Recognition of same-sex unions in Monaco
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Same-sex relationships are recognised in the microstate of Monaco. On 4 December 2019, the National Council passed a bill establishing "cohabitation agreements", offering both same-sex and opposite-sex couples limited rights and benefits in the areas of inheritance and property. The law took effect on 27 June 2020.
Cohabitation agreements[]
The legislative process leading to the recognition of same-sex couples started in the early 2010s. In November 2010, an interview mentioned that Jean-Charles Gardetto,[1] a member of the National Council and lawyer, was preparing a draft bill intending to legally define cohabitation, either for heterosexual or for homosexual couples.[2] On 18 June 2013, the opposition Union Monégasque party submitted a bill to Parliament to establish gender-neutral cohabitation agreements.[3] The bill was immediately sent to the Women and Family Rights Commission for consideration. In July 2015, the commission's president stated that debate on the bill would begin in late 2015.[4] Originally submitted as pacte de vie commune, the bill was amended to establish a "cohabitation agreement" (French: contrat de vie commune).[a] The bill's rapporteur, Jean-Louis Grinda, submitted his report on 7 September 2016.[5] It noted that the Monegasque administration already recognises concubinage since 2008, and that the European Court of Human Rights considers non-recognition of same-sex relationships to be contrary to the European Convention on Human Rights as per Oliari and Others v Italy. On 27 October 2016, the National Council unanimously approved a resolution mandating the Council of Government to draft a bill recognizing same-sex unions.[6] On 27 April 2017, the Council responded positively to the proposal, and said it would introduce a draft law by April 2018 following the February 2018 elections.[7]
The cohabitation agreement bill was finally introduced to the National Council on 16 April 2018. Under the bill, cohabiting same-sex and opposite-sex couples would be considered on par with siblings for inheritance taxes but not at the same level as married couples. The agreement, which is open to siblings and parents and children as well, also provides an enumerated set of property, social services and citizenship rights and reciprocal obligations. The contrat is signed in front of a notary and then deposited at a public registry.[8] On 4 December 2019, the National Council unanimously approved the bill in a 22–0 vote.[9][10][11] The legislation was signed into law by Prince Albert II on 17 December 2019, published in the official journal on 27 December and took effect six months later (i.e. 27 June 2020).[8] Several lawmakers criticized the "hypocritical" opposition of Catholic officials, notably Archbishop Bernard Barsi who had written to all deputies urging them to vote against the bill, noting that the law concerned solely civil matters and not religious ones.[12] Many deputies called the law "long overdue", and president of the National Council Stéphane Valeri called it "great news for all couples".[13]
The agreement provides some but not all of the rights of marriage. For example, a foreign partner is not eligible for Monegasque citizenship, and both partners cannot share the same surname.[14]
| Party | Votes for | Votes against | Abstained or Absent |
|---|---|---|---|
| Priorité Monaco (Primo!) | 19 | - | 2 |
| Horizon Monaco | 2 | - | - |
| Union Monégasque | 1 | - | - |
| Total | 22 | 0 | 2 |
Public opinion[]
According to a survey conducted in 2007 by the Union pour Monaco (UPM) party before the 2007 municipal elections, 51% of the respondents (only native Monegasque inhabitants asked) agreed that living in a registered partnership should be accepted. Monegasques being a minority in Monaco, the survey is not representative of the entire public's opinion.[15]
See also[]
Notes[]
- ^ Ligurian: contràtto de vìtta comûne
References[]
- ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 1 April 2012. Retrieved 19 September 2011.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- ^ Monacohebdo.mc, "Les cas de discrimination existent", question : "Vous aviez en projet de proposer un texte sur le concubinage ?", 8 November 2010 (French)
- ^ (in French) n°207 Proposition de loi relative au Pacte de vie commune
- ^ "Homosexual unions could be an option in Monaco from 2017 - The Riviera Times Online". 10 October 2015. Archived from the original on 10 October 2015.
- ^ "RAPPORT SUR LA PROPOSITION DE LOI, N° 207, RELATIVE AU CONTRAT DE VIE COMMUNE".
- ^ "Bientôt un pacs monégasque ?". Monaco Hebdo. 9 November 2016.
- ^ "" Je suis une indépendante " - Monaco Hebdo". Monaco Hebdo (in French). 2017-07-19. Retrieved 2017-09-01.
- ^ Jump up to: a b "n° 1481 - Loi du 17 décembre 2019 relative aux contrats civils de solidarité" (in French).
- ^ "Monaco institue un pacs pour tous les couples". Le Quotidien (in French). 6 December 2019.
- ^ "La principauté de Monaco autorise l'union libre pour tous les couples". Ouest France (in French). 6 December 2019.
- ^ "La loi sur le contrat de vie commune votée à l'unanimité hier soir". Monaco Tribune (in French). 5 December 2019.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Gehin, Nicolas (18 December 2019). "Contrat de vie commune: ils ont dit «Oui»". Monaco Hebdo (in French).
- ^ "Monaco reconnaît l'union civile pour tous les couples". BFM TV (in French). 12 December 2019.
- ^ "L'union libre enfin reconnue à Monaco". Conseil National (in French). 24 August 2020.
- ^ "Study on Homophobia, Transphobia and Discrimination on Grounds of Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity, Sociological Report: Monaco" (PDF). The Danish Institute For Human Rights.
External links[]
- LGBT rights in Monaco
- Civil unions and partnerships by country