Melyridae

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Melyridae
Temporal range: Middle Jurassic–Recent
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Anthocomus rufus side.jpg
Anthocomus rufus
Scientific classification e
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Coleoptera
Suborder: Polyphaga
Infraorder: Cucujiformia
Superfamily: Cleroidea
Family: Melyridae
Leach, 1815
Synonyms
  • Attalomimidae
  • Dasytidae
  • Gietellidae
  • Malachiidae

Melyridae (common name: soft-winged flower beetles) are a family of beetles of the superfamily Cleroidea.

Description[]

Most are elongate-oval, soft-bodied beetles 10 mm long or less. Many are brightly patterned in black and brown, yellow, or red. Some melyrids (Malachiinae) have peculiar orange structures along the sides of the abdomen, which may be everted and saclike or withdrawn into the body and inconspicuous. Some melyrids have the two basal antennomeres greatly enlarged. Most adults and larvae are predaceous, but many are common on flowers. The most common North American species belong to the genus Collops (Malachiinae); C. quadrimaculatus is reddish, with two bluish black spots on each elytron.[1]

Four New Guinean species of Choresine (the more abundant , the less abundant and the two infrequent and , the latter as yet unnamed) have been found to contain batrachotoxins, which may account for the toxicity of some birds such as the Blue-capped ifrit and hooded pitohui which eat them. The hypothesis that Phyllobates frogs in South America obtain batrachotoxins from related genera of the Melyridae (Choresine does not occur there) has not been tested due to the difficulty of field-work in Colombia.[2]

Evolutionary history[]

The oldest fossil of the family are and from the late Middle Jurassic (Callovian) Daohugou bed in Inner Mongolia, China.[3] The oldest member of Dasytinae is from the early Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian) aged of France.[4]

Distribution[]

The family Melyridae contains 520 species in 58 genera in North America. In Europe 16 genera are present; however, the largest diversity is in tropical rainforests.

Subfamilies[]

Various authorities have, at times, treated each of the presently-recognized subfamilies as families, and a few tribes have been accorded family status, as well (e.g., "Attalomimidae"). The family Mauroniscidae was removed from Melyridae in 1995.

Dasytes plumbeus (Dasytinae)

Genera[]

These genera belong to the family Melyridae:

  • Ablechrus Waterhouse, 1877
  • Westwood, 1839
  • Solier 1849
  • Anthocomus Erichson, 1840
  • Redtenbacher, 1850
  • Tshernyshev, 2009
  • Apalochrus Erichson, 1840
  • Aplocnemus Sahlberg 1822
  • Solier, 1849
  • Astylus Laporte, 1836
  • Casey, 1895
  • Erichson, 1840
  • Leng, 1918
  • Axinotarsus Motschulsky, 1854
  • Balanophorus MacLeay, 1872
  • Motschoulsky, 1859
  • Champion, 1923
  • Carphurus Erichson, 1840
  • Jacquelin Du Val, 1859
  • Mulsant & Rey, 1867
  • Ceratistes Fischer von Waldheim, 1844
  • Leconte, 1880
  • Charopus Erichson, 1840
  • Clanoptilus Motschulsky, 1854
  • Collops Erichson, 1840
  • Erichson 1840
  • Redtenbacher, 1849
  • Cordylepherus Evers, 1985
  • Casey, 1895
  • Motschulsky, 1854
  • Danacea Laporte, 1838
  • Casey, 1895
  • Casey, 1895
  • Dasytes Casey, 1895
  • Schilsky, 1896
  • Dicranolaius
  • Divales Laporte de Castelnau, 1836
  • Kiesenwetter, 1867
  • Stephens, 1830
  • Ebaeus Erichson, 1840
  • Wolcott, 1944
  • Endeodes LeConte, 1859
  • Enicopus Stephens, 1830
  • Leconte, 1861
  • Pic, 1913
  • Kraatz, 1895
  • Broun, 1883
  • Evers, 1985
  • Blaisdell, 1924
  • Pic, 1926
  • Hypebaeus Kiesenwetter, 1863
  • Pascoe, 1866
  • Laius Guérin-Méneville, 1830
  • Casey, 1895
  • Blaisdell, 1924
  • Motschoulsky, 1859
  • Malachius Fabricius, 1775
  • Waterhouse, 1876
  • Fabricius, 1775
  • Gorham, 1882
  • Leconte, 1852
  • Nepachys Thomson, 1859
  • Marshall, 1951
  • Gorham, 1900
  • Psilothrix Redtenbacher, 1858
  • Leconte, 1852
  • Mayor, 2004
  • Schilsky in Kuester, 1894
  • Leconte, 1859
  • Horn, 1872
  • Motschulsky, 1859
  • Horn, 1870
  • Fall, 1930

Notes[]

  1. ^ Triplehorn, C. and Johnson, N.: "Borror and DeLong's Introduction to the Study of Insects, 7th Ed.", page 429. Brooks/Cole, 2005.
  2. ^ John P. Dumbacher, Avit Wako, Scott R. Derrickson, Allan Samuelson, Thomas F. Spande, John W. Daly (2004): Melyrid beetles (Choresine): A putative source for the batrachotoxin alkaloids found in poison-dart frogs and toxic passerine birds. The National Academy of Sciences. Vol. 101 no. 45, 15857-15860
  3. ^ Kolibac, Jiri; Huang, Diying (2019). "New cleroid beetles from the Middle-Late Jurassic of China". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 64. doi:10.4202/app.00550.2018. ISSN 0567-7920.
  4. ^ Tihelka, Erik; Huang, Diying; Perrichot, Vincent; Cai, Chenyang (2021-04-11). Labandeira, Conrad (ed.). "A previously missing link in the evolution of dasytine soft‐winged flower beetles from Cretaceous Charentese amber (Coleoptera, Melyridae)". Papers in Palaeontology: spp2.1360. doi:10.1002/spp2.1360. ISSN 2056-2799.


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