Primary sector of the economy
Economic sectors |
---|
Three-sector model |
Primary sector (raw materials) Secondary sector (manufacturing) Tertiary sector (services) |
Additional sectors |
Quaternary sector (information services) Quinary sector (human services) |
Theorists |
AGB Fisher · Colin Clark · Jean Fourastié |
Sectors by ownership |
Business sector · Private sector · Public sector · Voluntary sector |
The primary sector of the economy includes any industry involved in the extraction and production of raw materials, such as farming, logging, hunting, fishing, and mining.[1][2][3]
The primary sector tends to make up a larger portion of the economy in developing countries than it does in developed countries. For example, in 2018, agriculture, forestry, and fishing comprised more than 15% of GDP in Sub-Saharan Africa[4] but less than 1% of GDP in North America.[5]
In developed countries the primary sector has become more technologically advanced, enabling for example the mechanization of farming, as compared with hand-picking and -planting in poorer countries.[6] More developed economies may invest additional capital in primary means of production: for example, in the United States corn belt, combine harvesters pick the corn, and sprayers spray large amounts of insecticides, herbicides and fungicides, producing a higher yield than is possible using less capital-intensive techniques. These technological advances and investment allow the primary sector to employ a smaller workforce, so developed countries tend to have a smaller percentage of their workforce involved in primary activities, instead having a higher percentage involved in the secondary and tertiary sectors.[7]
List of countries by agricultural output[]
Economy | Countries by agricultural output (in PPP terms) at peak level as of 2018 (billions in USD)
| ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(01) ![]() |
2,101
| ||||||||
(02) ![]() |
1,602
| ||||||||
(03) ![]() |
486
| ||||||||
(—) ![]() |
352
| ||||||||
(04) ![]() |
284
| ||||||||
(05) ![]() |
253
| ||||||||
(06) ![]() |
209
| ||||||||
(07) ![]() |
196
| ||||||||
(08) ![]() |
185
| ||||||||
(09) ![]() |
162
| ||||||||
(10) ![]() |
155
| ||||||||
(11) ![]() |
154
| ||||||||
(12) ![]() |
109
| ||||||||
(13) ![]() |
108
| ||||||||
(14) ![]() |
108
| ||||||||
(15) ![]() |
101
| ||||||||
(16) ![]() |
100
| ||||||||
(17) ![]() |
92
| ||||||||
(18) ![]() |
89
| ||||||||
(19) ![]() |
87
| ||||||||
(20) ![]() |
84
| ||||||||
The twenty largest countries by agricultural output (in PPP terms) at peak level as of 2018, according to the IMF and CIA World Factbook. |
See also[]
- Resource curse
- Three-sector model
References[]
- ^ Chand, S. N. (2006). Dictionary of economics. New Delhi: Atlantic Publishers & Distributors. p. 268. ISBN 81-269-0535-2. OCLC 297507928.
- ^ "primary producer". CollinsDictionary.com. HarperCollins. Retrieved 2019-12-10.
- ^ Kjeldsen-Kragh, Søren (2007). The Role of Agriculture in Economic Development: The Lessons of History. Copenhagen Business School Press DK. p. 73. ISBN 978-87-630-0194-6.
- ^ "Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | Sub-Saharan Africa". World Bank Open Data. 2018. Retrieved 2019-07-14.
- ^ "Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | North America". World Bank Open Data. 2018. Retrieved 2019-07-14.
- ^ "Employment in agriculture (% of total employment) (modeled ILO estimate) - Data". data.worldbank.org.
- ^ H Dwight H. Perkins: Proceedings of the Academy of Political Science, Vol. 31, No. 1, China's Developmental Experience (March 1973)
Further reading[]
- Dwight H. Perkins: Proceedings of the Academy of Political Science, Vol. 31, No. 1, China's Developmental Experience (Mar., 1973)
- Cameron: General Economic and Social History
- Historia Económica y Social General, by Maria Inés Barbero, Rubén L. Berenblum, Fernando R. García Molina, Jorge Saborido
External links[]
Media related to Primary sector of the economy at Wikimedia Commons
- Economy101.net: The Nature of Wealth
- Primary sector of the economy
- Economic sectors
- National accounts
- Resource economics
- World economy