Panax ginseng

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This article is about the plant species. For the root and its uses, see Ginseng. For another species that is also called "Chinese ginseng", see Panax notoginseng.

Panax ginseng
Ginsengpflanze.jpg
Scientific classification edit
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Apiales
Family: Araliaceae
Genus: Panax
Species:
P. ginseng
Binomial name
Panax ginseng
Synonyms[1]
  • Aralia ginseng Baill.
  • Panax verus Oken

Panax ginseng, ginseng,[2] also known as Asian ginseng,[2][3] Chinese ginseng,[2][3] or Korean ginseng,[2][3][4] is a species of plant whose root is the original source of ginseng. It is a perennial plant that grows in the mountains of East Asia.

Names[]

Panax ginseng is called Rénshēn (人蔘 or 人参 or 人參; lit. 'ginseng') in Chinese, Insam (인삼; 人蔘) in Korean and Ninjin (人参) in Japanese.

Distribution[]

Panax ginseng is native to mountainous regions of Russian Far East (Outer Manchuria), Northeast China, and the Korean Peninsula.[2] It is a protected plant in Russia and China, and most commercial ginseng is now sourced from plants cultivated in China, Korea and Russia. It is also cultivated in some areas of Japan. The plant is a slow-growing perennial and the roots are usually harvested when the plants are five or six years old.[5]

Cultivation[]

Panax ginseng is one of the most commonly cultivated ginseng species, along with P. notoginseng (found naturally in China) and P. quinquefolius.[6]

Research[]

There is no high-quality evidence for ginseng having a health effect.[7] Ginseng phytochemicals called ginsenosides are under preliminary research for their potential to affect fatigue in people with multiple sclerosis, memory and cognition in otherwise healthy adults, and erectile dysfunction.[7] Panax ginseng is generally considered safe for adults when used for less than six months, but may be unsafe to use for longer than six months.[7]

Folk medicine[]

Ginseng is used as an herb in folk medicine.[3]

See also[]

References[]

  1. ^ Synonyms in Catalogue of life
  2. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e "Panax ginseng". Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). Agricultural Research Service (ARS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Retrieved 13 February 2018.
  3. ^ Jump up to: a b c d "Asian Ginseng". National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH). September 2016. Retrieved June 24, 2017.
  4. ^ English Names for Korean Native Plants (PDF). Pocheon: Korea National Arboretum. 2015. p. 559. ISBN 978-89-97450-98-5. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 May 2017. Retrieved 24 December 2016 – via Korea Forest Service.
  5. ^ Mahady, Gail B.; Fong, Harry H.S.; Farnsworth, N.R. (2001). Botanical Dietary Supplements. CRC Press. pp. 207–215. ISBN 978-90-265-1855-3.
  6. ^ Baeg, In-Ho; So, Seung-Ho (2013). "The world ginseng market and the ginseng". Journal of Ginseng Research. 37 (1): 1–7. doi:10.5142/jgr.2013.37.1. PMC 3659626. PMID 23717152. Retrieved 11 August 2018.
  7. ^ Jump up to: a b c "Panax ginseng". MedlinePlus, US National Library of Medicine. 21 April 2021. Retrieved 24 August 2021.
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