. FDR only recorded the first 14 minutes of the crash. [31] |
2008-08-24 | 6895 | Iran Aseman Airlines | Boeing 737-219 Advanced | Manas International Airport, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan | Accident | The FDR tape was damaged by fire leading to a 13 seconds cut in data. The CVR was inoperative prior to the flight. It contained the recording of a previous flight. [32] |
2009-10-21 | 2241 | Azza Transport | Boeing 707-330C | 2 miles north of Sharjah International Airport | Accident | Neither the FDR or the CVR were recording during the flight.[33] |
2010-11-11 | ST-ARQ | Tarco Airlines | Antonov An-24 | Zalingei Airport, Zalingei, Sudan | Accident | The FDR did not contain any data and the CVR contained 4 minutes of recording of a different flight. [34] |
2011-07-28 | 991 | Asiana Airlines | Boeing 747-400F | Korea Strait | Accident | FDR was recovered but the memory module was missing inside the chassis. CVR not recovered.[35] |
2012-06-03 | 992 | Dana Air | McDonnell Douglas MD-83 | Iju-Ishaga, Lagos, Nigeria | Accident | Both recorders recovered, but the FDR was destroyed. The CVR was usable.[36] |
2012-12-09 | N345MC | Private Aircraft | Learjet 25 | Iturbide, Mexico | Accident | FDR recovered but with too much damage to yield any data. CVR not found at crash site, investigators could not determine whether the airplane was equipped with one at the time of the crash.[37] |
2014-03-08 | 370 | Malaysia Airlines | Boeing 777-2H6ER | South Indian Ocean | Unknown | Plane and all 239 passengers and crew missing, along with the CVR and FDR. |
2014-07-24 | 5017 | Air Algérie | McDonnell Douglas MD-83 | Near Gossi, Mali | Accident | CVR quality was unusable. FDR recovered.[38] |
2015-08-16 | 267 | Trigana Air | ATR 42-300 | Near Oksibil, West Papua, Indonesia | Accident | Both recorders found, but FDR was not working at the time of accident. CVR was usable. |
2015-09-05 | 6V-AIM | Senegalair | Hawker-Beechcraft HS125-700A | Atlantic Ocean, west of Dakar, Senegal | Accident | Plane and all seven aboard missing, along with the CVR and FDR. |
2018-04-18 | 30 | Delta Air Lines | Airbus A330-323 | Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport, Atlanta, Georgia | Accident | CVR data overwritten by other recordings.[39] |
2021-07-06 | 251 | Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky Air | Antonov An-26B-100 | Palana, Russia | Accident | Both recorders recovered, but the CVR was too badly damaged to retrieve data from it. The FDR was usable. |
See also[]
References[]
- ^ "NTSB Aircraft Accident Report, United Airlines N7036U in Lake Michigan" (PDF).
- ^ "Crash of a Douglas DC-9-32 off Santo Domingo: 102 killed". baaa-acro.com. Bureau of Aircraft Accidents Archives. Retrieved 11 June 2021.
- ^ "NTSB Aircraft Accident Report, Aircraft Accident Report: Overseas National Airways, Inc. Douglas DC-9 N935F, Operating as Antillaanse Luchtvaart Flight 980, Near St. Croix, Virgin Islands, 2 May 1970" (PDF). Archived from the original on 22 March 2014.CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
- ^ Accident description at the Aviation Safety Network
- ^ "The Lost Flight – Malév 240 | Airliners.net".
- ^ Direcçao-Geral da Aeronautica Civil (1974). "SATA - S.A. DE TRANSPORT AERIEN SE210R SUPER CARAVELLE HB-ICK" (PDF).
- ^ "Aircraft Accident Report United Airlines, Inc., Douglas DC-8-54, N8047U, near Kaysville, Utah, December 18, 1977" (PDF). National Transportation Safety Board. 27 July 1978. NTSB-AAR-78-8. Retrieved 4 April 2010.
- ^ "Aircraft Accident Report, Continental Air Lines, Inc., McDonnell-Douglas DC-10-10, N68045, Los Angeles, California, March 1, 1978" (PDF). National Transportation Safety Board. 25 January 1979. NTSB/AAR-79/01. Retrieved 22 December 2017.
- ^ "Varig accident description". Aviation Safety Network. 30 January 1979. Retrieved 20 October 2009.
- ^ JIACC. "Informe Final: Investigacion de Accidentes de Aviación" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 September 2018.
- ^ Investigation of Controlled Flight into Terrain. Descriptions of Flight Paths for Selected Controlled Flight into Terrain (CFIT) Aircraft Accidents, 1985–1997. by Robert O. Phillips. Federal Aviation Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation, Project Memorandum DOT-TSC-FA9D1-99-01, March 1999.
- ^ "Two Massachusetts men claim they have found long-lost 'black boxes' in Bolivia". BostonGlobe.com. The Boston Globe. Retrieved 6 June 2016.
- ^ "NTSB Press Release".
- ^ "Seoul Pardons North Korean in Bombing of Airliner Killing 115". Los Angeles Times. 13 April 1990.
- ^ "Shooting Down Iran Air Flight 655". Iran Chamber Society. 2004.
- ^ Accident description for OB-1303 at the Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved on 27 January 2016.
- ^ "Lauda Air B767 Accident Report". rvs-bi.de. Retrieved 18 January 2021.
- ^ Bijlmerramp
- ^ "1992年南方航空公司B737"11·24"桂林空难事故 - CEAA-中国实验类飞行器" (in Chinese). 19 May 2014. Archived from the original on 19 May 2014. Retrieved 2 October 2018.
- ^ "Investigation into the Crash of Dassault Falcon 50 Registration Number 9XR-NN on 6 April 1994 Carrying Former President Juvenal Habyarimana | Empennage | Air Traffic Control". Scribd. Retrieved 12 February 2019.
- ^ Mutsinzi, Jean. "REPORT OF THE INVESTIGATION INTO THE CAUSES AND CIRCUMSTANCES OF AND RESPONSIBILITY FOR THE ATTACK OF 06/04/1994 AGAINST THE FALCON 50 RWANDAN PRESIDENTIAL AEROPLANE, REGISTRATION NUMBER 9XR-NN" (PDF).
- ^ "AIRCRAFT ACCIDENT REPORT AVIATECA FLIGHT 901 BOEING 737-200 15 MILES NE EL SAVADOR INTL ARPT SAN SALVADOR, EL SALVADOR AUGUST 9,1995" (PDF). 9 August 1995. Retrieved 22 September 2021.
- ^ "Runway Departure During Attempted Takeoff, Tower Air Flight 41, Boeing 747-136, N605FF, JFK International Airport, New York, December 20, 1995" (PDF). National Transportation Safety Board. 2 December 1996. NTSB/AAR-96/04. Retrieved 20 May 2020.
- ^ "Катастрофа самолета Ан-124 в Иркутске (1997 г.)". РИА Новости (in Russian). 6 December 2007. Retrieved 22 September 2021.
- ^ "REPORT – Accident which occurred on 30 January 2000 in the sea near Abidjan Airport to the Airbus 310–304 registered 5Y-BEN operated by Kenya Airways" (PDF). Bureau of Enquiry and Analysis for Civil Aviation Safety. 25 January 2002. Archived (PDF) from the original on 30 January 2019.
- ^ a b c 9/11 Commission Report, Notes to Chapter 1, note 76, p. 456 (PDF p. 474),
- ^ Government of Canada, Transportation Safety Board of Canada (6 April 2006). "Aviation Investigation Report A04H0004". www.tsb.gc.ca. Retrieved 22 September 2021.
- ^ "Report on the Accident involving Bellview Airlines Ltd B737-200 Reg. 5N-BFN at Lisa Village, Ogun State, Nigeria On 22 October 2005" (PDF). Aviation Safety Network. February 2021. Retrieved 21 September 2021.
- ^ Monaghan, Aidan (2012). Declassifying 9/11: A Between the Lines and Behind the Scenes Look at the September 11 Attacks. iUniverse. ISBN 978-1-4759-2022-2.
- ^ "NTSB Says Nothing Audible On Chalk's Plane CVR | Aero-News Network". www.aero-news.net. Retrieved 7 October 2020.
- ^ "ISPARTA KAZASINA DAMGA VURACAK RAPOR!". www.airporthaber.com (in Turkish). 21 March 2013. Retrieved 22 September 2021.
- ^ "INTERSTATE AVIATION COMMITTEE COMMISSION FOR THE INVESTIGATION OF AVIATION ACCIDENTS FINAL REPORT ON RESULTS OF AVIATION ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION" (PDF) (in Russian). Retrieved 22 September 2021.
As a result of the examination of the parametric recorder FDR 980-4100 GQUS it was found that a 320mm section of the carrier (magnetic tape) was exposed to high temperature. The information on this section cannot be restored. cannot be recovered. Based on the fact that the tape speed is 12.2 mm / sec, and given the location of the magnetic heads, there is no record of the last part of the flight. about 13 seconds is missing. Recorded audio information corresponds to the flight Moscow-Bishkek (flight IRC 632). It is impossible to establish the date of the flight. Information about of flight B737-200 EX-009 on 24.08.2008 is missing. This testifies to the fact that the CVR recorder in flight on 24.08.2008 was not operational.
- ^ "AIR ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION REPORT AIRCRAFT CRASH AFTER TAKEOFF" (PDF). 12 March 2013. Retrieved 22 September 2021.
- ^ "Accident: Tarco Airlines AN24 at Zalingei on Nov 11th 2010, gear damage on landing, broke up and burst into flames". avherald.com. Retrieved 22 September 2021.
- ^ "IMPLICATIONS OF ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION OF ASIANA AIRLINES FREIGHTER" (PDF). Icao. 8–9 October 2012. Retrieved 21 September 2021.
- ^ Report on the Accident to DANA AIRLINES NIGERIA LIMITED Boeing MD-83 aircraft with registration 5N-RAM which occurred at Iju-Ishaga Area of Lagos State, Nigeria, on 3rd June 2012 (PDF) (Report). Accident Investigation Bureau. DANA/2012/06/03/F. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 June 2017. Retrieved 19 February 2019.
- ^ SCT. "Informe Técnico de la Comision Invetigadora y Dictaminadora de Accidentes de Aviacion" (PDF).
- ^ "FINAL REPORT – Accident on 24 July 2014 in the region of Gossi in Mali to the MD-83 registered EC-LTV operated by Swiftair S.A" (PDF). bea.aero. Bureau of Enquiry and Analysis for Civil Aviation Safety. 22 April 2016. Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 May 2016. Retrieved 18 January 2021.
- ^ Babcock, Christopher (8 March 2021). "Cockpit Voice Recorder - Specialist's Factual Report" (PDF). National Transportation Safety Board. Retrieved 8 October 2021.
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