Liu Li (Three Kingdoms)

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Liu Li
劉理
Prince of Anping (安平王)
Tenure230 – May or June 244
SuccessorLiu Yin
Prince of Liang (梁王)
TenureJuly 221 – 230
BornUnknown
DiedMay or June 244[a]
SpouseMa Chao's daughter
Issue
  • Liu Yin
  • Liu Ji
Names
Family name: Liu (劉)
Given name: Li (理)
Courtesy name: Fengxiao (奉孝)
Posthumous name
Prince Dao (悼王)
HouseHouse of Liu
FatherLiu Bei
In this Chinese name, the family name is Liu.

Liu Li (died May or June 244),[a] courtesy name Fengxiao, was an imperial prince of the state of Shu Han in the Three Kingdoms period of China. He was a son of Liu Bei, the founding emperor of Shu, and a younger half-brother of Liu Shan, the second Shu emperor.[2]

Life[]

Liu Li was born in an unknown year. His father, Liu Bei, was a warlord of the late Eastern Han dynasty who became the founding emperor of the state of Shu Han in the Three Kingdoms period. His mother was one of Liu Bei's concubines. He was a younger half-brother of Liu Shan, Liu Bei's successor and the second emperor of Shu. He was born to a different mother from Liu Yong, another half-brother of Liu Shan.[3]

Sometime in July 221, about three months after Liu Bei became emperor, he sent Xu Jing, the Minister over the Masses, as an emissary to read out an imperial edict and grant Liu Li the title "Prince of Liang" (梁王).[4]

In 230, during Liu Shan's reign, Liu Li's title was changed to "Prince of Anping" (安平王). He died in 244 and was honoured with the posthumous title "Prince Dao" (悼王).[5]

Descendants[]

Liu Li's son, Liu Yin (劉胤), inherited his father's peerage as the Prince of Anping. He died in 256 and was honoured with the posthumous title "Prince Ai" (哀王).[6] Liu Yin's son, Liu Cheng (劉承), became the next Prince of Anping, but died a year later in 257 and was posthumously honoured as "Prince Shang" (殤王).[7]

Liu Li had another son, Liu Ji (劉輯), who held the title "Marquis of Wuyi" (武邑侯). In 261, Liu Shan issued an imperial edict ordering Liu Ji to succeed his nephew Liu Cheng as the next Prince of Anping. In 264, one year after Shu was conquered by its rival state, Wei, Liu Ji moved to Luoyang, the Wei imperial capital. The Wei government appointed him as a Commandant of Equipage (奉車都尉) and enfeoffed him as a district marquis (鄉侯).[8]

See also[]

Notes[]

  1. ^ a b Liu Shan's biography in the Sanguozhi recorded that Liu Li died in the 4th month of the 7th year of the Yanxi era of Liu Shan's reign.[1] This month corresponds to 25 May to 22 June 244 in the Gregorian calendar.

References[]

  1. ^ ([延熙七年]夏四月，安平王理卒。) Sanguozhi vol. 33.
  2. ^ de Crespigny (2007), p. 541.
  3. ^ (劉理字奉孝，亦後主庶弟也，與永異母。) Sanguozhi vol. 34.
  4. ^ (章武元年六月，使司徒靖立理為梁王，策曰：「小子理，朕統承漢序，祗順天命，遵脩典秩，建爾於東，為漢籓輔。惟彼梁土，畿甸之邦，民狎教化，易導以禮。往悉乃心，懷保黎庶，以永爾國，王其敬之哉！」) Sanguozhi vol. 34.
  5. ^ (建興八年，改封理為安平王。延熙七年卒，諡曰悼王。) Sanguozhi vol. 34.
  6. ^ (子哀王胤嗣，十九年卒。) Sanguozhi vol. 34.
  7. ^ (子殤王承嗣，二十年卒。) Sanguozhi vol. 34.
  8. ^ (景耀四年詔曰：「安平王，先帝所命。三世早夭，國嗣頹絕，朕用傷悼。其以武邑侯輯襲王位。」輯，理子也，咸熙元年，東遷洛陽，拜奉車都尉，封鄉侯。) Sanguozhi vol. 34.
  • Chen, Shou (3rd century). Records of the Three Kingdoms (Sanguozhi).
  • de Crespigny, Rafe (2007). A Biographical Dictionary of Later Han to the Three Kingdoms 23-220 AD. Leiden: Brill. ISBN 9789004156050.
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