Mohammed ben Abdallah
| Mohammed ben Abdallah | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Sultan of Morocco | |
| Reign | 1757–1790 |
| Predecessor | Abdallah ben Ismail |
| Successor | Yazid ben Mohammed |
| Born | 1710 Fes, Morocco |
| Died | 9 April 1790 (aged 79–80) Meknes, Morocco |
| Burial | |
| House | Alaouite |
| Father | Abdallah ben Ismail |
| Religion | Sunni Islam |
Sidi Mohammed ben Abdellah al-Khatib (Arabic: سيدي محمد الثالث بن عبد الله الخطيب), known as Mohammed III (Arabic: محمد الثالث), born on 1710 in Fes and died on 1790 in Meknes,[1] was Sultan of Morocco from 1757 to 1790 as a member of the Alaouite dynasty. He was the governor of Marrakesh around 1750. He was also briefly sultan in 1748. He rebuilt many cities after the earthquake of 1755, including Mogador, Casablanca, and Rabat, and Abdallah Laroui described him as "the architect of modern Morocco."[2][3] He is notable for having been the leader of one of the first nations to recognize American independence[4][5] in his alliance with Luis de Unzaga 'le Conciliateur' through correspondence and Unzaga's secret intelligence service and led by his brothers-in-law Antonio and Matías de Gálvez from the Canary Islands. He was the son of Abdallah ben Ismail.
Rule[]
He was the son of Sultan Abdallah IV who reigned 1745–1757. A more open-minded ruler than many of his forebears, he signed numerous peace treaties with the European powers, and curtailed the power of the Barbary corsairs. He revived the city of Essaouira and invited Moroccan Jews and the English to trade there. He also built the old medina of Casablanca (Derb Tazi) and renovated the kasbah of Marrakesh. Mohammed III used numerous European technicians and architects for his projects, such as Théodore Cornut and the Englishman Ahmed el Inglizi.
Mohammed ben Abdallah also took steps to remove the foreign presence on Moroccan coasts. He repulsed the French in the 1765 Larache expedition. In 1769, the Portuguese prime Minister Marques Pombal decided to abandon their last outpost in Morocco Mazagan. The Portuguese evacuated the residents of Mazagan to South Brazil and returned the outpost to Morocco. Allowing for establishment of diplomatic relations between the two countries for first time. However, the Siege of Melilla (1774) against the Spanish ended in defeat in 1775 when British aid failed to materialize.
In 1777, under the rule of Mohammed ben Abdallah, Morocco became the first nation to recognize the United States of America as an independent nation.[6]
Mohammed ben Abdallah died on 9 April 1790 in Meknes,[7] and was buried in the Dar al-Makhzen of Rabat.
See also[]
- Mohammed al-Duayf
- List of Kings of Morocco
- History of Morocco
- Moroccan–American Treaty of Friendship
Notes[]
- ^ Abitbol 2009, p. [page needed].
- ^ LAROUI, ABDALLAH; Manheim, Ralph (1977). The History of the Maghrib: An Interpretive Essay. Princeton University Press. p. 276. JSTOR j.ctt13x12zg.
- ^ Blondeau, Mathilde; Ouzzani, Kenza Joundy (2016). Casablanca courts-circuits. ISBN 978-9954-37-750-5. OCLC 1135744090.
- ^ "History of the U.S. and Morocco". U.S. Embassy & Consulate in Morocco. Retrieved 2020-04-18.
- ^ News, Morocco World (2012-03-20). "Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah's Diplomatic Initiatives towards the United States 1777-1786: Direct Reasons". Morocco World News. Retrieved 2020-04-18.
- ^ Capitalizing on the Morocco-US Free Trade Agreement: A Road Map for Success. ISBN 9780881325812. Retrieved September 21, 2016.
- ^ Abitbol 2009, p. 278.
References[]
Bibliography[]
- Abitbol, Michel (2009). Trente ans d'anarchie : le Maroc après la mort de Moulay Isma'il (in French). Paris: Éditions Perrin. ISBN 9782262023881.
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- Alaouite dynasty
- 1710 births
- 1790 deaths
- 18th-century Arabs
- Sultans of Morocco
- People from Fez, Morocco
- People from Marrakesh
- 18th-century Moroccan people
- 18th-century monarchs in Africa
- Alaouite dynasty monarchs
- Nobility stubs