Seventy disciples

Seventy disciples
Icon of the Seventy Apostles
Disciples
Venerated in	Catholic Church Eastern Orthodoxy Oriental Orthodoxy Lutheran Church Anglican Church
Canonized	Pre-Congregation
Feast	4 January (Eastern Orthodoxy)
Attributes	Scroll Cross

The seventy disciples or seventy-two disciples (known in the Eastern Christian traditions as the seventy[-two] apostles) were early emissaries of Jesus mentioned in the Gospel of Luke.^[1] According to Luke, the only gospel in which they appear, Jesus appointed them and sent them out in pairs on a specific mission which is detailed in the text.

In Western Christianity, they are usually referred to as disciples,^[2] whereas in Eastern Christianity they are usually referred to as apostles.^[3] Using the original Greek words, both titles are descriptive, as an apostle is one sent on a mission (the Greek uses the verb form: apesteilen) whereas a disciple is a student, but the two traditions differ on the scope of the words apostle and disciple.

Text[]

The passage from Luke 10 reads (in Douay–Rheims Bible):

'And after these things the Lord appointed also other seventy-two: and he sent them two and two before his face into every city and place whither he himself was to come.

And he said to them: The harvest indeed is great, but the labourers are few. Pray ye therefore the Lord of the harvest, that he send labourers into his harvest.

Go: Behold I send you as lambs among wolves.

Carry neither purse, nor scrip, nor shoes; and salute no man by the way.

Into whatsoever house you enter, first say: Peace be to this house.

And if the son of peace be there, your peace shall rest upon him; but if not, it shall return to you.

And in the same house, remain, eating and drinking such things as they have: for the labourer is worthy of his hire. Remove not from house to house.

And into what city soever you enter, and they receive you, eat such things as are set before you.

And heal the sick that are therein, and say to them: The kingdom of God is come nigh unto you.

But into whatsoever city you enter, and they receive you not, going forth into the streets thereof, say:

Even the very dust of your city that cleaveth to us, we wipe off against you. Yet know this, that the kingdom of God is at hand.

I say to you, it shall be more tolerable at that day for Sodom, than for that city.

Woe to thee, Corozain, woe to thee, Bethsaida. For if in Tyre and Sidon had been wrought the mighty works that have been wrought in you, they would have done penance long ago, sitting in sackcloth and ashes.

But it shall be more tolerable for Tyre and Sidon at the judgement, than for you.

And thou, Capharnaum, which art exalted unto heaven, thou shalt be thrust down to hell.

He that heareth you, heareth me; and he that despiseth you, despiseth me; and he that despiseth me, despiseth him that sent me.

And the seventy-two returned with joy, saying: Lord, the devils also are subject to us in thy name.

And he said to them: I saw Satan like lightning falling from heaven.

Behold, I have given you power to tread upon serpents and scorpions, and upon all the power of the enemy: and nothing shall hurt you.

But yet rejoice not in this, that spirits are subject unto you; but rejoice in this, that your names are written in heaven.

In that same hour, he rejoiced in the Holy Ghost, and said: I confess to thee, O Father, Lord of heaven and earth, because thou hast hidden these things from the wise and prudent, and hast revealed them to little ones. Yea, Father, for so it hath seemed good in thy sight.'^[4]

Analysis[]

This is the only mention of the group in the Bible. The number is seventy in some manuscripts of the Alexandrian (such as Codex Sinaiticus) and Caesarean text traditions but seventy-two in most other Alexandrian and Western texts. It may derive from the seventy nations of Genesis 10 or the many other occurrences of the number seventy in the Bible, or the seventy-two translators of the Septuagint from the Letter of Aristeas.^[5] In translating the Vulgate, Jerome selected the reading of seventy-two.

The Gospel of Luke is not alone among the synoptic gospels in containing multiple episodes in which Jesus sends out his followers on missions. The first occasion (Luke 9:1–6) is closely based on the "limited commission" mission in Mark Mark 6:6–13, which however recounts the sending out of the twelve apostles, rather than seventy, though with similar details. The parallels (also Matthew Matthew 9:35, Matthew 10:1, Matthew 10:5–42) suggest a common origin in the hypothesized Q document. Luke also mentions the Great Commission to "all nations" (Luke 24:44–49) but in less detail than Matthew's account and Mark 16:19–20 mentions the Dispersion of the Apostles.

What has been said to the seventy (two) in Luke 10:4 is referred in passing to the Twelve in Luke 22:35:

He said to them, "When I sent you forth without a money bag or a sack or sandals, were you in need of anything?" "No, nothing," they replied.

Feast days[]

Erastus, Olympus, Rhodion, Sosipater, Quartus and Tertius

Stachys, Amplias, Urban

Patrobulus, Hermas, Linus, Caius, Philologus

Sosthenes, Apollo, Cephas, Tychicus, Epaphroditus, Cæsar and Onesiphorus

The feast day commemorating the seventy is known as the "Synaxis of the Seventy Apostles" in Eastern Orthodoxy, and is celebrated on January 4. Each of the seventy apostles also has individual commemorations scattered throughout the liturgical year (see Eastern Orthodox Church calendar).

The record by Pseudo-Hippolytus[]

Hippolytus of Rome was a disciple of Irenaeus, a disciple of Polycarp, a disciple of Apostle John. Hippolytus's works were considered lost prior to their discovery at a monastery on Mount Athos in 1854.^[6] While his major work The Refutation of All Heresies was readily accepted (once the false attribution to Origen was resolved), his two small works, On the Twelve Apostles of Christ and On the Seventy Apostles of Christ, are still regarded as dubious, put in the appendix of his works in the voluminous collection of the writings of early church fathers.^[7] Here is the complete text of Pseudo-Hippolytus's On the Seventy Apostles of Christ:

1. James the Lord's brother, bishop of Jerusalem
2. Cleopas, bishop of Jerusalem
3. Matthias, who supplied the vacant place in the number of the twelve apostles
4. Thaddeus, who conveyed the epistle to Augarus (Abgar V)
5. Ananias, who baptized Paul, and was bishop of Damascus
6. Stephen, the first martyr
7. Philip, who baptized the Ethiopian eunuch
8. Prochorus, bishop of Nicomedia, who also was the first that departed, 11 believing together with his daughters
9. Nicanor died when Stephen was martyred
10. Timon, bishop of Bostra
11. Parmenas, bishop of Soli.^[a]
12. Nicolaus, bishop of Samaria
13. Barnabas, bishop of Milan
14. Mark the Evangelist, bishop of Alexandria
15. Luke the Evangelist

These two belonged to the seventy disciples who were scattered by the offence of the word which Christ spoke, "Except a man eat my flesh, and drink my blood, he is not worthy of me." But the one being induced to return to the Lord by Peter's instrumentality, and the other by Paul's, they were honored to preach that Gospel on account of which they also suffered martyrdom, the one being burned, and the other being crucified on an olive tree.

16. Silas, bishop of Corinth
17. Silvanus, bishop of Thessalonica
18. Crisces (Crescens), bishop of Carchedon in Gaul
19. Epænetus, bishop of Carthage
20. Andronicus, bishop of Pannonia
21. Amplias, bishop of
22. Urban, bishop of Macedonia
23. Stachys, bishop of Byzantium
24. Barnabas, bishop of Heraclea
25. Phygellus, bishop of Ephesus. He was of the party also of Simon
26. Hermogenes. He, too, was of the same mind with the former
27. Demas, who also became a priest of idols
28. Apelles, bishop of Smyrna
29. Aristobulus, bishop of Britain
30. Narcissus, bishop of Athens
31. Herodion, bishop of Tarsus
32. Agabus the prophet
33. Rufus, bishop of Thebes
34. Asyncritus, bishop of Hyrcania
35. Phlegon, bishop of Marathon
36. Hermes, bishop of Dalmatia
37. Patrobulus, bishop of Puteoli
38. Hermas, bishop of Philippopolis (Thrace)
39. Linus, bishop of Rome
40. Caius, bishop of Ephesus
41. Philologus, bishop of Sinope
42. and 43. Olympus and Rhodion were martyred in Rome

44. Lucius, bishop of Laodicea in Syria
45. Jason, bishop of Tarsus
46. Sosipater, bishop of Iconium
47. Tertius, bishop of Iconium
48. Erastus, bishop of
49. Quartus, bishop of Berytus
50. Apollos, bishop of Cæsarea
51. Cephas
52. Sosthenes, bishop of Colophonia
53. Tychicus, bishop of Colophonia
54. Epaphroditus, bishop of Andriace
55. Cæsar, bishop of Dyrrachium
56. Mark, cousin to Barnabas, bishop of Apollonia
57. Justus, bishop of Eleutheropolis
58. Artemas, bishop of Lystra
59. Clement, bishop of Sardinia
60. Onesiphorus, bishop of Corone
61. Tychicus, bishop of Chalcedon
62. Carpus, bishop of Berytus in Thrace
63. Evodus, bishop of Antioch
64. Aristarchus, bishop of Apamea
65. Mark, who is also John, bishop of Bibloupolis
66. Zenas, bishop of Diospolis
67. Philemon, bishop of Gaza
68. Aristarchus
69. Pudes
70. Trophimus, who was martyred along with Paul

The first list and other lists[]

Many of the names included among the seventy are recognizable for their other achievements. The names included in various lists differ slightly. In the lists, Luke is also one of these seventy himself. The following list gives a widely accepted^[who?] canon.^{[citation needed]} Their names are listed below:

1. James "the Lord's brother" (James the Just), author of the Epistle of James, and first Bishop of Jerusalem. Matthew 13:55; Mark 6:3, Acts 12:17, Acts 15:13; Epistle of James
2. Agabus the Prophet Reference to in Acts 11:28; Acts 21:10
3. Amplias. Reference to in Romans 16:8
4. Mark the Evangelist, author of the Gospel of Mark and Bishop of Alexandria
5. Luke the Evangelist, author of the Gospel of Luke
6. Cleopas
7. Simeon, son of Cleopas, 2nd Bishop of Jerusalem
8. Barnabas, companion of Paul
9. Justus, Bishop of Eleutheropolis
10. Thaddeus of Edessa (not the Apostle called Thaddeus), also known as Saint Addai
11. Ananias, Bishop of Damascus
12. Stephen, one of the Seven Deacons, the first martyr
13. Philip the Evangelist, one of the Seven Deacons, Bishop of Tralles in Asia Minor
14. Prochorus, one of the Seven Deacons, Bishop of Nicomedia in Bithynia
15. Nicanor the Deacon, one of the Seven Deacons
16. Timon, one of the Seven Deacons
17. Parmenas the Deacon, one of the Seven Deacons
18. Timothy, Bishop of Ephesus
19. Titus, Bishop of Crete
20. Philemon, Bishop of Gaza
21. Onesimus (Not the Onesimus mentioned in the Epistle to Philemon)
22. Epaphras, Bishop of Andriaca
23. Archippus
24. Silas, Bishop of Corinth
25. Silvanus
26. Crescens
27. Crispus, Bishop of Chalcedon in Galilee
28. Epenetus, Bishop of Carthage
29. Andronicus, Bishop of Pannonia
30. Stachys, Bishop of Byzantium
31. Amplias, Bishop of Odissa (Odessus)
32. Urban, Bishop of Macedonia
33. Narcissus, Bishop of Athens
34. Apelles, Bishop of Heraklion
35. Aristobulus, Bishop of Britain
36. Herodion, Bishop of Patras
37. Rufus, Bishop of Thebes
38. Asyncritus, Bishop of Hyrcania
39. Phlegon, Bishop of Marathon
40. Hermes, Bishop of Philippopolis
41. Parrobus, Bishop of Pottole
42. Hermas, Bishop of Dalmatia
43. Pope Linus, Bishop of Rome
44. Gaius, Bishop of Ephesus
45. Philologus, Bishop of Sinope
46. Lucius of Cyrene, Bishop of Laodicea in Syria
47. Jason, Bishop of Tarsus
48. Sosipater, Bishop of Iconium
49. Olympas
50. Tertius, transcriber of the Epistle to the Romans and Bishop of Iconium
51. Erastus, Bishop of Paneas
52. Quartus, Bishop of Berytus
53. Euodias, Bishop of Antioch
54. Onesiphorus, Bishop of Cyrene
55. Clement, Bishop of Sardis
56. Sosthenes, Bishop of Colophon
57. Apollos, Bishop of Caesarea
58. Tychicus, Bishop of Colophon
59. Epaphroditus
60. Carpus, Bishop of Beroea in Thrace
61. Quadratus
62. John Mark (commonly considered identical to Mark the Evangelist: see 4 above), bishop of Byblos^[8]
63. Zenas the Lawyer, Bishop of Diospolis
64. Aristarchus, Bishop of Apamea in Syria
65. Pudens
66. Trophimus
67. Mark, Bishop of Apollonia
68. Artemas, Bishop of Lystra
69. Aquila
70. Fortunatus
71. Achaicus 1 Corinthians 16:17
72. Tabitha, a woman disciple, whom Peter raised from the dead

Matthias, who would later replace Judas Iscariot as one of the twelve apostles, is also often numbered among the seventy, since John Mark is typically viewed as Mark the Evangelist.^[9]

Also, some lists name a few different disciples than the ones listed above. Other names commonly included are:^{[citation needed]}

• Another Stephen
• Rodion
• Cephas, Bishop of Iconium
• Caesar, Bishop of Dyrrhachium
• Another Mark, Bishop of Apollonias
• Another Tychicus, Bishop of Chalcedon in Bithynia

These are usually included at the expense of the aforementioned Timothy, Titus, Archippus, Crescens, Olympas, Epaphroditus, Quadratus, Aquila, Fortunatus, and/or Achaicus.

Bishop Solomon of Basra of the Church of the East in the 13th century offers the following list:^[8]

The names of the seventy:

1. James, the son of Joseph
2. Simon the son of Cleopas
3. Cleopas, his father
4. Joses
5. Simon
6. Judah
7. Barnabas
8. Manaeus (?)
9. Ananias, who baptised Paul
10. Cephas, who preached at Antioch
11. Joseph the senator
12. Nicodemus the archon
13. Nathaniel the chief scribe
14. Justus, that is Joseph, who is called Barshabbâ
15. Silas
16. Judah
17. John, surnamed Mark (John Mark)
18. Mnason, who received Paul
19. Manaël, the foster-brother of Herod
20. Simon called Niger
21. Jason, who is (mentioned) in the Acts (of the apostles)
22. Rufus
23. Alexander
24. Simon the Cyrenian, their father
25. Lucius the Cyrenian
26. Another Judah, who is mentioned in the Acts (of the apostles)
27. Judah, who is called Simon
28. Eurion (Orion) the splay-footed
29. Thôrus (?)
30. Thorîsus (?)
31. Zabdon
32. Zakron

A more concise and acknowledged^[who?] list^{[citation needed]} is below:

1. Archaicus. Reference to in 1 Corinthians 16:17
2. Agabus. Reference to in Acts 11:28; Acts 21:10
3. Amplias, appointed by St. Andrew as bishop of Lydda of Odyssopolis (Diospolis) in Judea. He died a martyr. Reference to in Romans 16:8
4. Ananias, who baptized St. Paul. He was the bishop of Damascus. He became a martyr by being stoned in Eleutheropolis. Reference to in Acts 9:10–17; Acts 22:12
5. Andronicus, bishop of Pannonia. Reference to in Romans 16:7
6. Apelles, bishop of Heraclea (in Trachis). Reference to in Romans 16:10
7. Apollos. He was a bishop of several places over time: Crete (though this is questioned), Corinth, Smyrna, and Caesarea. Reference to in Acts 18:24; Acts 19:1; 1 Corinthians 1:12; 1 Corinthians 3:4–22; 1 Corinthians 4:6; 1 Corinthians 16:12, Titus 3:13
8. Aquila. He was martyred. Reference to in Acts 18:2, Acts 18, Acts 26; Romans 16:3; 1 Corinthians 16:19; 2 Timothy 4:19
9. Archippus. Reference to in Colossians 4:17; Philemon 2
10. Aristarchus, bishop of Apamea in Syria. He was martyred under Nero. “Aristarchus, whom Paul mentions several times, calling him a ‘fellow laborer,’ became bishop of Apamea in Syria.” Orthodox Study Bible Reference to in Acts 19:29; Acts 20:4; Acts 27:2; Colossians 4:10; Philemon 24
11. Aristobulus, bishop of Britain. “… the brother of the apostle Barnabas, preached the gospel in Great Britain and died peacefully there.” Orthodox Study Bible Reference to in Romans 16:14
12. Artemas, bishop of Lystra in Lycia. Reference to in Titus 3:12
13. Aristarchus, bishop of Hyracania in Asia. Reference to in Romans 16:14
14. Barnabas. “A Jew of the Tribe of Levi, was born in Cyprus of wealthy parents. He is said to have studied under Gamaliel with Saul of Tarsus, who was to become Paul the apostle. Originally named Joseph, he was called Barnabas (Son of Consolation) by the apostles because he had a rare gift of comforting people’s hearts. He sought out Paul when everyone else was afraid of him, bringing him to the apostles. It was Barnabas whom the apostles first sent to Antioch with Paul. Their long association was broken only when Barnabas was determined to take his cousin Mark, whom Paul did not trust just then, on a missionary journey. The three were later reconciled. Many ancient accounts say Barnabas was the first to preach in Rome and in Milan, but he was martyred in Cyprus, then buried by Mark at the western gate of the city of Salamis.” Orthodox Study Bible Reference to in Acts 4:36; Acts 9:27; Acts 11–15; 1 Corinthians 9:6; Galatians 2:1, 9, 13; Colossians 4:10
15. Caesar, bishop of Dyrrhachium (in the Peloponnese of Greece)
16. Carpus, bishop of Berroia (Verria, in Macedonia. Reference to in 2 Timothy 4:13
17. Clement, bishop in Sardis. Reference to in Philippians 4:3
18. Cephas, bishop of Iconium, Pamphyllia
19. Cleopas, was with the Lord on the road to Emmaus. Reference to in Luke 24:18; John 19:25
20. Crescens, later bishop of Galatia. He was martyred under the Emperor Trajan. Reference to in 2 Timothy 4:10
21. Crispus, bishop of Aegina, Greece. Reference to in Acts 18:8; 1 Corinthians 1:14
22. Epaphras. Reference to in Colossians 1:7; Colossians 4:12; Philemon 23
23. Epaphroditus, bishop of the Thracian city of Adriaca. Reference to in Philippians 2:25; 4:18
24. Epaenetus, bishop of Carthage. Reference to in Romans 16:5
25. Erastus. He served as a deacon and steward to the Church of Jerusalem. Later he served in Palestine. Reference to in Acts 19:22; Romans 16:23; 2 Timothy 4:20
26. Euodias(Evodius), first bishop of Antioch after St.Peter. He wrote several compositions. At the age of sixty-six, under the Emperor Nero, he was martyred. Reference to in Philippians 4:2
27. Fortunatus. Reference to in 1 Corinthians 16:17
28. Gaius, bishop of Ephesus. Reference to in Acts 19:29; Acts 20:4; Romans 16:23; 1 Corinthians 1:14; 3 John 1
29. Hermas, bishop in Philipopoulis. He wrote The Shepherd of Hermas. He died a martyr. Reference to in Romans 16:14
30. Hermes, bishop of Dalmatia. Reference to in Romans 16:14
31. Herodion, a relative of the Apostle Paul, bishop of Neoparthia. He was beheaded in Rome. Reference to in Romans 16:11
32. James, brother of the Lord (also called "the Less" or "the Just"). James was the Patriarch of Jerusalem. Reference to in Matthew 13:55; Mark 6:3; Acts 12:17; Acts 15:13; Epistle of James
33. Jason, bishop of Tarsus. Traveling with Sosipater to Corfu, the two were able, after an attempt made at their lives by the king of Corfu, to convert his majesty. Reference to in Acts 17:5–9
34. Justus, brother to the Lord and bishop of Eleutheropolis. He was the half-brother of Christ (as was Sts. James, Jude, and Simon) through Joseph's previous marriage to Salome (in Eastern Orthodox Church). He died a martyr. Reference to in Acts 1:23; Acts 18:7; Colossians 4:11
35. Linus, bishop of Rome. Reference to in 2 Timothy 4:21
36. Lucius, bishop of Laodicea. Reference to in Acts 13:1; Romans 16:21
37. Luke the Evangelist. He is the author of the Gospel of Luke, and the founder of Iconography (Orthodox Icon-writing). Reference to in Colossians 4:14; 2 Timothy 4:11; Philemon 24
38. Mark the Evangelist (called John). He wrote the Gospel of Mark. He also founded the Church of Alexandria, serving as its first bishop. Reference to in Acts 12:12, Acts 25; Acts 15:37–39; Colossians 4:10; 2 Timothy 4:11; Philemon 24; 1 Peter 5:13
39. Mark
40. Narcissus, ordained by the Apostle Philip as bishop of Athens, Greece. Reference to in Romans 16:11
41. Nicanor, one of the original seven deacons. He was martyred on the same day as the Promartyr Stephen. Reference to in Acts 6:5
42. Olympas, beheaded with St. Peter under Nero. Reference to in Romans 16:15
43. Onesimus. Onesimus preached the Gospel in many cities. He was made bishop of Ephesus, and later bishop of Byzantium (Constantinople). He was martyred under the Emperor Trajan. Reference to in Colossians 4:9; Philemon 10
44. Onesiphorus, bishop of Colophon (Asia Minor), and later of Corinth. He died a martyr in Parium. Reference to in 2 Timothy 1:16; 4:19
45. Parmenas, one of the original seven deacons. He preached throughout Asia Minor, and later settled in Macedonia. He was a bishop of Soli. He died a martyr in Macedonia. Reference to in Acts 6:5
46. Patrobus, bishop of Neapolis (Naples). Reference to in Romans 16:14
47. Philemon. He, with his wife Apphia, and the apostle Archippus, were martyred by pagans during a pagan feast. Reference to in Philemon 1
48. Philip the Deacon (one of the original seven). He was born in Palestine, and later preached throughout its adjoining lands. In Acts, he converts a eunuch (an official) of Candace, queen of Ethiopia, to Christ. He was later made bishop by the apostles at Jerusalem, who also sent him to Asia Minor. Reference to in Acts 6; Acts 8; Acts 21:8
49. Philologus, ordained bishop of Sinope (near the Black sea) by the Apostle Andrew. Reference to in Romans 16:15
50. Phlegon, bishop of Marathon, in Thrace. Reference to in Romans 16:14
51. Prochorus, one of the original seven deacons. He was made bishop of Nicomedia by St. Peter. He was later banished with the Apostle John (John the Theologian) to the Island of Patmos. In Antioch, he died a martyr. Reference to in Acts 6:5
52. Pudens (Pastorum). He was an esteemed member of the Roman Senate, then received Sts. Peter and Paul into his home, and was converted to Christ by them. He was martyred under Nero. Reference to in Acts 6:5
53. Quadratus, bishop of Athens. He was author of the Apologia. He was stoned, but survived. Soon-after, he died of starvation in prison.
54. Quartus, bishop of Beirut. Reference to in Romans 16:23
55. Rufus, bishop of Thebes, Greece. Reference to in Mark 15:21; Romans 16:13
56. Silas (Silvanus), bishop of Corinth. Reference to in Acts 15:22–40; Acts 16:19–40; Acts 17:4–15; Acts 18:5; 2 Corinthians 1:19; 1 Thessalonians 1:1; 2 Thessalonians 1:1; 1 Peter 5:12
57. Simeon, son of Cleopas. “Simeon, son of Cleopas (who was the brother of Joseph, the betrothed of the Virgin Mary), succeeded James as bishop of Jerusalem.” Orthodox Study Bible. He was martyred through torture and crucifixion, at the age of one-hundred. Reference to in Matthew 13:55; Mark 6:3
58. Sosipater, ordained bishop of Iconium by the Apostle Paul, his relative. With St. Jason, he converted the king of Corfu. Reference to in Romans 16:21
59. Sosthenes. “… became bishop of Caesarea.” Orthodox Study Bible Reference to in 1 Corinthians 1:1
60. Stachys, ordained by St. Andrew to be bishop of Byzantium. Reference to in Romans 16:9
61. Stephen the Promartyr and Archdeacon (one of the original seven deacons). Reference to in Acts 6:5–7:60; Acts 8:2 (Acts 6:5–8:2); Acts 11:19; Acts 22:20
62. Tertius, bishop of Iconium (after Sosipater). He wrote down St. Paul's letter to the Romans. He died a martyr. Reference to in Romans 16:22
63. Thaddaeus. He was baptized by John the Baptist (John the Forerunner). He later preached, and founded a Church in Beirut. Reference to in Matthew 10:3; Mark 3:18
64. Timon, one of the original seven deacons, and later bishop of Bostra (in Arabia). He was thrown into a furnace, but emerged unharmed. Reference to in Acts 6:5
65. Timothy. He accompanied St. Paul often, and both 1 and 2 Timothy are addressed to him. He was ordained bishop of Ephesus by St. Paul. He died a martyr. Reference to in Acts 16:1; Acts 17:14, Acts 15; Acts 18:5; Acts 19:22; Acts 20:4; Romans 16:21; 1 and 2 Timothy
66. Titus. “Among the more prominent of the seventy was the apostle Titus, whom Paul called his brother and his son. Born in Crete, Titus was educated in Greek philosophy, but after reading the prophet Isaiah he began to doubt the value of all he had been taught. Hearing the news of the coming of Jesus Christ, he joined some others from Crete who were going to Jerusalem to see for themselves. After hearing Jesus speak and seeing His works, the young Titus joined those who followed Him. Baptized by the apostle Paul, he worked with and served the great apostle of the gentiles, traveling with him until Paul sent him to Crete, making him bishop of that city. It is said that Titus was in Rome at the time of the beheading of St. Paul and that he buried the body of his spiritual father before returning home. Back in Crete, he converted and baptized many people, governing the Church on that island until he entered into rest at the age of ninety-four.” Orthodox Study Bible Reference to in 2 Corinthians 2:13; 2 Corinthians 7:6–14; 2 Corinthians 8:6–23; 2 Corinthians 12:18; Galatians 2:1–3; Epistle to Titus
67. Trophimus, disciple of St. Paul, and martyred under Nero. Reference to in Acts 20:4; Acts 21:29; 2 Timothy 4:20
68. Tychicus. “… succeeded him (Sosthenes, as bishop) in that city (of Caesarea).” Orthodox Study Bible. He delivered St. Paul's letter to the Ephesians and Colossians. Reference to in Acts 20:4; Ephesians 6:21; Colossians 4:7; 2 Timothy 4:12; Titus 3:12
69. Urbanus, ordained by the Apostle Andrew as bishop of Macedonia. He died a martyr. Reference to in Romans 16:9
70. Zenas (called 'the lawyer'), bishop of Diospolis (Lydda), in Palestine. Reference to in Titus 3:13

Additional names:

1. Alphaeus, father of the apostles James and Matthew
2. Apphia, wife of the Apostle Philemon. The Church had gathered in her home for liturgy, while pagans who had been celebrating a pagan feast broke in and raided her home. They took Apphia, Philemon, and Archippus to be killed. She suffered martyrdom, and is commemorated by the Church on February 19.
3. Junia, accompanied Andronicus in preaching all over Pannonia. She was a relative to the Apostle Paul, and a martyr.
4. Silvan, bishop of Thessaloniki, Greece. Reference to in 1 Peter 5:12; 2 Corinthians 1:19
5. Zacchaeus, appointed by St. Peter to be bishop of Caesarea, referred to in Luke 19:1–10

In some accounts of the life of the legendary Saint Mantius of Évora, he is regarded as one of the disciples, having witnessed the Last Supper and Pentecost.^[10]

Manuscripts of the New Testament with lists[]

• Minuscule 82
• Minuscule 93
• Minuscule 177
• Minuscule 459
• Minuscule 613
• Minuscule 617
• Minuscule 699

See also[]

• Life of Jesus in the New Testament
• Dispersion of the Apostles

Notes[]

References[]

External links[]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Seventy Disciples.

• Orthodoxwiki.org, Seventy Apostles'. An overview of the lists made of the disciples/apostles with background on many of them
• Luke 10 in Greek
• Luke 10 in Greek transliterated
• The Seventy Apostles
• The Book of the Bee, chapter XLIX "The names of the Apostles in order" by Solomon, Nestorian bishop of Basra, 13th century (edited by Ernest A. Wallace Budge, 1886)
• "Oldest Church" in Rihad Jordan Discovery "Ridiculous," Critics Say