Page semi-protected

Sally Ride

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
For the song by Janelle Monáe, see The Electric Lady. For the song by Mack Rice, see Mustang Sally.

Sally Ride
Sally Ride (1984).jpg
Ride in 1984
Born
Sally Kristen Ride

(1951-05-26)May 26, 1951
Los Angeles, California, U.S.
DiedJuly 23, 2012(2012-07-23) (aged 61)
San Diego, California, U.S.
EducationStanford University (BA, BS, MS, PhD)
OccupationPhysicist
Spouse(s)
​
​
(m. 1982; div. 1987)​
Partner(s)Tam O'Shaughnessy (1985–2012; Ride's death)
Space career
NASA astronaut
Time in space
14d 07h 46m
Selection1978 NASA Group
MissionsSTS-7, STS-41-G
Mission insignia
Sts-7-patch.png STS-41-G patch.png
RetirementAugust 15, 1987

Sally Kristen Ride (May 26, 1951 – July 23, 2012) was an American astronaut and physicist. Born in Los Angeles, she joined NASA in 1978, and in 1983 became the first American woman in space. She was the third woman in space overall, after USSR cosmonauts Valentina Tereshkova (1963) and Svetlana Savitskaya (1982). Ride remains the youngest American astronaut to have traveled to space, having done so at the age of 32.[1][2] After flying twice on the Orbiter Challenger, she left NASA in 1987. Ride worked for two years at Stanford University's Center for International Security and Arms Control, then at the University of California, San Diego, primarily researching nonlinear optics and Thomson scattering. She served on the committees that investigated the Challenger and Columbia Space Shuttle disasters, the only person to participate in both.[3][4][5] Having been married to astronaut Steven Hawley during her spaceflight years and in a private, long-term relationship with former Women's Tennis Association player Tam O'Shaughnessy in her years after, she is the earliest space traveler to have been recognized as LGBT. Ride died of pancreatic cancer on July 23, 2012.[3]

Early life

The elder child of Dale Burdell Ride and Carol Joyce Ride (née Anderson), Ride was born in the Encino neighborhood of Los Angeles, California. She had one sibling, Karen "Bear" Ride, who is a Presbyterian minister. Both parents were elders in the Presbyterian Church. Ride's mother, who was of Norwegian descent, had worked as a volunteer counselor at a women's correctional facility.[6] Her father had been a political science professor at Santa Monica College.[3]

Ride attended Portola Junior High (now Portola Middle School) and then Birmingham High School before graduating from the private Westlake School for Girls in Los Angeles on a scholarship.[3] In addition to being interested in science, she was a nationally ranked tennis player, and took a break from college to pursue a professional tennis career.[7] Ride attended Swarthmore College for three semesters, took physics courses at University of California, Los Angeles, and then entered Stanford University as a junior, graduating with a bachelor's degree in English and physics. At Stanford, she earned a master's degree in 1975 and a PhD in physics in 1978 while doing research on the interaction of X-rays with the interstellar medium.[8] Astrophysics and free electron lasers were her specific areas of study.[9]

NASA career

Ride with Judith Resnik, Anna Lee Fisher, Kathryn D. Sullivan and Margaret Rhea Seddon c. July 31 – August 2, 1978

Selection

Main article: NASA Astronaut Group 8

Ride was selected to be an astronaut as part of NASA Astronaut Group 8, in 1978, the first class to select women. She applied after seeing an advertisement in the Stanford student newspaper, and was one of only 35 people selected out of the 8000 applications.[10] After graduating training in 1979, becoming eligible to work as a mission specialist she served as the ground-based capsule communicator (CapCom) for the second and third Space Shuttle flights, and helped develop the Space Shuttle's "Canadarm" robot arm.[11][12]

Prior to her first space flight, Ride was subject to media attention due to her gender. During a press conference, she was asked questions such as, "Will the flight affect your reproductive organs?" and "Do you weep when things go wrong on the job?" Despite this and the historical significance of the mission, Ride insisted that she saw herself in only one way—as an astronaut.[11]

STS-7

Ride on Space Shuttle Challenger's mid-deck during STS-7 in 1983
Main article: STS-7

On June 18, 1983, Ride became the first American woman in space as a crew member on Space Shuttle Challenger for STS-7. Many of the people attending the launch wore T-shirts bearing the words "Ride, Sally Ride", lyrics from Wilson Pickett's song "Mustang Sally".[3] The purpose of the mission was to deploy two communications satellites and the first Shuttle Pallet Satellite (SPAS-1), conduct experiments within the cargo bay, and test the TDRS satellite. SPAS-1 was successfully deployed, underwent experiments, then recollected and brought back to Earth.[13]

Part of Ride's job was to operate the robotics arm to deploy and retrieve SPAS-1.[8]

STS-41-G

Main article: STS-41-G

Ride's second space flight was STS-41-G in 1984, also on board Challenger. She spent a total of more than 343 hours in space.[14]

Cancelled Shuttle mission

Ride had completed eight months of training for her third flight (STS-61-M, a TDRS deployment mission) when the Space Shuttle Challenger disaster occurred.[15]

Rogers Commission

Ride was named to the Rogers Commission (the presidential commission investigating the Challenger disaster) and headed its subcommittee on operations. She was the only person to serve on both of the panels investigating Shuttle accidents (those for the Challenger accident and later the Columbia disaster). Following the Challenger investigation, Ride was assigned to NASA headquarters in Washington, D.C., where she led NASA's first strategic planning effort, authored a report titled "NASA Leadership and America's Future in Space" and founded NASA's Office of Exploration.[8] After Sally Ride's death in 2012, General Donald Kutyna revealed that she had discreetly provided him with key information about O-rings (namely, that they become stiff at low temperatures) that eventually led to identification of the cause of the explosion.[16]

After NASA

Sally Ride takes questions at the White House Astronomy Night (2009).
Ride at a book signing, c. 1999

In 1987, Ride left her position in Washington, D.C., to work at the Stanford University Center for International Security and Arms Control. In 1989, she became a professor of physics at the University of California, San Diego, and director of the California Space Institute. From the mid-1990s until her death, Ride led two public-outreach programs for NASA—the ISS EarthKAM and GRAIL MoonKAM projects, in cooperation with NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory and UCSD. The programs allowed middle school students to request images of the Earth[17] and Moon.[18] In 1999, she acted in the season 5 finale of Touched by an Angel, titled "Godspeed".[19] In 2003, she was asked to serve on the Columbia Accident Investigation Board. She was the president and CEO of Sally Ride Science, a company she co-founded in 2001 that creates entertaining science programs and publications for upper elementary and middle school students, with a particular focus on girls.[20][21]

According to Roger Boisjoly, who was one of the engineers that warned of the technical problems that led to the Challenger disaster, after the entire workforce of Morton-Thiokol shunned him, Ride was the only public figure to show support for him when he went public with his pre-disaster warnings. Sally Ride hugged him publicly to show her support for his efforts.[22]

Ride wrote or co-wrote seven books[23] on space aimed at children, with the goal of encouraging children to study science.[24][25]

Ride endorsed Barack Obama for U.S. president in 2008.[26][27] She was a member of the Review of United States Human Space Flight Plans Committee, an independent review requested by the Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) on May 7, 2009.[28]

Personal life and death

Ride was extremely private about her personal life. In 1982, she married fellow NASA astronaut Steven Hawley. They divorced in 1987.[29]

blue pin with white letters that read "Sally Ride Science"
Sally Ride Science pin, owned by Ride herself

After Ride's death, her obituary revealed that her partner of 27 years was Tam O'Shaughnessy, a professor emerita of school psychology at San Diego State University and childhood friend, who met her when both were aspiring tennis players.[30][31] O'Shaughnessy was also a science writer and, later, the co-founder of Sally Ride Science.[3] O'Shaughnessy served as the chief executive officer and chair of the Board of Sally Ride Science.[32] They wrote six acclaimed children's science books together.[23] Their relationship was revealed by the company and confirmed by her sister, who said she chose to keep her personal life private, including her sickness and treatments.[33] This made Ride the first lesbian astronaut.[34][35] and the first lesbian in outer space.[36][3]

Ride died on July 23, 2012, at the age of 61, in her home in La Jolla, a neighborhood of San Diego, California,[37] seventeen months after being diagnosed with pancreatic cancer.[3][38][39][40] Following cremation, her ashes were interred next to her father[41] at Woodlawn Memorial Cemetery, Santa Monica.

Awards and honors

Ride received numerous awards throughout her lifetime and after. She received the National Space Society's von Braun Award, the Lindbergh Eagle, and the NCAA's Theodore Roosevelt Award. She was inducted into the National Women's Hall of Fame and the Astronaut Hall of Fame and was awarded the NASA Space Flight Medal twice. Two elementary schools in the United States are named after her: Sally Ride Elementary School in The Woodlands, Texas, and Sally Ride Elementary School in Germantown, Maryland.[8]

In 1984, Ride received the Samuel S. Beard Award for Greatest Public Service by an Individual 35 Years or Under, an award given out annually by Jefferson Awards.[42]

On December 6, 2006, California Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger and First Lady Maria Shriver inducted Ride into the California Hall of Fame at the California Museum for History, Women, and the Arts.[43]

In 2007, Ride was inducted into the National Aviation Hall of Fame in Dayton, Ohio.[44]

Ride directed public outreach and educational programs for NASA's GRAIL mission, which sent twin satellites to map the moon's gravity. On December 17, 2012, the two GRAIL probes, Ebb and Flow, were directed to complete their mission by crashing on an unnamed lunar mountain near the crater Goldschmidt. NASA announced that it was naming the landing site in honor of Sally Ride.[45][46] Also in December 2012, the Space Foundation bestowed upon Ride its highest honor, the General James E. Hill Lifetime Space Achievement Award.[47]

In April 2013, the U.S. Navy announced that a research ship would be named in honor of Ride.[48] This was done in 2014 with the christening of the oceanographic research vessel RV Sally Ride (AGOR-28).[49]

On May 20, 2013, a "National Tribute to Sally Ride" was held at the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts in Washington, D.C. and on that same day, President Barack Obama announced that Ride would receive the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the highest civilian award in the United States. The medal was presented to her life partner Tam O'Shaughnessy in a ceremony at the White House on November 20, 2013.[50][51] In July 2013, Flying magazine ranked Ride at number 50 on their list of the "51 Heroes of Aviation".[52]

In 2014, Ride was inducted into the Legacy Walk, an outdoor public display in Chicago that celebrates LGBT history and people.[53][54]

In 2017, a Google Doodle honored her on International Women's Day.[55]

The U.S. Postal Service issued a first-class postage stamp honoring Ride in 2018.[56]

In 2019, Stanford University’s Serra House located in Lucie Stern Hall was renamed the Sally Ride House.[57]

For their first match of March 2019, the women of the United States women's national soccer team each wore a jersey with the name of a woman they were honoring on the back; Tierna Davidson chose the name of Sally Ride.[58]

Ride will appear as one of the first two honorees of the American Women quarters series in 2022.[59]

In popular culture

When she became the first American woman in space on the Space Shuttle Challenger, many in the crowd attending the launch wore T-shirts printed, "Ride, Sally Ride", a play on the lyric of the 1965 song "Mustang Sally".[3]

Billy Joel's 1989 song "We Didn't Start the Fire" mentions her.[60]

In 1999, Ride appeared as herself on the Touched By An Angel episode "Godspeed".[19]

In 2013, Janelle Monáe released a song called "Sally Ride".[61]

Also in 2013, astronauts Chris Hadfield and Catherine Coleman performed a song called "Ride On".[62] The song was later released as part of Hadfield's album Space Sessions: Songs from a Tin Can under the name Ride That Lightning.[63]

Ride's space flight is a central event in the 2016 novel Our Lady of the Inferno.[64]

In 2017, a "Women of NASA" LEGO set went on sale featuring (among other things) mini-figurines of Ride, Margaret Hamilton, Mae Jemison, and Nancy Grace Roman.[65]

In 2019, Mattel released a Barbie doll in Ride's likeness as part of their "Inspiring Women" series.[66]

In the film Valley Girl (2020), Ride is referred to not only as the first woman astronaut, but also as a valley girl, since she was from Encino.[67]

In 2021, Ride was featured in the second season of the Apple TV+ streaming series For All Mankind, where she was played by actress .[68]

Selected works

Essay
  • Ride, Sally, Single Room, Earth View (expository essay)
Books

See also

References

  1. ^ Kennedy Space Center External Relations and Business Development Directorate; Grinter, Kay (November 17, 2000). "Kennedy Space Center FAQ". Science, Technology and Engineering. Merritt Island, Florida: NASA. Archived from the original on May 5, 2021. Retrieved July 23, 2012.
  2. ^ "10 fascinating things about Astronaut Sally Ride you must know". Biharprabha News. State of Bihar. May 26, 2015. Archived from the original on May 5, 2021. Retrieved May 26, 2015.
  3. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i Grady, Denise (July 23, 2012). "American Woman Who Shattered Space Ceiling". The New York Times. Archived from the original on May 5, 2021. Retrieved May 5, 2021.
  4. ^ Rogers, William P.; Armstrong, Neil A.; Acheson, David C.; Covert, Eugene E.; Feynman, Richard P.; Hotz, Robert B.; Kutyna, Donald J.; Ride, Sally K.; Rummel, Robert W.; Sutter, Joseph F.; Walker, Arthur B.C., Jr.; Wheelon, Albert D.; Yeager, Charles E. (June 6, 1986). Report of the Presidential Commission on the Space Shuttle Challenger Accident, Volume 1 (PDF). Washington, D.C.: Presidential Commission on the Space Shuttle Challenger Accident. p. 5. Archived (PDF) from the original on May 5, 2021. Retrieved May 5, 2021.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  5. ^ Gehman, Harold W., Jr.; Barry, John L.; Deal, Duane W.; Hallock, James N., Ph.D.; Hess, Kenneth W.; Hubbard, G. Scott; Logsdon, John M., Ph.D.; Ohseroff, Douglas D., Ph.D.; Ride, Sally K., Ph.D.; Tetrault, Roger E.; Turcotte, Stephen A.; Wallace, Steven B; Widnall, Sheila E., Ph.D. (August 2003). Columbia Accident Investigation Board Report, Volume 1 (PDF). Arlington County, Virginia: Columbia Accident Investigation Board. p. 7. Archived (PDF) from the original on May 5, 2021. Retrieved May 5, 2021.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  6. ^ Boyle, Alan (July 25, 2012). "Why Sally Ride waited until her death to tell the world she was gay". Cosmic Log. NBC News. Archived from the original on May 5, 2021. Retrieved May 5, 2021.
  7. ^ Stine, Megan (2013). Who Was Sally Ride?. New York City: Grosset & Dunlap. pp. 11–18. ISBN 9780698151307.
  8. ^ Jump up to: a b c d Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center (July 2012). "Sally K. Ride" (PDF). Biographical Data. Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived (PDF) from the original on May 5, 2021. Retrieved May 5, 2021.
  9. ^ Knapp, Alex (July 23, 2012). "Sally Ride, First American Woman In Space, Dead At 61". Forbes. Jersey City, New Jersey. Archived from the original on May 5, 2021. Retrieved July 23, 2012.
  10. ^ Dejoie, Joyce; Truelove, Elizabeth. "Dr. Sally Ride". Starchild. Greenbelt, Maryland: NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center. Archived from the original on May 5, 2021. Retrieved May 11, 2015.
  11. ^ Jump up to: a b Ryan, Michael (June 20, 1983). "A Ride in Space". People. Johnson Space Center. Archived from the original on May 5, 2021. Retrieved April 13, 2014.
  12. ^ Planetary Science Communications. "Sally Ride (1951-2012)". Solar System Exploration. La Cañada Flintridge, California. Archived from the original on May 5, 2021. Retrieved November 22, 2019.
  13. ^ Abrahamson, James A. (August 5, 1983). "Space Transportation System Mission STS-7" (PDF). NTRS - NASA Technical Reports Server. NASA. Archived (PDF) from the original on May 5, 2021. Retrieved May 5, 2021.
  14. ^ Moskowitz, Clara (July 23, 2012). "Sally Ride, 1st American Woman in Space, Dies at 61". Space.com. New York City: Future plc. Archived from the original on May 5, 2021. Retrieved May 5, 2021.
  15. ^ Williams, Patti (2016). "Sally K. Ride Papers". Smithsonian Online Virtual Archives. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution. Archived from the original on May 5, 2021. Retrieved May 5, 2021.
  16. ^ Dean, Margaret Lazarus (January 28, 2016). "The Oral History of the Space Shuttle Challenger Disaster". Popular Mechanics. Archived from the original on May 5, 2021. Retrieved February 2, 2016.
  17. ^ Sally Ride Science (2012). "About EarthKAM". Sally Ride EarthKAM. University of California, San Diego. Archived from the original on July 29, 2012. Retrieved July 24, 2012.
  18. ^ Sally Ride Science (2012). "About GRAIL MoonKAM". GRAIL MoonKAM. University of California, San Diego. Archived from the original on August 1, 2012. Retrieved July 24, 2012.
  19. ^ Jump up to: a b "Touched by an Angel (1994–2003): Godspeed". IMDb. Amazon.com, Inc. Archived from the original on May 5, 2021. Retrieved October 8, 2019.
  20. ^ Majors, Dan (September 26, 2007). "Sally Ride touts science careers for women". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. Archived from the original on May 5, 2021. Retrieved October 7, 2007.
  21. ^ Busby, Guy (January 14, 2019). "Sally Ride program blasts kids into science". AL.com - Alabama. Mobile, Alabama. Archived from the original on May 5, 2021. Retrieved May 5, 2021.
  22. ^ Martin, Douglas (February 3, 2012). "Roger Boisjoly, 73, Dies; Warned of Shuttle Danger". The New York Times. Archived from the original on May 5, 2021. Retrieved May 11, 2015.
  23. ^ Jump up to: a b "Books". Sally Ride Science. Archived from the original on December 16, 2013. Retrieved December 26, 2012. Mission: Planet Earth is two books, making the total five.
  24. ^ "Sally Ride Science Brings Cutting-Edge Science to the Classroom with New Content Rich Classroom Sets" (Press release). Sally Ride Science. September 27, 2007. Archived from the original on October 10, 2007. Retrieved October 7, 2007.
  25. ^ Heinrichs, Allison M. (September 26, 2007). "Sally Ride encourages girls to engineer careers". TribLive.com. Pittsburgh Tribune-Review. Archived from the original on April 16, 2009. Retrieved October 7, 2007.
  26. ^ Foust, Jeff (October 29, 2008). "Sally Ride endorses Obama". Space Politics. Archived from the original on May 5, 2021. Retrieved June 27, 2010.
  27. ^ Ride, Sally (October 29, 2008). "Inspired kids will reach for stars under Obama". Orlando Sentinel. Archived from the original on October 23, 2020. Retrieved May 11, 2015.
  28. ^ One Hundred Eleventh Congress (September 15, 2009). "Hearing 111-51: Options and Issues for Nasa's Human Space Flight Program: Report of the "Review of U.S. Human Spaceflight Plans" Committee" (PDF). govinfo. United States Capitol: United States Government Publishing Office. Archived (PDF) from the original on May 6, 2021. Retrieved May 6, 2021.
  29. ^ Garcia, Guy D.; Thigpen, David E. (June 8, 1987). "People: Jun. 8, 1987". TIME. New York City. Archived from the original on May 5, 2021. Retrieved July 27, 2012.
  30. ^ "Sally Ride, First American Woman In Space, Revealed To Have Female Partner Of 27 Years". HuffPost. New York City: BuzzFeed. July 23, 2012. Archived from the original on May 5, 2021. Retrieved July 27, 2012.
  31. ^ "Team". Sally Ride Science @ UC San Diego. University of California, San Diego. 2018. Archived from the original on May 5, 2021. Retrieved December 11, 2016.
  32. ^ Abdill, Rich (July 23, 2012). "Sally Ride Revealed to Be Gay: Her Sister, on Ride's Life, Death, and Desires for Privacy". New Times Broward-Palm Beach. Archived from the original on May 5, 2021. Retrieved July 27, 2012.
  33. ^ "Sally Ride Was Also A Lesbian". Business Insider Australia. July 25, 2012. Archived from the original on May 5, 2021. Retrieved October 29, 2020.
  34. ^ Moskowitz, Clara (June 1, 2014). "The Real Sally Ride: Astronaut, Science Champion and Lesbian". Scientific American. Springer Nature. Archived from the original on May 5, 2021. Retrieved October 29, 2020.
  35. ^ Sherr, Lynn (2014). Sally Ride: America's First Woman in Space. New York: Simon & Schuster. ISBN 9781476725789.
  36. ^ Steussy, Lauren (July 23, 2012). "Former Astronaut Sally Ride Dies in La Jolla". NBC News. San Diego, California. Archived from the original on May 5, 2021. Retrieved December 28, 2016.
  37. ^ "Sally Ride, the first US woman in space, dies aged 61". BBC News. BBC. July 23, 2012. Archived from the original on May 6, 2021. Retrieved July 24, 2012.
  38. ^ CNN (December 11, 2012). "Sally Ride, first American woman in space, dies". CNN. Archived from the original on May 6, 2021. Retrieved May 6, 2021.
  39. ^ Harwood, William (July 23, 2012). "Sally Ride, first American woman in space, dies at 61". CNET. CBS Corporation. Archived from the original on May 6, 2021. Retrieved July 23, 2012.
  40. ^ Islas, Jason (August 8, 2008). "Barrier-Breaking Astronaut Interred at Santa Monica's Woodlawn Cemetery". Santa Monica Lookout. Archived from the original on February 3, 2013. Retrieved December 5, 2013.
  41. ^ "Medal, Jefferson Award, American Institute of Public Service". National Air and Space Museum. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution. Archived from the original on May 6, 2021. Retrieved May 6, 2021.
  42. ^ "Sally Ride". California Hall of Fame. The California Museum. Archived from the original on May 6, 2021. Retrieved May 6, 2021.
  43. ^ "Ride, Sally Kristen". National Aviation Hall of Fame. Dayton, Ohio. 2007. Archived from the original on May 6, 2021. Retrieved May 6, 2021.
  44. ^ Brown, Dwayne; Agle, D.C.; McDonnell, Sarah (December 17, 2012). "12-438: NASA's Grail Lunar Impact Site Named for Astronaut Sally Ride". News Releases. NASA. Archived from the original on May 6, 2021. Retrieved December 19, 2012.
  45. ^ Wall, Mike (December 17, 2012). "Moon Probes' Crash Site Named After Sally Ride". Space.com. Future plc. Archived from the original on May 6, 2021. Retrieved December 5, 2013.
  46. ^ "Neil Armstrong and Sally Ride Are 2013 General James E. Hill Lifetime Space Achievement Award Honorees" (Press release). Colorado Springs, Colorado: Space Foundation. December 10, 2012. Archived from the original on May 6, 2021. Retrieved December 5, 2013.
  47. ^ Clark, Cindy (April 16, 2013). "Navy Names New Scripps Research Vessel to Honor Legacy of Space Explorer Sally Ride" (Press release). University of California, San Diego. Archived from the original on May 6, 2021. Retrieved May 11, 2015.
  48. ^ "Navy christens new research ship for Sally Ride, first US woman in space". collectSPACE. August 10, 2014. Archived from the original on May 6, 2021. Retrieved November 29, 2014.
  49. ^ Fox, Steve (November 20, 2013). "President Obama Awards Presidential Medal of Freedom to Sally Ride". NASA News. NASA. Archived from the original on May 6, 2021. Retrieved September 24, 2016.
  50. ^ Office of the Press Secretary (May 20, 2013). "President Obama Announces Sally Ride as a Recipient of the Presidential Medal of Freedom". The White House. Washington, D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration. Archived from the original on May 6, 2021. Retrieved May 6, 2021.
  51. ^ Goyer, Isabel (July 24, 2013). "51 Heroes & Heroines of Aviation". FLYING. Winter Park, Florida: Bonnier Corporation. Archived from the original on May 6, 2021. Retrieved November 29, 2014.
  52. ^ Pratt, Gregory (October 11, 2014). "Legacy Walk honors LGBT 'guardian angels'". Chicago Tribune. Archived from the original on May 6, 2021. Retrieved October 13, 2014.
  53. ^ Reynolds, Daniel (October 11, 2014). "PHOTOS: 7 LGBT Heroes Honored With Plaques in Chicago's Legacy Walk". The Advocate. Archived from the original on May 6, 2021. Retrieved October 13, 2014.
  54. ^ "International Women's Day 2017". Google Doodle. March 8, 2017. Archived from the original on May 6, 2021. Retrieved March 8, 2017.
  55. ^ Smith, Marcia (May 23, 2018). "Today's Tidbits: May 23, 2018". SpacePolicyOnline.com. Archived from the original on May 6, 2021. Retrieved May 24, 2018.
  56. ^ Green, Jason (March 1, 2019). "Stanford renames buildings for Sally Ride, Carolyn Attneave". The Mercury News. San Jose, California: Digital First Media. Archived from the original on May 6, 2021. Retrieved March 2, 2019.
  57. ^ Ennis, Dawn (March 4, 2019). "Lesbian icons honored with jerseys worn by USWNT". Outsports. Vox Media. Archived from the original on May 6, 2021. Retrieved March 4, 2019.
  58. ^ "United States Mint Announces First Two Honorees in American Women Quarters Program". United States Mint. Washington, D.C. April 12, 2021. Archived from the original on May 6, 2021. Retrieved April 19, 2021.
  59. ^ Joel, Billy (October 17, 1989). "We Didn't Start The Fire". billyjoel.com. Sony Music. Archived from the original on May 6, 2021. Retrieved May 6, 2021.
  60. ^ Monáe, Janelle (September 6, 2013). "Sally Ride". Genius. Bad Boy Records. Archived from the original on May 6, 2021. Retrieved May 6, 2021.
  61. ^ Jaworski, Michelle (March 2, 2020). "8 reasons Chris Hadfield is the coolest astronaut on the Web". The Daily Dot. Austin, Texas. Archived from the original on May 6, 2021. Retrieved May 6, 2021.
  62. ^ Hudson, Alex (September 11, 2015). "Chris Hadfield - "Ride That Lightning" (lyric video)". Exclaim!. Toronto, Ontario. Archived from the original on May 6, 2021. Retrieved October 30, 2020.
  63. ^ Konopka, Matt (July 23, 2018). "An interview with Preston Fassel, author of "Our Lady of the Inferno" from Fangoria Presents!". Killer Horror Critic. Archived from the original on May 6, 2021. Retrieved December 14, 2018.
  64. ^ Mosher, Dave (November 3, 2017). "Lego's 'Women of NASA' toy set is finally on sale — and it's already Amazon's best-selling toy". Business Insider. Archived from the original on May 6, 2021. Retrieved May 6, 2021.
  65. ^ Caviness, Sarah (August 27, 2019). "Barbie launches new 'Inspiring Women' dolls honoring Rosa Parks, Sally Ride". WJLA 24/7 News. Retrieved August 27, 2019.
  66. ^ Rooney, Dave (May 8, 2020). "'Valley Girl': Film Review". The Hollywood Reporter. MRC. Archived from the original on May 6, 2021. Retrieved May 6, 2021. ...that incorporates a nod to Encino’s own Sally Ride...
  67. ^ Howell, Elizabeth (April 23, 2021). "'For All Mankind' sneak peek: Potential space shuttle battle looms in season 2 finale". Space.com. Future plc. Archived from the original on May 6, 2021. Retrieved May 6, 2021.

External links

Retrieved from ""