List of wars involving Algeria

• Roman conquest of Carthaginian Iberia
• Numidia is unified
  
  

  Map of Numidia at its greatest extent

• Mauretania

• Mauretania given some Numidian territory
  
  

• Vandal Kingdom

• Establishment of the praetorian prefecture of Africa
• But in 430, Siege of Hippo Regius, Among those who died during the siege was St. Augustine.^[7]
  

  The Triumph of Saint Augustine painted by Claudio Coello, c. 1664

• End of the Byzantine presence in North Africa

The Umayyad Caliphate at its greatest extent in AD 750

• End of the Umayyad presence in North Africa

• End of the Aghlabids presence in North Africa
• The Kutamas set out to conquer the entire Maghreb
• Victory of the Kutamas the latter and their leader Abdallah al-Mahdi Billah found the Fatimid Caliphate.

The Kutamas set out to conquer the entire Maghreb

• Failure of the Fatimid invasion

• Failure of the Fatimid invasion

• Conquest of Egypt
• The Fatimids and the Kutamas founded Cairo and made this new city their capital
• Beginning of the so-called Egyptian period of the Fatimid Caliphate.

Califa Fatimid at its territorial peak

• Raising of the Fatimid siege of Antioch

• Zirids conquer all of Morocco up to the Atlantic coast excluding Ceuta ^[8][9][10]

• The Fatimid caliphate took control of Syria

Map of the Hamdanid amirates of Mosul and Aleppo in 955 AD

• End of the Caliphate of Cordoba
• Foundation of the Taifa of Granada

Map showing territories that were controlled by the Zirid Dynasty

• Badis Ibn Habus annexes the Taifa of Malaga

• Italian temporary occupation of Mahdia, subsequent withdraw

Kingdom of France

• Auvergne
• Anjou
• Béarn
• Blois
• Boulogne
• Brittany
• Burgundy
• Champagne
• Normandy
• Provence
• Toulouse
• Vendôme

Holy Roman Empire

• Lower Lotharingia
• Lorraine
• Hainaut

County of Flanders
Papal States
Republic of Genoa
Byzantine Empire

• The Crusade assists in capturing Nicaea, restoring much of western Anatolia to the Byzantine Empire
• The Crusaders successfully capture Jerusalem and establish the Crusader states

The crusader states after the First Crusade

Kingdom of Jerusalem

• County of Tripoli
• Principality of Antioch

Kingdom of France

• Aquitaine
• Bar
• Brittany
• Burgundy

Holy Roman Empire

• Bavaria
• Bohemia
• Lower Lotharingia
• Lorraine
• Hainaut
• Flanders

Kingdom of England

• Normandy

Byzantine Empire

• Armenian Cilicia

Kingdom of Jerusalem

Byzantine Empire

• The Ayyubid Sultanate was born, and Saladin became the first Sultan

Crusader invasions of Egypt

• Surrender of the siege by the Marinids.

Kingdom of Tlemcen

Hafsid dynasty

Ottoman Empire

• Regency of Algiers

Kingdom of France

Holy League

 

 

•  Kingdom of Naples
• Kingdom of Sicily

 Republic of Genoa
 Papal States
Knights of Malta

• A treaty or "Capitulation" was signed between Venice and the Ottoman Empire to end the war on 2 October 1540.
• In the period between the start of the Second Ottoman–Venetian War in 1499 and the end of this war in 1540, the Ottoman Empire made significant advances in the Dalmatian hinterland – it didn't occupy the Venetian cities, but it took the Kingdom of Hungary's Croatian possessions between Skradin and , eliminating them as a buffer zone between the Ottoman and Venetian territory.^[12] The economy of the Venetian cities in Dalmatia, severely impacted by the Turkish occupation of the hinterland in the previous war, recovered and held steady even throughout this war.^[13]

Holy Roman Empire

• Milan

Spanish Empire

• Naples
• Sicily

Republic of Genoa
Republic of Venice
Duchy of Savoy
Papal States

• Charles V’s retreat to the port of Bougie
• Algerian hegemony over the western Mediterranean

Charles V was the leader of the Holy League for the conquest of Algiers

Hasan Agha the Bey of Algiers who stops the offensive of the Habsburgs

Kingdom of France

Ottoman Empire

• Regency of Algiers

Holy Roman Empire

• Brandenburg
• Saxony

Spanish Empire
Kingdom of England

• Treaty of Crépy
• Treaty of Ardres

• Affirmation of the algerian authority on Oranie
• Reconquest of the cities of Mostaganem and Tlemcen.

Regency of Algiers

• Mass expulsion of most Muslims in Granada
• Resettlement of Granada with Catholic settlers

• The border continues to be fixed further by the wadi Mellègue.

• France abandons Djidjelli

• Bombardment of Algiers (1682)
  • Indecisive
• Bombardment of Algiers (1683)
  • French Victory
    • French captives freed^[14][15]
    • Anne Hilarion de Tourville secures peace, promise of ending raiding along French coast^[16]
• Bombardment of Algiers (1688)
  • Algiers breaks the peace
  • Tactically indecisive, French withdrawal after 16 days
  • Algiers badly damaged
  • French strategic victory
    • Collapse of Mezzo Morto Hüseyin Pasha rule
    • Algiers agrees to withhold the treaty of 1683 in 1690 and a lasting peace^[17]

• Morea ceded to Venice
• Venetian gains in inland Dalmatia

• Oujda experiences more than 100 years of rule under the Regency of Algiers^[21][22]

• All of Tunisia occupied (until 1695).^[23]
• Moroccan-Tunisian alliance.^[24]

• Algerian ambitions halted
• Morocco fails to expand
• Fall of the Muradid dynasty

• No territorial change

• Moroccan rout

• Founding of the Husseinite Dynasty in Tunisia by Al-Husayn I ibn Ali

• Spanish Oran Seized by Algiers

• Abu l-Hasan Ali I proclaimed bey of Tunis
• Commitment to pay an annual fee of

• Muhammad I ar-Rashid proclaimed bey of Tunis
• Bey’s commitment to pay a tribute (oil to light the Algerian mosques)

• Today the war is mostly forgotten in Denmark and Norway, because it has not played a big role in Danish and Norwegian history.^[26]

Christian VII of Denmark

• The Spanish advanced forwards to engage the seemingly retreating Algerian forces, and moved further inland
• However, the Algerians drew the Spanish into a specially chosen location where they could ambush and attack them from cover

• Withdrawal of the bombardment in the face of the defense of the city

• Of the Ottomans as a whole, Russian victory
  Treaty of Jassy
• But Algerian victory in Battle of Andros

• Military status quo with clear advantage to Algerian regency in operations
• Restoration of the squares of Oran and Mers el-Kébir

• Victory of the United States
• Freedom of movement in the Mediterranean

Ottoman Empire

• Tripolitania
• Egypt
• Tunisia
• Regency of Algiers

• Establishment of the First Hellenic Republic (1822–1832)
• Start of the Russo-Turkish War (1828–1829)
• London Protocol
• Treaty of Constantinople
• Establishment of the Kingdom of Greece (1832)
• Start of the First Egyptian-Ottoman War

Map showing the original territory of the Kingdom of Greece as laid down in the Treaty of 1832 (in dark blue)

Regency of Algiers

• Constantine
• Titteri
• Oran

Emirate of Mascara
Kingdom of Ait Abbas
Sultanate of Tuggurt
Kel Ahaggar
Awlad Sidi Shaykh
Kabyle people
Support:
 Morocco
(Until 1844)

 

 

 

 

•  French Algeria

Support:
 Morocco
(1847)

Pacification of Algeria

Chronological map of French Algeria's evolution

• Treaty of Tafna

• Lucien de Montagnac dead

FLN

MNA
PCA

 France
NATO

•  United States
•  Belgium
•  Canada
•  Denmark
•  Germany
•  Iceland
•  Italy
•  Luxembourg
•  Netherlands
•  Norway
•  Portugal
•  Turkey
•  United Kingdom

• Military stalemate^{[28][29][30][31]}
• FLN political victory^[32][33]
• Évian Accords
• End of the French Colonial Empire^{[34][35][36][37][38]}
• Collapse of the Fourth French Republic
• Establishment of the Fifth Republic

~1,500,000 total deaths (FLN estimate)
~700,000 total deaths (Horne's estimate)^[39]
~350,000 total deaths (French estimate)

• 1 million Europeans fled^[40]
• 200,000 Jews fled^{[41][failed verification]}
• 2,000,000 Algerians resettled or displaced

• The closing of the border south of Figuig, Morocco/Béni Ounif, Algeria.
• Morocco abandoned its intentions to control Béchar and Tindouf after OAU mediation.
• No territorial changes were made.
• Demilitarized zone established

• Spanish withdrawal under the Madrid Accords (1976)
• Mauritanian retreat and withdrawal of territorial claims
• Military Stalemate^[46][47][48]
• Ceasefire agreed on between the Polisario Front and Morocco (1991)

 Algeria

• Local militias^[49]
• DRS
• FLN
• RND (from 1997)
• Rally for Culture and Democracy
• Socialist Forces Front
• General Union of Algerian Workers
• MSI/Hamas
• MRI/Nahda
• OJAL (mid-1990s)

 Tunisia^[50][51]
 European Union^[52]
 France^[51][52]
 Egypt^[50][51]
 South Africa^[53]
 Belarus (from 1997)^[54]

• AIS (1994–99)
• (until 1994)
• (until 1994)
• FIDA (until 1996)
• (1996–97)
• (1997)

Supported by:
Libya (until 1995)^[51]
 Morocco ^[51][55][56]
 Saudi Arabia (pre-war)^[52]
 Iran (alleged)^[52]
Saudi private donors^[52]

GIA (from 1993)

• Afghan Arabs^[57]
• Takfir wal-Hijra

Supported by:
 Sudan (alleged)^[58][59][60]
 Iran (alleged)^[58][59][60]
Finsbury Park Mosque^[61][62]
Brandbergen Mosque^[63][64]
EIJ (until 1995)^[65]

• FIS victory in 1991 election cancelled by military coup, formation of FIS loyalist guerrillas
• GIA radicals declare war on FIS in 1994 after negotiations with government
• Spillover to France with Air France Flight 8969 & 1995 France bombings^[66]
• AIS/FIS declare unilateral ceasefire in 1997 as a result of GIA's massacres of civilians
• Civil war subsided after government amnesty peace plan in 2000^[67]
• GIA largely ceased to exist by 2002, a dissident insurgency continued

• Insurgency in Algeria spreads through the Maghreb and Sahel
• US-led Operation Enduring Freedom – Trans Sahara initiated in 2007
• Islamists capture northern Mali in 2012, until largely fought back by French-led Operation Serval in 2013
• UN peacekeeping mission MINUSMA, African-led AFISMA deployed to Mali
• French-led Operation Barkhane across the Sahel begins 2014
• Chaambi Operations and ISIL insurgency in Tunisia
• ISIL captures territory in Libyan Civil War, largely fought back by 2016

 

• Wilayat Tarabulus
• Wilayah al-Jazair^[73]
• Wilayat Tunis

Ansar al-Sharia
(only in March 2016)^[74]