RoboCup Standard Platform League

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rUNSWift in a four-legged league game from RoboCup 2006 in Bremen, Germany.
A Nao robot of the SPL team B-Human, RoboCup 2016 in Leipzig, Germany

The RoboCup Standard Platform League (SPL) is one of several leagues within RoboCup,[1] an international competition with autonomous robotic soccer matches as the main event.

Overview[]

In the Standard Platform League all teams use identical (i.e., standard) robots,[2] allowing the teams concentrate on software development rather than the mechanics of robots.[3] The robots operate fully autonomously; i.e., there is no remote control by either humans or computers during the games.

The League began as the Sony Four-Legged League in 1999 using the Sony AIBO. Initially a small number of teams were invited to join the league. In 2002, the league was opened and teams were allowed to apply through a qualification process. After Sony announced that it would discontinue production of the AIBO in 2006, the League searched for a new platform and decided on the Aldebaran Robotics humanoid NAO. In 2008, the League ran both AIBOs and Naos and was renamed the Standard Platform League. From 2009, only the Naos were used.

History[]

Summaries of previous World Championships[4][]

Year (Robot) Host Final Third Place Match Number of Teams
Winners Score Runners-up Third Place Score Fourth Place
1999
(AIBO) 		Stockholm - Sweden LRP
 France 		4-1 rUNSWift (UNSW Sydney)
 Australia 		CMPack
 United States
2000
(AIBO) 		Melbourne - Australia rUNSWift (UNSW Sydney)
 Australia 		10-0 LRP
 France 		CMPack
 United States
2001
(AIBO) 		Seattle - USA rUNSWift (UNSW Sydney)
 Australia 		9-2 CMPack
 United States
2002
(AIBO) 		Fukuoka/Busan - Japan/Korea CMPack
 United States 		3-3 (2-1) rUNSWift (UNSW Sydney)
 Australia 		NUbots
 Australia
2003
(AIBO) 		Padua - Italy rUNSWift (UNSW Sydney)
 Australia 		4-3 UPennalizers
 United States 		NUbots
 Australia 		4-1 CMPack
 United States
2004
(AIBO) 		Lisbon - Portugal GermanTeam
 Germany 		5-3 UTS Unleashed!
 Australia 		NUbots
 Australia 		5-4 UPennalizers
 United States 		23
2005
(AIBO) 		Osaka - Japan GermanTeam
 Germany 		4-3 (2-2) NUbots
 Australia 		rUNSWift (UNSW Sydney)
 Australia 		8-0 CMDash
 United States 		24
2006
(AIBO) 		Bremen - Germany NUbots
 Australia 		7-3 rUNSWift (UNSW Sydney)
 Australia 		Microsoft Hellhounds
 Germany 		6-0 GermanTeam
 Germany 		24
2007
(AIBO) 		Atlanta - USA Northern Bites
 United States 		5-1 NUbots
 Australia 		CMDash
 United States 		3-3 (6-5) WrightEagle
 China 		24
2008
(AIBO) 		Suzhou - China GermanTeam
 Germany 		5-0 UTS-USTC WrightEagle Unleashed!
 China  Australia 		Northern Bites
 United States 		3-1 UT Austin Villa
 United States 		10
2008
(Nao) 		NUManoids
 Australia  Ireland 		1-0 (0-0) GTCMUnited
 United States 		Kouretes
 Greece 		1-0 (0-0) Humboldt
 Germany 		15
2009
(Nao) 		Graz - Austria B-Human,
 Germany 		5-0 Northern Bites
 United States 		Nao Devils Dortmund
 Germany 		4-1 UT Austin Villa
 United States 		24
2010
(Nao) 		Singapore B-Human,
 Germany 		6-1 rUNSWift (UNSW Sydney)
 Australia 		UT Austin Villa
 United States 		5-1 CMurfs
 United States 		23
2011
(Nao) 		Istanbul - Turkey B-Human,
 Germany 		11-1 Nao Devils Dortmund
 Germany 		NTU Robot PAL
 Republic of China 		4-2 Nao-Team HTWK
 Germany 		27 [5]
2012
(Nao) 		Mexico City - Mexico UT Austin Villa
 United States 		4-2 B-Human,
 Germany 		rUNSWift (UNSW Sydney)
 Australia 		11-1 Nao-Team HTWK
 Germany 		25 [6]
2013
(Nao) 		Eindhoven - The Netherlands B-Human,

 Germany

6-2 Nao-Team HTWK,  Germany UT Austin Villa  United States 4-0 rUNSWift (UNSW Sydney)
 Australia 		22 [7]
2014
(Nao) 		Joao Pessoa - Brazil rUNSWift (UNSW Sydney)
 Australia 		5-1 Nao-Team HTWK,  Germany B-Human,  Germany 7-0 UChile  Chile 20[8]
2015
(Nao) 		Hefei, China UNSW Sydney
 Australia 		3-1 B-Human,  Germany Nao-Team HTWK,  Germany 3-1 UChile  Chile 20[9]
2016
(Nao) 		Leipzig, Germany B-Human,  Germany 3-0 (0-0) UT Austin Villa
 United States 		Nao-Team HTWK,  Germany 4-1 UChile  Chile 24[10]
2017
(Nao) 		Nagoya, Japan B-Human,  Germany 2-1 Nao-Team HTWK,  Germany Nao Devils Dortmund  Germany 6-2 UT Austin Villa
 United States 		24[11]
2018
(Nao) 		Montreal, Canada Nao-Team HTWK,  Germany 1-0 B-Human,  Germany TJArk,  China 2-0 HULKs
 Germany 		21[12]
2019
(Nao) 		Sydney, Australia B-Human,  Germany 2-1 Nao-Team HTWK,  Germany rUNSWift (UNSW Sydney)
 Australia 		11-2 Nao Devils Dortmund
 Germany 		20[13]

Technical Challenges Results [4][]

Year (Robot) Host First Second Third
1999
(AIBO) 		Stockholm - Sweden rUNSWift  Australia
2000
(AIBO) 		Melbourne - Australia rUNSWift  Australia
2001
(AIBO) 		Seattle - USA rUNSWift  Australia
2002
(AIBO) 		Fukuoka/Busan Japan/Korea rUNSWift  Australia
2003
(AIBO) 		Padua - Italy rUNSWift  Australia
2004
(AIBO) 		Lisbon - Portugal UTS Unleashed!  Australia ARAIBO  Japan ASURA  Japan
2005
(AIBO) 		Osaka - Japan Cerberus  Turkey NUBots  Australia ARAIBO  Japan and

GermanTeam  Germany

2006
(AIBO) 		Bremen - Germany Microsoft Hellhounds  Germany ASURA  Japan Dutch AIBO Team  Netherlands
2007
(AIBO) 		Atlanta - USA GermanTeam  Germany Jolly Pochie  Japan UT Austin Villa  United States
2008
(AIBO) 		Suzhou - China
2008
(Nao)
2009
(Nao) 		Graz - Austria B-Human  Germany and
Nao-Team HTWK  Germany 		Nao Devils  Germany and
Nao Team Humboldt  Germany
2010
(Nao) 		Singapore rUNSWift  Australia UT Austin Villa  United States CMurfs  United States
2011
(Nao) 		Istanbul - Turkey RoboEireann  Ireland Noxious-Kouretes  United Kingdom and  Greece rUNSWift  Australia
2012
(Nao) 		Mexico City - Mexico Nao Team Humboldt  Germany rUNSWift  Australia B-Human  Germany
2013
(Nao) 		Eindhoven - The Netherlands B-Human  Germany Nao-Team HTWK  Germany Nao Devils Dortmund  Germany and
rUNSWift  Australia
2014
(Nao) 		Joao Pessoa - Brazil B-Human  Germany Austrian Kangaroos  Austria HULKs  Germany
2015
(Nao) 		Hefei, China B-Human  Germany Nao Devils  Germany WrightOcean  China
2016
(Nao) 		Leipzig, Germany Nao Devils  Germany HULKs  Germany B-Human  Germany

Drop-In Competition Results [4][]

Year Host First Second Third
2014 Joao Pessoa - Brazil B-Human  Germany Nao-Team HTWK  Germany Nao Devils Dortmund  Germany
2015 Hefei, China Nao-Team HTWK  Germany B-Human  Germany Nao Devils Dortmund  Germany
2016 Leipzig, Germany B-Human  Germany Nao-Team HTWK  Germany UT Austin Villa  United States

League Photos[]

2014[]

2014 Robocup SPL League photo.jpg
A group photo of all teams participating in RoboCup SPL 2014

2013[]

All SPL Teams - 2013.jpg
A group photo of all teams participating in RoboCup SPL 2013
Teams and robots - 2013.jpg
Robots on display for the Queen of The Netherlands at RoboCup 2013

2012[]

All SPL Teams - 2012.jpg
A group photo of all teams participating in RoboCup SPL 2012

2011[]

All SPL Teams - 2011.jpg
A group photo of all teams participating in RoboCup SPL 2011

2010[]

All SPL Teams - 2010.jpg
A group photo of all teams participating in RoboCup SPL 2010

2009[]

All SPL Teams - 2009.jpg
A group photo of all teams participating in RoboCup SPL 2009

Founders of the League[14][]

  • Hiroaki Kitano, RoboCup Federation
  • Manuela Veloso, Carnegie Mellon University, USA
  • Masahiro Fujita, Sony Corporation, Japan
  • , Osaka University, Japan
  • Dominique Duhaut, Université de Bretagne Sud, France

Rules[]

Year Robots Team size Field Size Walls Beacons Ball Goals Lighting
1999 AIBO ERS-110 3 180cm × 280cm Yes 6 Orange Blue & Yellow Even & Bright
2000 AIBO ERS-110 3 180cm × 280cm Yes 6 Orange Blue & Yellow Even & Bright
2001 AIBO ERS-210 3 180cm × 280cm Yes 6 Orange Blue & Yellow Even & Bright
2002 AIBO ERS-210 4 270cm × 420cm Yes 6 Orange Blue & Yellow Even & Bright
2003 AIBO ERS-210A SuperCore 4 270cm × 420cm Yes 6 Orange Blue & Yellow Even & Bright
2004 AIBO ERS-7 4 270cm × 420cm Yes 4 Orange Blue & Yellow Even & Bright
2005 AIBO ERS-7 4 400cm x 600cm No 4 Orange Blue & Yellow Even & Bright
2006 AIBO ERS-7 4 400cm x 600cm No 4 Orange Blue & Yellow Even & Bright
2007 AIBO ERS-7 4 400cm x 600cm No 4 Orange Blue & Yellow Even & Bright
2008 AIBO ERS-7 5 400cm x 600cm No 2 Orange Blue & Yellow Even & Bright
2008 NAO V2 2 440cm x 680cm No 0 Orange Blue & Yellow Even & Bright
2009 NAO V3 3 540cm x 740cm No 0 Orange Blue & Yellow Even & Bright
2010 NAO V3 Plus 3 540cm x 740cm No 0 Orange Blue & Yellow Even & Bright
2011 Nao V3.3 4 540cm x 740cm No 0 Orange Blue & Yellow Even & Bright
2012 Nao 4 4 540cm x 740cm No 0 Orange Yellow Even & Bright
2013 Nao 4 5 600cm x 900cm No 0 Orange Yellow Even & Bright
2014 Nao 4 or Nao 5 5 + Coach 600cm x 900cm No 0 Orange Yellow Even & Bright
2015 Nao 4 or Nao 5 5 + Coach 600cm x 900cm No 0 Orange White Even & Bright
2016 Nao 4 or Nao 5 5 + Coach 600cm x 900cm No 0 Black and White White Even & Bright
2017 Nao 4 or Nao 5 5 + Coach 600cm x 900cm No 0 Black and White White Natural elements
2018 Nao 4 or Nao 5 5 600cm x 900cm No 0 Black and White White Natural elements
2019 Nao 6 or earlier 5 600cm x 900cm No 0 Black and White White Natural elements

Robots[]

1999-2008 Sony AIBO.[15]

2008–Present Aldebaran Robotics humanoid NAO robots.[16]

Technologies[]

Main article: Areas of robotics

Control of the robots relies on several areas of robotics, including [17]

  • Adaptive control
  • Artificial Intelligence
  • Learning
  • Classification and Clustering
  • Computational Neuroscience
  • Data Mining Techniques
  • Digital Control
  • Digital Image Processing
  • Dimension reduction
  • Evolutionary Computation
  • Kalman Filter, Extended Kalman Filter
  • Flexible Distribution functions
  • Feedback Control and Regulation
  • Manifold learning
  • Motor Control and
  • Neural Networks
  • Reinforcement Learning
  • Software Engineering
  • Support Vector Machines
  • Machine vision

See also[]

References[]

  1. ^ "RoboCup". RoboCup.org. Retrieved 2010-06-10.
  2. ^ "Standard Platform « RoboCup". Robocup.org. Retrieved 2010-06-10.
  3. ^ =http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=robocup-2010-world-cup-soccer
  4. ^ a b c d "Robocup - Standard Platform League". Tzi.de. Retrieved 2010-06-10.
  5. ^ "RoboCup Standard Platform League".
  6. ^ "RoboCup Standard Platform League".
  7. ^ "RoboCup Standard Platform League".
  8. ^ "RoboCup Standard Platform League".
  9. ^ "RoboCup Standard Platform League".
  10. ^ "RoboCup Standard Platform League".
  11. ^ "Qualification Decisions for the International SPL 2017 – RoboCup Standard Platform League".
  12. ^ "Standard Platform League Results 2018 – RoboCup Standard Platform League".
  13. ^ "Standard Platform League Results 2019 – RoboCup Standard Platform League".
  14. ^ "Robocup - Standard Platform League History". Tzi.de. Retrieved 2010-06-10.
  15. ^ "Sony AIBO Europe". Sony-europe.com. Retrieved 2010-06-10.
  16. ^ "Aldebaran Robotics, the creators of Nao". Aldebaran Robotics. Retrieved 2010-06-10.
  17. ^ http://robots.newcastle.edu.au/

External links[]


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