Princess Maria Antonia of the Two Sicilies

Names
	Maria Antonia Josepha Anna

Maria Antonietta
Maria Antonietta
	Maria Antonia in 1836.
Grand Duchess of Tuscany
Tenure	7 June 1833 – 21 July 1859
Born	19 December 1814; Royal Palace of Palermo, Kingdom of Sicily, Italy
Died	7 November 1898 (aged 83); Gmunden, Austria
Spouse	Leopold II, Grand Duke of Tuscany; (m. 1833 – 1870; his death)
Issue	Archduchess Maria Isabella, Countess of Trapani; Ferdinand IV, Grand Duke of Tuscany; Archduke Karl Salvator; Maria Luisa, Princess of Isenburg-Büdingen; Archduke Ludwig Salvator; Archduke John Salvator
Names
Names
	Maria Antonia Josepha Anna
House	Bourbon-Two Sicilies
Father	Francis I of the Two Sicilies
Mother	Maria Isabella of Spain
Religion	Roman Catholicism

Princess Maria Antonia of the Two Sicilies (Maria Antonietta Giuseppa Anna; 19 December 1814 – 7 November 1898) was the Grand Duchess of Tuscany from 1833 to 1859 as the consort of Leopold II. In signature, she used Maria Antonietta.^{[citation needed]}

Biography[]

Maria Antonia was born at the Royal Palace of Palermo on 19 December 1814, daughter of Francis I of the Two Sicilies and his wife Maria Isabella of Spain, she was baptised Maria Antonia in honor of Maria Antonia-Anna's great-aunt Marie Antoinette, deceased sister of her grandmother Maria Carolina of Austria.

When she was born, the Neapolitan court had already moved to Sicily because Napoleonic troops had invaded the continental part of the realm. After a few months the royal family returned to Naples thanks to the Congress of Vienna.

She was particularly close to her brother the future Ferdinand II of the Two Sicilies, who affectionately dubbed her Totò.^{[citation needed]}

Marriage and issue[]

In 1833, when she was eighteen, Maria Antonia married her first cousin Leopold II, Grand Duke of Tuscany, who was seventeen years older. Marie Antoinette and Leopold had ten children:

Archduchess Maria Isabella, who wed her maternal uncle Prince Francis, Count of Trapani, youngest son of Francis I of the Two Sicilies.
Ferdinand IV, Grand Duke of Tuscany (10 June 1835 – 17 January 1908).
Archduchess Maria Theresa (29 June 1836 – 5 August 1838).
Archduchess Maria Christina (5 February 1838 – 1 September 1849).
Archduke Karl Salvator (30 April 1839 – 18 January 1892)
Archduchess Maria Anna (9 June 1840 – 13 August 1841).
Archduke Rainer (1 May 1842 – 14 August 1844).
Archduchess Maria Luisa (31 October 1845 – 27 August 1917), who wed Karl, Prince of Isenburg-Büdingen.
Archduke Ludwig Salvator (4 August 1847 – 12 October 1915).
Archduke Johann Salvator (25 November 1852 – reported lost at sea in 1890, amidst speculation that he survived, subsequently using the alias "Johann Orth").

Tributes[]

The Piazza Maria Antonia – today Piazza dell'Indipendeza, the railway line Maria Antonia and the Maria Antonia train station, now called Firenze Santa Maria Novella, were named in her honour.

Revolution[]

In April 27th 1859, before the Franco-Piedmont war against Austria, Leopold II proclaimed neutrality. On the afternoon of 27 April, Leopold II chose to leave Florence with his family, in four carriages heading toward Bologna, rather than provoke any violence by what appeared to be a well orchestrated coup directed by the Piedmontese government. Shortly beforehand he had refused to abdicate in favour of his son, Ferdinand IV, which then became nominal Grandduke of Tuscany after Leopold II was forced to abdicate by the emperor Francis Joseph in July of the same year.

Honours[]

Austria-Hungary : Dame of the Order of the Starry Cross^[1]
Two Sicilies : Dame of the Sacred Military Constantinian Order of Saint George
Spain : Dame of the Order of Queen Maria Luisa
Russian Empire : Dame Grand Cross of the Order of Saint Catherine

Ancestry[]

showAncestors of Princess Maria Antonia of the Two Sicilies

References[]

^ Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Kaiserthumes Österreich (1868), p. 110, Sternkreuz-Orden
^ Jump up to: ^a ^b Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Francis I. of the Two Sicilies" . Encyclopædia Britannica. 10 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
^ Jump up to: ^a ^b Navarrete Martínez, Esperanza Navarrete Martínez. "María de la O Isabel de Borbón". Diccionario biográfico España (in Spanish). Real Academia de la Historia.
^ Jump up to: ^a ^b ^c ^d Genealogie ascendante jusqu'au quatrieme degre inclusivement de tous les Rois et Princes de maisons souveraines de l'Europe actuellement vivans [Genealogy up to the fourth degree inclusive of all the Kings and Princes of sovereign houses of Europe currently living] (in French). Bourdeaux: Frederic Guillaume Birnstiel. 1768. p. 9.
^ Jump up to: ^a ^b Genealogie ascendate, p. 1
^ Jump up to: ^a ^b Genealogie ascendate, p. 96

External links[]

Italian royalty
Princess Maria Antonia of the Two Sicilies House of Bourbon-Two Sicilies Cadet branch of the House of Bourbon Born: 19 December 1814 Died: 3 January 1865
Vacant Title last held by Maria Anna of Saxony	Grand Duchess consort of Tuscany 7 June 1833 – 21 July 1859	Monarchy abolished
Titles in pretence
Loss of title Republic declared	— TITULAR — Grand Duchess consort of Tuscany 21 July 1859 – 3 January 1865	Vacant Title next held by Alice of Parma

[1] Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Kaiserthumes Österreich (1868), p. 110, Sternkreuz-Orden

[EB1911-Francis_I-2] Jump up to: ^a ^b Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Francis I. of the Two Sicilies" . Encyclopædia Britannica. 10 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.

[DBE-Maria_Isabel-3] Jump up to: ^a ^b Navarrete Martínez, Esperanza Navarrete Martínez. "María de la O Isabel de Borbón". Diccionario biográfico España (in Spanish). Real Academia de la Historia.

[Genealogie9-4] Jump up to: ^a ^b ^c ^d Genealogie ascendante jusqu'au quatrieme degre inclusivement de tous les Rois et Princes de maisons souveraines de l'Europe actuellement vivans [Genealogy up to the fourth degree inclusive of all the Kings and Princes of sovereign houses of Europe currently living] (in French). Bourdeaux: Frederic Guillaume Birnstiel. 1768. p. 9.

[Genealogie1-5] Jump up to: ^a ^b Genealogie ascendate, p. 1

[Genealogie96-6] Jump up to: ^a ^b Genealogie ascendate, p. 96

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show v t Princesses of the Two Sicilies by birth
Generations are numbered by descent from Ferdinand I
1st generation	Maria Theresa, Holy Roman Empress Luisa, Grand Duchess of Tuscany Maria Cristina, Queen of Sardinia Maria Amalia, Queen of the French Maria Antonia, Princess of Asturias
2nd generation	Caroline, Duchess of Berry Luisa Carlotta, Infanta Francisco de Paula of Spain Maria Christina, Queen of Spain Maria Antonia, Grand Duchess of Tuscany Maria Amalia, Infanta Sebastian of Portugal and Spain Maria Carolina, Countess of Montemolín Theresa Christina, Empress of Brazil Maria Carolina, Duchess of Aumale
3rd generation	Maria Annunciata, Archduchess Charles Louis of Austria Maria Immaculata, Archduchess Karl Salvator of Austria-Tuscany Maria Pia, Duchess of Parma Maria Luisa, Countess of Bardi Maria Antonietta, Countess of Caserta Maria Carolina, Countess Andrzej Zamoyski
4th generation	Princess Cristina of Bourbon-Two Sicilies Maria Teresa, Princess of Hohenzollern Maria Immaculata, Princess Johann Georg of Saxony Maria Cristina, Archduchess Peter Ferdinand of Austria-Tuscany Maria di Grazia, Princess Imperial of Brazil
5th generation	Princess Urraca Isabel Alfonsa, Countess Jan Kanty Zamoyski Dolores, Princess Augustyn Józef Czartoryski Mercedes, Countess of Barcelona Esperanza, Princess Pedro Gastão of Orléans-Braganza
6th generation	Princess Inés María Princess Béatrice

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