Snohomish, Washington

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Snohomish
City
First Street during the annual Kla-Ha-Ya Days celebration, 2006
First Street during the annual Kla-Ha-Ya Days celebration, 2006
Snohomish County Washington Incorporated and Unincorporated areas Snohomish Highlighted.svg
Coordinates: 47°55′9″N 122°5′28″W / 47.91917°N 122.09111°W / 47.91917; -122.09111Coordinates: 47°55′9″N 122°5′28″W / 47.91917°N 122.09111°W / 47.91917; -122.09111
CountryUnited States
StateWashington
CountySnohomish
Founded1859
IncorporatedJune 26, 1890
Government
 • TypeMayor–council
 • MayorJohn T. Kartak[1]
 • City administratorSteve Schuller
Area
 • Total3.72 sq mi (9.64 km2)
 • Land3.52 sq mi (9.12 km2)
 • Water0.20 sq mi (0.52 km2)  4.44%
Elevation
66 ft (20 m)
Population
 (2010)[3]
 • Total9,098
 • Estimate 
(2019)[4]
10,154
 • Density2,883.84/sq mi (1,113.35/km2)
Time zoneUTC-8 (PST)
 • Summer (DST)UTC-7 (PDT)
ZIP codes
98290, 98291, 98296
Area code360
FIPS code53-65170
GNIS feature ID1531910[5]
Websitesnohomishwa.gov
A house in Queen Anne style at 223 Avenue A

Snohomish is a city in Snohomish County, Washington, United States. The population was 9,098 at the 2010 census. It is located on the Snohomish River, southeast of Everett and northwest of Monroe. Snohomish lies at the intersection of U.S. Route 2 and State Route 9. The city's airport, Harvey Airfield, is located south of downtown and used primarily for general aviation.

The city was founded in 1859 and named Cadyville for pioneer settler E. F. Cady and renamed to Snohomish in 1871. It served as county seat of Snohomish County from 1861 to 1897, when the county government was relocated to Everett. Snohomish has a downtown district that is renowned for its collection of antique shops and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.[6]

History[]

The Snohomish River Valley was originally inhabited by the Snohomish people, a Coast Salish tribe who lived between Port Gardner Bay and modern-day Monroe.[7] An archaeological site near the confluence of the Snohomish and Pilchuck Rivers has indications of human habitation that began as early as 8,000 years before present.[8] The Snohomish had contact with white explorers in the early 19th century, with their name recorded as "Sinnahamis" by John Work of the Hudson's Bay Company, among the first to also use the name to describe the river.[9] The Snohomish were signatories of the Point Elliott Treaty in 1855, which relocated the tribe to the Tulalip Indian Reservation.[7] In the early 1850s, the territorial government planned to construct a military road connecting Fort Steilacoom to Fort Bellingham, with a ferry crossing of the Snohomish River at Kwehtlamanish, a winter village of the Snohomish people.[8][10] The road, proposed in the wake of the Pig War, was intended to be built far enough inland to be safe from British naval attacks.[citation needed]

The confluence of the Snohomish and Pilchuck rivers, located near Kwehtlamanish, was sought by several American settlers from Steilacoom who arrived in 1859 to file homestead claims. Edson F. Cady and Heil Barnes, representing carpenter Emory C. Ferguson, settled near the proposed ferry landing, while Egbert H. Tucker filed a claim for a plot on the other side of the Snohomish River.[8][11] The settlement was originally known as "Cadyville" and changed its name to Snohomish City in 1871. The name Snohomish comes from the name of the dominant local Native American tribe "sdoh-doh-hohbsh" ([sduhúbʃ]), whose meaning is widely disputed.

Although the military road was never completed, Snohomish quickly became a center of commerce in the expanding region. In 1861, Snohomish County separated from Island County and the Village of Snohomish was voted the county seat. It remained so until 1897 when the county seat was relocated to the larger, yet much newer neighboring city of Everett, Washington after a controversial and contested county-wide vote.[12]

Snohomish's first school was organized in either 1867 or 1869. The Village of Snohomish was incorporated in 1888 and re-incorporated as a city in 1890 due to the transition from territory to state.[13] Hyrcanus Blackman was elected mayor, having already been Police Chief for two years. 1893 saw the construction of a roller skating rink and 1894 the first graduations from Snohomish High School. By 1899 the city of Snohomish was a prosperous town with a population of 2,000, 25 businesses and 80 homes.[14]

The steamboat Marguerite at Snohomish, Washington, sometime before May 24, 1907

1901 brought Snohomish the first motor car in the county. In 1903 First Street was paved with brick. When it was finished, there was a three-day celebration, and for years afterward, the city's residents remained so proud of the street that they washed it every week with a fire hose.

Emma C. Patric was appointed the town's first librarian in 1901, an event that lead to the 1910 grand opening of the town's first public library, The Carnegie Library.[15][16] It is now the oldest remaining public building in the city.[17] In 1911 a disastrous fire struck First Street and everything between Avenues B and C was destroyed. The fire began when a small blaze in the Palace Cafe on the South side of the street got out of control on Memorial Day, 1911 at about four a.m. Thirty-five business structures were put out of business, with $173,000 worth of goods destroyed. Despite the disaster the town continued to grow and by 1920 the population grew to a little over 3,000. The population would remain relatively stable for the next 40 years.[18] The city was connected to Everett by an interurban railway that ceased operations in 1921 after a trestle was damaged during a major flood.

The Great Depression was not acutely felt in Snohomish because its economy was mostly agrarian with many family farms. One of the town's largest employers, Bickford Ford, was founded in 1934 by Lawrence Bickford; the dealership flourished in a period when many auto dealerships failed. The 1930s brought Snohomish national notice as the hometown of baseball great Earl Averill, the first Washingtonian elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame. Averill played from 1929 to 1941, mostly with the Cleveland Indians.[19]

The 1960s saw the city of Snohomish enter a period of decline. As the Boeing Company fell on hard times, many people were laid off and had to move away to seek other work. A commonly heard phrase was, "Will the last person out of Seattle please turn off the lights?" Snohomish fought back with a redevelopment plan in 1965 that proposed the destruction of the historic structures along First Street to make way for an enclosed mall. The plan was not carried out due to lack of funds, and the area remains today as it has through much of its history.[20]

The Alcazar Opera House, built in 1892, later became an agricultural supply store and is now one of Snohomish's many antiques stores.

The town's economic malaise continued throughout much of the '70s, with the downtown area given over to mostly bars and small shops. In 1973 the city adopted a Historic District Ordinance protecting historic buildings and structures from inappropriate alterations and demolitions and encouraging the design of new construction in keeping with the district's historic character. In 1974, the Historic Business District, a 36-block area, was placed on the National Register of Historic Places. Larger stores moved away from First Street into newer developments and strip malls that spread out along Second Street and Avenue D.

In 1974 the Seattle-Snohomish mill was gutted by fire and rebuilt by its owners. In 1975 a severe flood struck the area, damaging over 300 homes and killing 3,500 head of livestock, but the community rallied to support those who were affected.

The 1980s saw renewed vigor in Snohomish when, along with other developments, two 7-Eleven convenience stores and a McDonald's franchise opened during the first part of the decade. Around 1985, the U.S. Route 2 bypass was completed, allowing traffic which had until then been forced to pass through the town to circumvent the city.

In the 1990s, First Street was redeveloped to take advantage of its historic buildings as a tourist attraction. Its sidewalks were rebuilt and public restrooms added. The city hall and police station were moved away from First Street and a new fire station was built, allowing those historic buildings to be renovated as well.

Geography[]

Snohomish is located along the north bank of the Snohomish River near where it is joined by the Pilchuck River. The city lies on the Getchell Hill Plateau, a low hill in the Snohomish River Valley that interrupts the wide, flat river valley.[8] Some neighborhoods of the city are on a ridge that is west of the Pilchuck River, as well as Dutch Hill on the opposite bank. Blackmans Lake (formerly Stillaguamish Lake) is located north of downtown Snohomish and has a boat launch maintained by the city government.[21] The river valley was formed approximately 14,000 years before present by the outflow of a glacial lake during the Vashon Glaciation event.[8] The river itself floods during the winter season, occasionally breaching the dikes in Downtown Snohomish.[22]

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 3.60 square miles (9.32 km2), of which, 3.44 square miles (8.91 km2) is land and 0.16 square miles (0.41 km2) is water.[23]

The historic business and residential center of the town constitutes the Snohomish Historic District, which is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Many houses bear plaques with the year the house was built and the name of the people who originally occupied it. Each year the city gives tours of the historic houses; one of them, the Blackman House, is a year-round museum.

Demographics[]

Historical population
Census Pop. %±
1880149—
18901,9031,177.2%
19002,10110.4%
19103,24454.4%
19202,985−8.0%
19302,688−9.9%
19402,7943.9%
19503,09410.7%
19603,89425.9%
19705,17432.9%
19805,2942.3%
19906,49922.8%
20008,49430.7%
20109,0987.1%
2019 (est.)10,154[4]11.6%
U.S. Decennial Census[24]
U.S. Census Estimate (2019)[25]
Snohomish River seen from downtown Snohomish in 2006

2010 census[]

As of the 2010 U.S. census, there were 9,098 people, 3,645 households, and 2,259 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,644.8 inhabitants per square mile (1,021.2/km2). There were 3,959 housing units at an average density of 1,150.9 per square mile (444.4/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 89.0% White, 0.5% African American, 1.1% Native American, 2.1% Asian, 0.3% Pacific Islander, 3.6% from other races, and 3.5% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 8.0% of the population.[3]

There were 3,645 households, of which 34.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 40.5% were married couples living together, 15.4% had a female householder with no husband present, 6.1% had a male householder with no wife present, and 38.0% were non-families. 30.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.41 and the average family size was 2.99.[3]

The median age in the city was 37.8 years. 24.3% of residents were under the age of 18; 8.4% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 27.7% were from 25 to 44; 27.9% were from 45 to 64; and 11.7% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 48.2% male and 51.8% female.[3]

2000 census[]

As of the 2000 census, there were 8,494 people, 3,276 households, and 2,099 families residing in the city. The population density was 3,368.8 people per square mile (1,301.4/km2). There were 3,444 housing units at an average density of 1,365.9 per square mile (527.7/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 93.64% White, 0.51% African American, 0.55% Native American, 1.25% Asian, 0.12% Pacific Islander, 1.04% from other races, and 2.90% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.89% of the population.[26]

There were 3,276 households, out of which 36.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 44.9% were married couples living together, 14.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 35.9% were non-families. 29.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.47 and the average family size was 3.03.[26]

In the city, the population was spread out, with 26.5% under the age of 18, 8.5% from 18 to 24, 33.1% from 25 to 44, 19.3% from 45 to 64, and 12.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 91.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 87.1 males.[26]

The median income for a household in the city was $46,396, and the median income for a family was $61,034. Males had a median income of $40,463 versus $33,929 for females. The per capita income for the city was $20,917. About 4.1% of families and 7.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 6.1% of those under age 18 and 10.4% of those age 65 or over.[26]

Government and politics[]

Snohomish is a noncharter code city that has a strong mayor–council government, with an elected mayor and an elected city council.[27] The seven part-time city councilmembers are elected at-large to four-year terms that are staggered, with odd years for elections.[28] From 1971 to 2017, the city operated under a council–manager government that was switched after a vote in 2016 passed by a margin of 11 votes.[29] The city government has 50 full-time employees and operated under a $22.7 million budget in 2016.[30]

At the federal level, Snohomish is part of Washington's 1st congressional district,[31] which has been represented by Democrat Suzan DelBene since 2012.[32] At the state level, the city is part of the 44th legislative district.[31] Snohomish is also wholly part of the Snohomish County Council's 5th district, represented by Sam Low of Lake Stevens since 2016.[33][34]

Education[]

Main article: Snohomish School District

The Snohomish School District operates public schools that serve residents of Snohomish and nearby unincorporated areas, including Cathcart, Machias, and Three Lakes.[35] As of 2017, school district has a total enrollment of 10,193 students, 477 teachers, and 14 total schools.[36] It has two conventional high schools, Snohomish High School and Glacier Peak High School (opened in 2008), and an alternative high school program.[citation needed] The school district has two middle schools[citation needed] and ten elementary schools.[37]

The city also has several private schools operated by churches and other organizations, including Zion Lutheran School and St. Michael Catholic School.[citation needed]

Parts of Snohomish, including Maltby Elementary School and Hidden River Middle School, are included in the Monroe School District. Students attending these schools continue to Monroe High School.[citation needed]

Culture[]

Snohomish hosts an annual summer festival called Kla Ha Ya Days, which attracts up to 25,000 visitors and began in 1913. It is one of several community events associated with the regional Seafair, held annually in July.[38]

Several films have been shot in Snohomish, including 1981 comedy-drama Bustin' Loose and the 1985 drama Twice in a Lifetime.[39][40] The city's high school was also a setting in the 1983 film WarGames, which was filmed in Darrington and California.[citation needed]

Library[]

Snohomish has a public library operated by Sno-Isle Libraries. The current branch opened in 2003, replacing the old Carnegie library that was built by the city in 1910.[41][42]

Notable people[]

Snohomish has produced several professional athletes in American football, baseball, basketball, and ice hockey, including three baseball players named "Earl."[43]

Infrastructure[]

Transportation[]

Snohomish is served by two major highways: U.S. Route 2 (US 2), which bypasses the city to the north and east, continuing on to Everett and Stevens Pass; and State Route 9, which runs north–south and travels south towards Woodinville and north to Lake Stevens and Arlington. Other major roads in Snohomish include Bickford Avenue (Avenue D), which formerly carried US 2, and Machias Road (Maple Avenue).

The city was formerly served by the Everett–Snohomish Interurban, an electric interurban railway that ceased operations in 1921.[72] A small replica train depot was opened in 2005 near the Avenue D Bridge to serve as a visitors center.[73][74]

Notes[]

  1. ^ Russell, Melanie (December 6, 2017). "Mayor John Kartak has first day in office". . Archived from the original on 2018-03-08. Retrieved August 19, 2021.
  2. ^ "2019 U.S. Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved August 7, 2020.
  3. ^ Jump up to: a b c d "QuickFacts: Snohomish, Washington". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved May 26, 2020.
  4. ^ Jump up to: a b "Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Incorporated Places in Washington: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2019". United States Census Bureau. May 2020. Retrieved May 27, 2020.
  5. ^ "Snohomish, Washington". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey. September 10, 1979. Retrieved May 26, 2020.
  6. ^ West, Susan. "Antique Store Closes Because of Poor Economy". KCPQ-TV. Retrieved 2009-02-11. It's located in what's known as the "Antique Capital of the Northwest" in the city of Snohomish. The streets are filled with specialty shops including those for various types of antiques, tea, furniture, clothing and more.[permanent dead link]
  7. ^ Jump up to: a b Ruby, Robert H.; Brown, John A. (1992). A Guide to the Indian Tribes of the Pacific Northwest. Norman, Oklahoma: University of Oklahoma Press. pp. 212–213. ISBN 0-8061-2479-2. OCLC 260150606. Retrieved October 20, 2019 – via Google Books.
  8. ^ Meany, Edmond S. (April 1922). "Origin of Washington Geographic Names". The Washington Historical Quarterly. University of Washington Press. 13 (2): 279. JSTOR 40428381. OCLC 1963675. Retrieved October 20, 2019 – via HathiTrust.
  9. ^ Whitfield, William M. (1926). History of Snohomish County, Washington. Chicago: Pioneer Historical Publishing Company. pp. 214–226. OCLC 8437390. Retrieved October 20, 2019 – via HathiTrust.
  10. ^ Haglund, Noah (January 16, 2011). "In its infancy, Snohomish County was land of power plays". The Everett Herald. Retrieved October 20, 2019.
  11. ^ "History Information". City of Snohomish. Archived from the original on 2007-10-07. Retrieved 2007-08-15.
  12. ^ Blake, Warner (November 30, 2011). "Snohomish: Historic Downtown Tour". HistoryLink. Retrieved September 22, 2019.
  13. ^ "Teaching materials". Snohomish Historical Society. Archived from the original on 2007-09-29. Retrieved 2007-08-15.
  14. ^ DeLong, Dan (May 24, 2002). "Daily News Gallery - 5/25/2002". Seattle Post-Intelligencer. Retrieved 26 March 2015. A photo taken in the 1930s shows Snohomish librarians Emma Patric and Catharine McMurchy.
  15. ^ Blake, Warner. "Carnegie Library Building, 1910-2010". Snohomish County Tribune replublished at Snohomish, Then and Now. Retrieved 27 March 2015. In 1901, the club purchased an old residence on the present site of the Carnegie and the famous Emma Patric was appointed the first librarian. [...]The formal opening was reported in the May 27, 1910, issue of the Tribune.
  16. ^ Nohara, Yoshiaki (June 24, 2008). "Restoration for Snohomish's Carnegie Building?". The Herald of Everett, Washington. Retrieved 27 March 2015. What makes the Carnegie Building unique is that it's the oldest public building in the city, said Larry Bauman, city manager.
  17. ^ "Historical Development of Snohomish". City of Snohomish. Archived from the original on 2013-09-15. Retrieved 2007-08-15.
  18. ^ Ripp, Bart. "Earl Averill Was Snohomish's Rock of Ages". BaseballLibrary.com. Archived from the original on 2007-09-30. Retrieved 2007-08-15.
  19. ^ "Historic Downtown Snohomish". Snohomish Chamber of Commerce. Archived from the original on 2007-09-27. Retrieved 2007-08-14.
  20. ^ "History of Snohomish". City of Snohomish. Retrieved September 22, 2019.
  21. ^ Higgins, Mark (November 23, 1996). "Snohomish: River town not known for sitting around and twiddling its thumbs". Seattle Post-Intelligencer. p. D1.
  22. ^ "2018 U.S. Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved February 16, 2020.
  23. ^ "Decennial Census of Population and Housing". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved July 26, 2013.
  24. ^ "Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Incorporated Places in Washington: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2019". United States Census Bureau. May 2020. Retrieved May 26, 2020.
  25. ^ Jump up to: a b c d "Profile of General Demographic Characteristics: Snohomish city, Washington" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. 2000. Retrieved September 30, 2019 – via Puget Sound Regional Council.
  26. ^ "Snohomish Municipal Code Chapter 1.06: City Classification". City of Snohomish. Retrieved September 24, 2019.
  27. ^ "Mayor's Office". City of Snohomish. Retrieved September 24, 2019.
  28. ^ Tompkins, Caitlin (December 9, 2016). "Recount shows Snohomish strong-mayor vote passed by 11 votes". The Everett Herald. Retrieved April 17, 2017.
  29. ^ "Accountability Audit Report: City of Snohomish". Washington State Auditor. March 1, 2018. p. 6. Retrieved September 27, 2019.
  30. ^ Jump up to: a b Washington State Legislative & Congressional District Map (PDF) (Map). Washington State Redistricting Commission. February 7, 2012. Puget Sound inset. Retrieved September 27, 2019.
  31. ^ Brunner, Jim (May 27, 2015). "Monroe GOP lawmaker plans to run against Rep. DelBene". The Seattle Times. Retrieved September 24, 2019.
  32. ^ Snohomish County Council Districts (Map). Snohomish County Elections. Retrieved September 27, 2019.
  33. ^ Haglund, Noah (December 1, 2016). "Sam Low leaves Lake Stevens council to join the county's". The Everett Herald. Retrieved September 27, 2019.
  34. ^ Snohomish County School Districts Map (PDF) (Map). Snohomish County. December 21, 2017. Retrieved October 9, 2019.
  35. ^ "Public School District Directory Information: Snohomish School District". National Center for Education Statistics. Retrieved October 9, 2019.
  36. ^ Davey, Stephanie (September 29, 2019). "Snohomish schools to ask for $470 million bond in February". The Everett Herald. Retrieved October 9, 2019.
  37. ^ Thompson, Evan (July 12, 2018). "Old traditions meet new ones at Kla Ha Ya Days in Snohomish". The Everett Herald. Retrieved September 22, 2019.
  38. ^ O'Donnell, Jack (May 17, 2006). "Seems Like Yesterday". The Everett Herald.
  39. ^ Muhlstein, Julie (February 21, 2009). "See if you recognize Everett in these films". The Everett Herald. Retrieved September 22, 2019.
  40. ^ Nohara, Yoshiaki (July 20, 2008). "Snohomish Library accolades add up". The Everett Herald. Retrieved February 21, 2020.
  41. ^ Davey, Stephanie (February 19, 2020). "Annex removed from Snohomish's 100-year-old Carnegie library". The Everett Herald. Retrieved February 21, 2020.
  42. ^ Jump up to: a b Shaw, Linda (November 10, 1990). "Obituaries: Earl Torgeson, Major League and former county commissioner". The Seattle Times. p. C10. Retrieved September 22, 2019.
  43. ^ "Earl Averill, 81, a Hall of Famer". The New York Times. Associated Press. August 18, 1983. p. B10. Retrieved September 22, 2019.
  44. ^ Jude, Adam (May 14, 2015). "Ex-major league and Snohomish star Earl Averill Jr. dies". The Seattle Times. Retrieved September 22, 2019.
  45. ^ Patterson, Lexi (February 4, 2019). "Snohomish native balances pro hockey career with law school". The Everett Herald. Retrieved October 1, 2020.
  46. ^ Myhre, Rich (January 19, 2017). "Sounders give Glacier Peak grad chance to play in MLS". The Everett Herald. Retrieved September 22, 2019.
  47. ^ Van Til, Cameron (January 17, 2017). "Ex-NBA player returns home to coach at Snohomish High". The Everett Herald. Retrieved September 22, 2019.
  48. ^ Condotta, Bob (January 10, 2018). "Seahawks fire offensive-line coach Tom Cable". The Seattle Times. Retrieved September 22, 2019.
  49. ^ Moore, Jim (February 20, 2007). "Go 2 Guy: Eaton in Philly but thinks of Seattle". Seattle Post-Intelligencer. Retrieved September 22, 2019.
  50. ^ "Applause: Snohomish Hall of Fame grows Thursday". The Everett Herald. February 6, 2007. Retrieved September 22, 2019.
  51. ^ Myhre, Rich (February 16, 2011). "Longtime Snohomish coach Gilbertson dies". The Everett Herald. Archived from the original on April 17, 2015. Retrieved September 22, 2019.
  52. ^ Henry, Larry (March 18, 2002). "Oops, major league history of Snohomish got the short shrift". The Everett Herald. Retrieved September 22, 2019.
  53. ^ Arnold, Kirby (November 19, 2008). "Local race car driver living the dream, just a different one". The Everett Herald. Retrieved September 22, 2019.
  54. ^ Cain, Holly (February 16, 2006). "Snohomish driver making Daytona debut in truck series". Seattle Post-Intelligencer. Retrieved September 22, 2019.
  55. ^ Boyle, John (January 24, 2010). "Saints coach has roots in Snohomish County". The Everett Herald. Retrieved September 22, 2019.
  56. ^ Mayers, Joshua (April 1, 2008). "Flashback: NFL lineman Curt Marsh almost quit football as a teenager". The Seattle Times. Retrieved September 22, 2019.
  57. ^ Chiu, Lisa (May 6, 2006). ""Wizards" conjuring up old magic: making games". The Seattle Times. Retrieved September 22, 2019.
  58. ^ Aron, Jaime (August 4, 1999). "Snohomish's Ogden out to catch on in NFL". The Seattle Times. Associated Press. Retrieved September 22, 2019.
  59. ^ Raley, Dan (July 13, 2004). "Where Are They Now: Jim Ollom". Seattle Post-Intelligencer. Retrieved September 22, 2019.
  60. ^ Lacitis, Erik (December 7, 1975). "John Patric: A town's loud eccentric". The Seattle Times. p. B12.
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  62. ^ Moore, Jim (January 24, 2005). "Don Poier, 1951-2005: Voice of Grizzlies honed his skills in NW". Seattle Post-Intelligencer. Retrieved September 22, 2019.
  63. ^ Cornfield, Jerry (November 2, 2016). "State superintendent candidates have similar philosophies". The Everett Herald. Retrieved July 6, 2019.
  64. ^ Henderson, Paul (January 31, 1980). "Ex-minister to be sentenced in rape". The Seattle Times. p. A14.
  65. ^ Cornfield, Jerry (September 26, 2014). "Retired Navy captain appointed to fill state House seat". The Everett Herald. Retrieved July 6, 2019.
  66. ^ Brown, Andrea (June 7, 2017). "Snohomish High scores when Chrissy Teigen comes to town". The Everett Herald. Retrieved July 6, 2019.
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  69. ^ "Biographies: Brigadier General Fred W. Vetter Jr". United States Air Force. March 15, 1969. Retrieved September 22, 2019.
  70. ^ Myhre, Rich (December 27, 2016). "Snohomish native Bender inspires local women's hockey players". The Everett Herald. Retrieved July 6, 2019.
  71. ^ Ryan, Cheri; Stadler, Kevin K. (2010). Seattle–Everett Interurban Railway. Charleston, South Carolina: Arcadia Publishing. p. 52. ISBN 978-0-7385-8019-7. OCLC 700409706. Retrieved September 22, 2019 – via Google Books.
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  73. ^ Wright, Diane (July 5, 2006). "Expanding visitor centers can answer the darnedest questions". The Seattle Times. Retrieved September 22, 2019.

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