Osa Maliki

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Osa Maliki Wangsadinata
Osa Maliki, Hasil Rakjat Memilih Tokoh-tokoh Parlemen (Hasil Pemilihan Umum Pertama - 1955) di Republik Indonesia, p75.jpg
Chairman of Indonesian National Party
In office
27 April 1966 – 15 September 1969
Preceded byAli Sastroamidjojo
Succeeded byHadisubeno Sosrowerdojo
Deputy Speaker of the People's Consultative Assembly
(Nationalist Faction)
In office
7 June 1966 – 15 September 1969
Preceded byAli Sastroamidjojo
Succeeded byMohammad Isnaeni
Member of People's Representative Council
In office
26 March 1956 – 9 February 1968
Personal details
Born(1907-12-30)30 December 1907
Padalarang, Dutch East Indies
Died14 September 1969(1969-09-14) (aged 61)
Salatiga, Central Java, Indonesia
Political partyIndonesian Communist Party (1924–1926)
Indonesian National Party (1946–1969)

Osa Maliki Wangsadinata (30 December 1907 – 15 September 1969) was an Indonesian politician of the Indonesian National Party. He served as the party's chairman following Sukarno's fall from power in 1966.

Early life and education[]

Osa was born on 30 December 1907 in Padalarang, today in West Bandung Regency, West Java. He was educated at a Taman Siswa school.[1][dead link]

Career[]

Since 1924, Osa had participated in the Indonesian nationalist movement, joining the communist Sarekat Islam-Merah, which was absorbed by the Indonesian Communist Party (PKI) and he became a PKI member.[1] After the failed 1926 communist revolt, Osa was captured and exiled to Boven-Digoel. When he was returned from exile, he taught at a Taman Siswa school in Bandung between 1938 and 1942. During the Japanese occupation of Indonesia, he became head of propaganda at  [id], and was imprisoned for four months by the Kenpeitai. He served in various republican government positions in West Java during the Indonesian National Revolution, being detained by the Dutch for six months. He also joined the Indonesian National Party (PNI) in 1946.[1]

After the revolution, he briefly worked as head of the provincial information department of West Java, and in 1953–1954 he studied mass communication abroad. He was elected to the People's Representative Council in the 1955 Indonesian legislative election, as a PNI member representing West Java.[1]

PNI split[]

In 1960, Osa was appointed as a member of the DPR-GR, where he would serve until February 1968.[2] Within PNI, however, as Osa was a supporter of the previous parliamentary system abolished and replaced by the new Guided Democracy, he was removed from his position as second chairman of PNI along with first chairman Hardi by Ali Sastroamidjojo.[3] Osa became part of the anti-PKI faction within the PNI, despite not being able to directly attack Sukarno initially.[4] Osa, along with others such as Hardi and Mohammad Isnaeni, boycotted a PNI plenary meeting in August 1965, and as a result they were suspended by Sastroamidjojo from the PNI. This group of seven, along with three other suspended PNI members, proceeded to attempt to generate support to call an extraordinary PNI congress.[5]

Between May and October 1965, 140 members were suspended by PNI for supporting Osa's faction, mostly from Jakarta and West Java.[6] Following the 30 September movement, Osa's faction acted more boldly, and set up a competing leadership of the PNI with Osa as chairman while declaring that the current leadership under Sastroamidjojo was banned.[7] By mid-October, army commanders and religious groups have backed and cooperated with Osa's faction in eliminating supposed pro-PKI elements from PNI.[8]

While other PNI members such as Iskaq Tjokrohadisurjo attempted to bring Sastroamidjojo and Osa's factions together by arranging an emergency party congress with little success,[9] events in March 1966 gave Suharto significant authority, and Suharto arranged meetings between the opposing PNI factions in the same month. A party congress was held in 24-27 April 1966, with military and KAMI interference, and it resulted in Osa being appointed party chairman while Sastroamidjojo and his faction were sidelined in the leadership.[10] In June 1966, he was appointed as Deputy Speaker of the Provisional People's Consultative Assembly.[11]

Death[]

Osa died on 15 September 1969 in Semarang, after participating at the  [id] congress the previous day in Salatiga.[12][13] A 1 km long road in Salatiga is today named after him.[14]

References[]

  1. ^ Jump up to: a b c d Parlaungan. "Hasil rakjat memilih tokoh-tokoh parlemen : hasil pemilihan umum pertama - 1955 di Republik Indonesia" (PDF) (in Indonesian). C.V. Gita. pp. 75–76. Retrieved 13 July 2021.
  2. ^ Seperempat abad Dewan Perwakilan Rakjat Republik Indonesia (in Indonesian). Dewan Perwakilan Rakjat. 1970.
  3. ^ McIntyre, Angus (1972). "Divisions and Power in the Indonesian National Party, 1965-1966" (PDF). Indonesia (13): 184–186. doi:10.2307/3350686. hdl:1813/53534. ISSN 0019-7289. JSTOR 3350686.
  4. ^ McIntyre 1972, p. 188.
  5. ^ McIntyre 1972, pp. 190–191.
  6. ^ McIntyre 1972, p. 194.
  7. ^ McIntyre 1972, p. 193.
  8. ^ McIntyre 1972, pp. 196–197.
  9. ^ McIntyre 1972, pp. 199–201.
  10. ^ McIntyre 1972, pp. 206–210.
  11. ^ "Keputusan Presiden Republik Indonesia No. 126 Tahun 1966" (PDF) (in Indonesian). Retrieved 15 July 2021.
  12. ^ "Djenazah Osa Maliki Dikebumikan Di Taman Pahlawan Tjikutra". Kompas. 17 September 1969. p. 1. Retrieved 16 July 2021.
  13. ^ Bhakti, Ikrar Nusa (1999). Tentara mendamba mitra: hasil penelitian LIPI tentang pasang surut keterlibatan ABRI dalam kehidupan kepartaian di Indonesia (in Indonesian). PPW-LIPI. p. 136. ISBN 978-979-433-232-0.
  14. ^ "Di Balik Nama Osamaliki, Jalan di Salatiga Penghubung Semarang-Solo". Tribun Jateng (in Indonesian). 2 January 2018. Retrieved 14 July 2021.
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