Research I university

Research I university is a category that the Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education uses to indicate universities in the United States that engage in the highest levels of research activity.

History[]

The 1994 edition of the Carnegie Classification defined Research I universities as those that:

Offer a full range of baccalaureate programs
Are committed to graduate education through the doctorate
Give high priority to research
Award 50 or more doctoral degrees each year
Receive annually $40 million or more in federal support^[1]

The Carnegie Foundation reported that 59 institutions met these criteria in 1994.^[2]

In their interim 2000 edition of the classification, the Carnegie Foundation renamed the category to Doctoral/research universities-extensive in order to avoid the inference that the categories signify quality differences."^[3] The foundation replaced their single classification system with a multiple classification system in their 2005 comprehensive overhaul of the classification framework ^[3]^[4] so that the term "Research I university" was no longer valid, though many universities continued to use it.

In 2015, the Carnegie Classification System reinstated the "Research I university" designations along with "Research II" and "Research III." The current system, introduced in 2018, includes the following three categories for doctoral universities:^[5]

R1: Doctoral Universities – Very high research activity
R2: Doctoral Universities – High research activity
D/PU: Doctoral/Professional Universities

In the 2018 classification, institutions were classified as either R1 or R2 if they "conferred at least 20 research/scholarship doctorates in 2016-17 and reported at least $5 million in total research expenditures."^[5] A "research activity index" was then calculated that included the following measures:

Research & development (R&D) expenditures in science and engineering (S&E)
R&D expenditures in non-S&E fields
S&E research staff (postdoctoral appointees and other non-faculty research staff with doctorates)
Doctoral conferrals in humanities, social science, STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) fields, and in other fields (e.g., business, education, public policy, social work)

These four measures were combined using principal component analysis to create two indices of research activity, one representing an aggregate level of research activity and the other representing per-capita research activity. Institutions that were high on both indices were classified among "R1: Doctoral Universities – Very high research activity."^[5]

Institutions[]

There are 137 institutions that are classified as "R1: Doctoral Universities – Very high research activity" in the Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education.^[6]

These universities have a very high level of both research activity and per capita in such research activity, using aggregate data to determine both measurements. These two classifications can be seen as the aggregate supply and aggregate demand of research, respectively.^[7]

Doctoral Universities – Very High Research Activity
Institution	Control	City	State
Arizona State University	Public	Tempe	AZ
Auburn University	Public	Auburn	AL
Baylor University	Private (Non-profit)	Waco	TX
Binghamton University	Public	Vestal	NY
Boston College	Private (Non-profit)	Chestnut Hill	MA
Boston University	Private (Non-profit)	Boston	MA
Brown University	Private (Non-profit)	Providence	RI
California Institute of Technology	Private (Non-profit)	Pasadena	CA
Carnegie Mellon University	Private (Non-profit)	Pittsburgh	PA
Case Western Reserve University	Private (Non-profit)	Cleveland	OH
Clemson University	Public	Clemson	SC
Colorado State University	Public	Fort Collins	CO
Columbia University	Private (Non-profit)	New York	NY
Cornell University	Private (Non-profit)	Ithaca	NY
Dartmouth College	Private (Non-profit)	Hanover	NH
Drexel University	Private (Non-profit)	Philadelphia	PA
Duke University	Private (Non-profit)	Durham	NC
Emory University	Private (Non-profit)	Atlanta	GA
Florida International University	Public	Miami	FL
Florida State University	Public	Tallahassee	FL
George Mason University	Public	Fairfax	VA
George Washington University	Private (Non-profit)	Washington	DC
Georgetown University	Private (Non-profit)	Washington	DC
Georgia Institute of Technology	Public	Atlanta	GA
Georgia State University	Public	Atlanta	GA
Graduate Center, CUNY	Public	New York	NY
Harvard University	Private (Non-profit)	Cambridge	MA
Indiana University Bloomington	Public	Bloomington	IN
Iowa State University	Public	Ames	IA
Johns Hopkins University	Private (Non-profit)	Baltimore	MD
Kansas State University	Public	Manhattan	KS
Kent State University	Public	Kent	OH
Louisiana State University	Public	Baton Rouge	LA
Massachusetts Institute of Technology	Private (Non-profit)	Cambridge	MA
Michigan State University	Public	East Lansing	MI
Mississippi State University	Public	Mississippi State	MS
Montana State University	Public	Bozeman	MT
New York University	Private (Non-profit)	New York	NY
North Carolina State University	Public	Raleigh	NC
North Dakota State University	Public	Fargo	ND
Northeastern University	Private (Non-profit)	Boston	MA
Northwestern University	Private (Non-profit)	Evanston	IL
Ohio State University	Public	Columbus	OH
Oklahoma State University–Stillwater	Public	Stillwater	OK
Old Dominion University	Public	Norfolk	VA
Oregon State University	Public	Corvallis	OR
Pennsylvania State University	Public	University Park	PA
Princeton University	Private (Non-profit)	Princeton	NJ
Purdue University	Public	West Lafayette	IN
Rice University	Private (Non-profit)	Houston	TX
Rutgers University–New Brunswick	Public	New Brunswick	NJ
Stanford University	Private (Non-profit)	Stanford	CA
Stony Brook University	Public	Stony Brook	NY
Syracuse University	Private (Non-profit)	Syracuse	NY
Temple University	Public	Philadelphia	PA
Texas A&M University	Public	College Station	TX
Texas Tech University	Public	Lubbock	TX
Tufts University	Private (Non-profit)	Medford	MA
Tulane University	Private (Non-profit)	New Orleans	LA
University at Albany, SUNY	Public	Albany	NY
University at Buffalo	Public	Buffalo	NY
University of Alabama	Public	Tuscaloosa	AL
University of Alabama at Birmingham	Public	Birmingham	AL
University of Arizona	Public	Tucson	AZ
University of Arkansas	Public	Fayetteville	AR
University of California, Berkeley	Public	Berkeley	CA
University of California, Davis	Public	Davis	CA
University of California, Irvine	Public	Irvine	CA
University of California, Los Angeles	Public	Los Angeles	CA
University of California, Riverside	Public	Riverside	CA
University of California, San Diego	Public	San Diego	CA
University of California, Santa Barbara	Public	Santa Barbara	CA
University of California, Santa Cruz	Public	Santa Cruz	CA
University of Central Florida	Public	Orlando	FL
University of Chicago	Private (Non-profit)	Chicago	IL
University of Cincinnati	Public	Cincinnati	OH
University of Colorado Boulder	Public	Boulder	CO
University of Colorado Denver	Public	Denver	CO
University of Connecticut	Public	Storrs	CT
University of Delaware	Public	Newark	DE
University of Denver	Private (Non-profit)	Denver	CO
University of Florida	Public	Gainesville	FL
University of Georgia	Public	Athens	GA
University of Hawaii at Manoa	Public	Honolulu	HI
University of Houston	Public	Houston	TX
University of Illinois Chicago	Public	Chicago	IL
University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign	Public	Champaign	IL
University of Iowa	Public	Iowa City	IA
University of Kansas	Public	Lawrence	KS
University of Kentucky	Public	Lexington	KY
University of Louisiana at Lafayette	Public	Lafayette	LA
University of Louisville	Public	Louisville	KY
University of Maryland, College Park	Public	College Park	MD
University of Massachusetts Amherst	Public	Amherst	MA
University of Memphis	Public	Memphis	TN
University of Miami	Private (Non-profit)	Coral Gables	FL
University of Michigan	Public	Ann Arbor	MI
University of Minnesota	Public	Minneapolis	MN
University of Mississippi	Public	Oxford	MS
University of Missouri	Public	Columbia	MO
University of Nebraska–Lincoln	Public	Lincoln	NE
University of Nevada, Las Vegas	Public	Las Vegas	NV
University of Nevada, Reno	Public	Reno	NV
University of New Hampshire	Public	Durham	NH
University of New Mexico	Public	Albuquerque	NM
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill	Public	Chapel Hill	NC
University of North Texas	Public	Denton	TX
University of Notre Dame	Private (Non-profit)	Notre Dame	IN
University of Oklahoma	Public	Norman	OK
University of Oregon	Public	Eugene	OR
University of Pennsylvania	Private (Non-profit)	Philadelphia	PA
University of Pittsburgh	Public	Pittsburgh	PA
University of Rochester	Private (Non-profit)	Rochester	NY
University of South Carolina	Public	Columbia	SC
University of South Florida	Public	Tampa	FL
University of Southern California	Private (Non-profit)	Los Angeles	CA
University of Southern Mississippi	Public	Hattiesburg	MS
University of Tennessee	Public	Knoxville	TN
University of Texas at Arlington	Public	Arlington	TX
University of Texas at Austin	Public	Austin	TX
University of Texas at Dallas	Public	Richardson	TX
University of Texas at El Paso	Public	El Paso	TX
University of Texas at San Antonio	Public	San Antonio	TX
University of Utah	Public	Salt Lake City	UT
University of Virginia	Public	Charlottesville	VA
University of Washington	Public	Seattle	WA
University of Wisconsin–Madison	Public	Madison	WI
University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee	Public	Milwaukee	WI
Utah State University	Public	Logan	UT
Vanderbilt University	Private (Non-profit)	Nashville	TN
Virginia Commonwealth University	Public	Richmond	VA
Virginia Tech	Public	Blacksburg	VA
Washington State University	Public	Pullman	WA
Washington University in St. Louis	Private (Non-profit)	Saint Louis	MO
Wayne State University	Public	Detroit	MI
West Virginia University	Public	Morgantown	WV
Yale University	Private (Non-profit)	New Haven	CT

Map of institutions[]

A map of all tier one research universities in the contiguous United States. The University of Hawaii at Manoa is the only R1 institution that is not pictured. Blue dots represent public institutions whereas red dots represent private institutions.

References[]

^ University of Washington. "Carnegie Research I Universities". Retrieved 2009-03-18.
^ David Weerts, State Governments and Research Universities: A Framework for a Renewed Partnership. New York: Routledge, 2002, p. 26.
^ ^a ^b Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching. "Carnegie Classifications FAQs". Archived from the original on 2013-04-14. Retrieved 2012-02-09.
^ Educause. "Appendix E: Carnegie Classification (2000) Definitions" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2009-03-27. Retrieved 2009-03-18.
^ ^a ^b ^c "Basic Classification Description". . 2019. Retrieved March 18, 2019.
^ "Doctoral Universities: Highest Research Activity". Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education. Retrieved 16 December 2021.
^ "Basic Classification Methodology". Carnegie Classifications. Retrieved 19 February 2018.

External links[]

The Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education

[1] University of Washington. "Carnegie Research I Universities". Retrieved 2009-03-18.

[2] David Weerts, State Governments and Research Universities: A Framework for a Renewed Partnership. New York: Routledge, 2002, p. 26.

[carnegie-3] Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching. "Carnegie Classifications FAQs". Archived from the original on 2013-04-14. Retrieved 2012-02-09.

[4] Educause. "Appendix E: Carnegie Classification (2000) Definitions" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2009-03-27. Retrieved 2009-03-18.

[2018_basic_description-5] "Basic Classification Description". . 2019. Retrieved March 18, 2019.

[6] "Doctoral Universities: Highest Research Activity". Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education. Retrieved 16 December 2021.

[BCM-7] "Basic Classification Methodology". Carnegie Classifications. Retrieved 19 February 2018.

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