Pavlodar
Pavlodar
Павлодар | |
|---|---|
 | |
 Flag  Coat of arms | |
  Pavlodar Location in Kazakhstan | |
| Coordinates: 52°18′N 76°57′E / 52.300°N 76.950°E | |
| Country |  Kazakhstan |
| Region | Pavlodar Region |
| Established | 1720 |
| Incorporated | 1861 |
| Government | |
| • Akim (mayor) | Nurjan Áshimbetov |
| Area | |
| • City | 400 km2 (200 sq mi) |
| • Urban | 100 km2 (40 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 123 m (404 ft) |
| Population (2014) | |
| • City | 353 930[1] |
| • Density | 798.5/km2 (2,068/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+6 (UTC+6) |
| Postal code | 140000 - 140017 |
| Area code(s) | +7 7182 |
| Climate | Dfb |
| Website | http://www.pavlodar.gov.kz |
Coordinates: 52°18′N 76°57′E / 52.300°N 76.950°E
Pavlodar (Kazakh: Pavlodar, Russian: Павлодар) is a city in northeastern Kazakhstan and the capital of Pavlodar Region. It is located 450 km northeast of the national capital Nur-Sultan, and 405 km southeast of the Russian city of Omsk along the Irtysh River. As of 2010, the city has a population of 331,710.[2] The population of Pavlodar is composed predominantly of ethnic Kazakhs and Russians with significant Ukrainian, German and Tatar minorities. The city is served by Pavlodar Airport. As of April 1, the city has been subject to quarantine in an attempt to slow the spread of Covid-19.[3][needs update]
History[]
One of the oldest cities in northern Kazakhstan, Pavlodar was founded in 1720 as Koryakovsky fort, an Imperial Russian outpost. The settlement was created to establish control over the region's salt lakes, an important source of valuable salt. In 1861 the settlement was renamed Pavlodar and incorporated as a town. Pavlodar's significance was due in large measure to the substantial agricultural and salt-producing industries that had developed there despite the town's relatively small population. Pavlodar's population numbered only about 8,000 in 1897. The name Pavlodar means The Gift of Paul, and was chosen to commemorate the birth of the Grand Duke Paul Alexandrovich of Russia.[4]
After 1955, the Soviet Government's Virgin Lands Campaign provided the impetus for the rapid growth and development of modern Pavlodar. Under the program, large numbers of young men and women from throughout the Soviet Union were relocated to the city; industrial and commercial activity was increased; and from the mid-1960s on, Pavlodar grew to become a major industrial centre of both the Kazakh SSR and of the Soviet Union because of a major arms and armour manufacturing facility located in the city.[5]
Geography[]
Climate[]
Pavlodar has a warm-summer humid continental climate that borders on the hot summer one (Köppen Dfb but only ½ a degree below Dfa) with long, cold winters and hot summers.
The average temperature in January is −15.8 °C (4 °F) with absolute observed lows reaching −45 to −47 °C (−49 to −53 °F). In July the temperature averages 21.5 °C (71 °F). Yearly precipitation amounts to 303 mm (12 in).
| hideClimate data for Pavlodar | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 4.2 (39.6) |
5.3 (41.5) |
24.6 (76.3) |
33.0 (91.4) |
38.0 (100.4) |
40.8 (105.4) |
41.1 (106.0) |
40.6 (105.1) |
36.1 (97.0) |
29.2 (84.6) |
17.9 (64.2) |
7.2 (45.0) |
41.1 (106.0) |
| Average high °C (°F) | −10.8 (12.6) |
−9.3 (15.3) |
−1.5 (29.3) |
12.5 (54.5) |
21.1 (70.0) |
26.6 (79.9) |
28.0 (82.4) |
25.9 (78.6) |
19.1 (66.4) |
10.5 (50.9) |
−1.4 (29.5) |
−8 (18) |
9.4 (48.9) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −15.8 (3.6) |
−14.9 (5.2) |
−7.1 (19.2) |
5.6 (42.1) |
14.0 (57.2) |
19.7 (67.5) |
21.5 (70.7) |
19.0 (66.2) |
12.2 (54.0) |
4.3 (39.7) |
−6.0 (21.2) |
−12.8 (9.0) |
3.3 (37.9) |
| Average low °C (°F) | −20.5 (−4.9) |
−20 (−4) |
−12 (10) |
−0.5 (31.1) |
7.0 (44.6) |
12.8 (55.0) |
15.3 (59.5) |
12.6 (54.7) |
6.2 (43.2) |
−0.6 (30.9) |
−10.0 (14.0) |
−17.4 (0.7) |
−2.3 (27.9) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −45 (−49) |
−42.8 (−45.0) |
−37.2 (−35.0) |
−27.2 (−17.0) |
−6.1 (21.0) |
−2.2 (28.0) |
4.2 (39.6) |
0.0 (32.0) |
−9 (16) |
−21.5 (−6.7) |
−40 (−40) |
−45.2 (−49.4) |
−45.2 (−49.4) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 20 (0.8) |
16 (0.6) |
13 (0.5) |
18 (0.7) |
28 (1.1) |
31 (1.2) |
55 (2.2) |
32 (1.3) |
21 (0.8) |
25 (1.0) |
23 (0.9) |
21 (0.8) |
303 (11.9) |
| Average rainy days | 1 | 0 | 3 | 8 | 12 | 12 | 15 | 12 | 12 | 10 | 5 | 1 | 91 |
| Average snowy days | 18 | 16 | 12 | 5 | 1 | 0.03 | 0 | 0.03 | 0 | 5 | 14 | 19 | 90 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 79 | 79 | 80 | 62 | 54 | 55 | 60 | 61 | 63 | 71 | 80 | 80 | 69 |
| Source: Pogoda.ru.net[6] | |||||||||||||
Demographics[]
The city's population is 331,119 (as of January 1, 2018), and the extended urbanized area has 342,321 inhabitants.[7]
Ethnic groups are as follows (as of January 1, 2018):[8][9]
- Kazakhs — 166,835 (46.54%)
- Russians — 152,032 (41.63%)
- Ukrainians — 15,184 (4.69%)
- Germans — 9,058 (2.73%)
- Tatars — 7,752 (2.34%)
- Belarusians — 2,852 (0.86%)
- Ingushetians — 1,279 (0.39%)
- Moldovans — 954 (0.29%)
- Azeris — 802 (0.24%)
- Chechens — 800 (0.24%)
- Koreans — 594 (0.18%)
- Polish — 574 (0.17%)
- Bulgarians — 475 (0.15%)
- Chuvash — 425 (0.14%)
- Bashkirs — 415 (0.13%)
- Others — 5,470 (1.65%)
- Total — 331,710 (100.00%)
Economy[]
The largest local industries are aluminum, industrial chemicals, and farm machinery. An oil refinery was completed in 1978. In 2012 Polish rolling stock manufacturer Pesa Bydgoszcz announced its intentions to build a tram assembly plant in Pavlodar in conjunction with the city's plans to buy up to 100 new trams from the manufacturer to shore up its aging public transport infrastructure.[10] The pharmaceutical company Romat is based in Pavlodar.[11]
Sports[]
FC Irtysh is a Kazakh football club based at the Central Stadium in Pavlodar. Another notable club formerly based in Pavlodar, FC Energetik, has since relocated to Ekibastuz.
The Chess Federation of Pavlodar organizes frequent citywide competitions such as «Pavlodar Open 2007» and «The Pavlodar Regional Cup», a fast chess competition.[12] Several FIDE masters, and grandmasters including Rinat Zhumabayev, Pavel Kotsur, Yuri Nikitin Vladimir Grebenshikov, and Yelena Ankudinova, participate regularly in the events.
Ice hockey team Irtysh play in Nur-Sultan Ice Palace (capacity 2, 800). Pavlodar hockey players were the champions of Kazakhstan three times in the row in the seasons 2012/2013, 2013/2014 and 2014/2015.
Infrastructure[]
Public transportation[]
Pavlodar has an 86 km streetcar (tram) network, which began service in 1965 with, as of 2012, 20 regular and 3 special routes. The network has a 60% share of the local public transport market. However, its fleet of 115 trams is due to be replaced by 100 new trams produced locally by Polish manufacturer PESA SA. In addition, Pavlodar has bus and minibus (marshrutka) service.[10][13]
Education[]
Several universities are located in Pavlodar, among them:
- Pavlodar State University (named after S. Toraigyrov)
- Pavlodar State Pedagogical University
- Innovative University of Eurasia
Sister cities[]
Notable People[]
- - a photographer and local historian, lived in Pavlodar from 1889 until 1958.
- Terenty Dmitrievich Deribas- a Bolshevik and member of the VChK, headed the Pavlodar revolutionary committee in 1920.
- - a Russian language teacher and editor of one of the first Soviet newspapers Unification, worked in Pavlodar from 1909 until 1918.
- Kanysh Imantayuli Satbayev- a Soviet geologist, studied at the Russian-Kyrgyz school in Pavlodar from 1911 until 1914.
- Maira Valievna Shamsutdinova- a native Kazakh singer and composer, was born in Pavlodar.
- - a Russian writer and dramaturg, was born in Pavlodar.
- Sergey Aleksandrovich Zaikov- a Kazakhstani gold medalist in the 4 × 400 metres relay, was born in Pavlodar.
- Mariya Agapova- Kazakhstani mixed martial artist
Gallery[]
Ayimautov Theatre (Kaz. J. Aımaýytov atyndaǵy oblystyq qazaq mýzykaly drama teatry; Rus. Казахский драматический театр имени Аймаутова)
KazMunayGaz (Kaz. QazMunaıGaz-dyń ǵımaraty)
House of Friendship (Kaz. Dostyq úıi; Rus. Дом дружбы)
Train station (Kaz. Pavlodar temir jol bokzaly; Rus. Вокзал)
Central stadium (Kaz. Ortalyq stadıon)
Old city mosque (Kaz. Jóndelgen Pavlodardyń eski meshiti)
Irtysh river view
Abdulfattah Ramazanov mosque
Blagoveschensky cathedral (Russian Orthodox Church)
Catholic church of Saint Thereza
References[]
- ^ Город Павлодар Archived 2015-04-16 at the Wayback Machine Департамент статистики Павлодарской области
- ^ "Pavlodar Statistics". pavl.kz. Archived from the original on 22 July 2011. Retrieved 13 April 2018.
- ^ https://tengrinews.kz/kazakhstan_news/priem-vseh-reysov-prekraschaet-aeroport-nur-sultana-396724/
- ^ "Pavlodar - Kazakhstan". britannica.com. Retrieved 13 April 2018.
- ^ "Pavlodar travel guide". Caravanistan. Retrieved 2019-08-13.
- ^ "Weather and Climate – The Climate of Pavlodar" (in Russian). Weather and Climate (Погода и климат). Archived from the original on 25 November 2016. Retrieved 25 November 2016.
- ^ "Stat.kz".
- ^ Департамент статистики Павлодарской области (Oblast statistical agency) Archived 2012-04-23 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Агентство Республики Казахстан по статистике. Численность населения Республики Казахстан по областям, городам и районам, полу и отдельным возрастным группам, отдельным этносам на начало 2010 года (Kazakh Statistical Agency Archived 2013-01-17 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Jump up to: a b "Pesa to establish tram assembly plant in Kazakhstan", Railway Gazette, 4 May 2012
- ^ "Kazakhstan International Healthcare Exhibition. List of participants of 2009". kihe.kz. Archived from the original on 2011-04-21. Retrieved 2011-07-20.
- ^ Skurygin, Anton (September 27, 2007). "Pavlodar Regional Cup on Fast Chess 2007" (in Russian). Chess in Pavlodar. Retrieved March 29, 2008.
- ^ "Павлодарский трамвай :: Введение". pavlodar-tramway.narod.ru. Retrieved 13 April 2018.
External links[]
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- Cities and towns in Kazakhstan
- Populated places in Pavlodar Region
- Semipalatinsk Oblast
- Populated places established in 1720
- 1720 establishments in Russia
- Populated places on the Irtysh River