Socialism and Liberty Party
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Socialism and Liberty Party Partido Socialismo e Liberdade | |
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Abbreviation | PSOL |
President | |
Founded | 6 June 2004 |
Split from | Workers' Party |
Headquarters | SDS, Edificio Venâncio V, Loja 28, Brasília |
Membership (2020) | 219,989[1] |
Ideology | Democratic socialism Anti-capitalism Eco-socialism Feminism Socialism of the 21st century Libertarian socialism[2] |
Political position | Left-wing[3] to far-left[4] |
International affiliation | Different groups in PSOL have different international affiliations. |
Colours | Red Yellow Purple Orange |
TSE Identification Number | 50 |
Chamber of Deputies | 9 / 513 |
Federal Senate | 0 / 81 |
Governorships | 0 / 27 |
State Assemblies | 18 / 1,024 |
Mayors | 5 / 5,570 |
City Councillors | 89 / 56,810 |
Website | |
psol50 | |
Part of a series on |
Socialism |
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The Socialism and Liberty Party (Portuguese: Partido Socialismo e Liberdade IPA: [paʁˈtʃidu sosjɐˈlizmw i libeʁˈdadʒi], PSOL IPA: [peˈsɔw]) is a left-wing political party in Brazil. The party describes itself as socialist and democratic.
The party leader is Juliano Medeiros and the federal deputies Ivan Valente, Marcelo Freixo, Talíria Petrone, Sâmia Bomfim, Áurea Carolina, Edmilson Rodrigues, Fernanda Melchionna, David Miranda, Glauber Braga and Luiza Erundina, with a number of well-known Brazilian left-wing leaders and intellectuals, such as Guilherme Boulos, , Hamilton Assis, Michael Löwy, Luciana Genro, , , , , , João Machado, and others.
PSOL was formed after Heloísa Helena, Luciana Genro, Babá and João Fontes (also a federal deputy, now a member of the Democratic Labour Party, PDT) were expelled from the Workers' Party after voting against the pension reform proposed by Lula. They opposed the liberal decisions of Lula's government and the Workers' Party alliances with polemic right-wing politicians, such as the former presidents José Sarney and Fernando Collor.
After collecting more than 438,000 signatures, PSOL became Brazil's 29th officially recognized political party, the first to do so by this method.[citation needed]
Ideology and support[]
The ideology of the party varies between the left and the far left. The programmatic elements found in the party are related to socialism, anti-capitalism, and anti-imperialism. There are Marxist, Trotskyist, eco-socialist, and labor unionism tendencies within the party. Among other things, the party program includes the reduction of working hours, agrarian and urban reform, increased spending on health, education and infrastructure, and a break with the International Monetary Fund.[5] It also seeks to decriminalize abortion.[6] Because it is a party formed by trends that possess the political spectrum of the left in common, they represent distinct divisions in question of origin, geographical location and composition of its leaderships. The formation of tendencies provided for in the party statute can be freely organized without direct interference from the party leadership, allowing autonomy of intra-party groups, provided they follow the political prerogatives of the party's statute and program.[5]
Internal tendencies[]
Abbreviation | Name in Portuguese | Name in English | Ideology | International affiliation |
---|---|---|---|---|
APS-NE | Ação Popular Socialista - Nova Era | Socialist People's Action - New Era | Democratic socialism | |
Comuna | Commune | Mandelist-Trotskyism, Eco-socialism, Feminism | Fourth International (reunited) | |
CST | Corrente Socialista dos Trabalhadores | Socialist Workers' Current | Morenism | International Workers' Unity – Fourth International |
EM | Esquerda Marxista | Marxist Left | Grantism | International Marxist Tendency |
Fortalecer o PSOL | Strengthen PSOL | Marxism–Leninism, Left-wing populism | ||
Insurgência | Insurgency | Mandelism, Socialism of the 21st century | Fourth International (reunited) | |
LSR | Liberdade, Socialismo e Revolução | Freedom, Socialism and Revolution | Trotskyism | International Socialist Alternative |
MES | Movimento Esquerda Socialista | Socialist Left Movement | Left-wing populism, Morenism | Fourth International (reunited) |
PS | Primavera Socialista | Socialist Spring | Democratic socialism | |
Resistência | Resistance | Trotskyism | ||
Subverta | Subvert | Mandelism, Eco-socialism, Socialism of the 21st Century, Buen Vivir[7] | Fourth International (reunited) |
PSOL also allows certain unregistered political parties to launch candidates through its TSE registry number. These organizations, however, cannot participate in the party's congresses.
Abbreviation | Name in Portuguese | Name in English | Ideology |
---|---|---|---|
BP | Brigadas Populares | People's Brigades | Marxism–Leninism, Left-wing nationalism, Socialism of the 21st Century, Bolivarianism |
MRT | Movimento Revolucionário de Trabalhadores | Workers' Revolutionary Movement | Trotskyism |
PCR | Partido Comunista Revolucionário | Revolutionary Communist Party | Marxism–Leninism, Hoxhaism |
PCLCP | Polo Comunista Luiz Carlos Prestes | Luiz Carlos Prestes Communist Pole | Marxism–Leninism, Left-wing nationalism |
RAiZ | Raiz - Movimento Cidadanista | Roots - Citizens' Movement | Eco-socialism, Teko Porã, Ubuntu |
RC | Refundação Comunista | Communist Refoundation | Revolutionary socialism |
Members of the National Congress[]
Following the 2018 general election, PSOL currently has ten federal deputies in the National Congress of Brazil. Although having a small presence in parliament, PSOL is the 5th most popular party in Brazil,[8] and it is recognized as different from the bigger PSDB and PT parties and the cronyist and catch-all parties without an ideology.
It is the only party present in the Congress which did not receive money from large corporations and the only party that called for the removal of the former President of the Chamber of Deputies Eduardo Cunha, currently in jail.
Federal Deputies[]
Name | State | Internal tendency |
---|---|---|
Áurea Carolina | Minas Gerais | Independent |
David Miranda | Rio de Janeiro | Socialist Left Movement |
Pará | Socialist Left Movement | |
Fernanda Melchionna | Rio Grande do Sul | Socialist Left Movement |
Glauber Braga | Rio de Janeiro | Independent |
Ivan Valente | São Paulo | Socialist Spring |
Luiza Erundina | São Paulo | Raiz - Citizens' Movement |
Marcelo Freixo | Rio de Janeiro | Independent |
Sâmia Bomfim | São Paulo | Socialist Left Movement |
Talíria Petrone | Rio de Janeiro | Subvert |
State Deputies[]
Name | State | Internal tendency |
---|---|---|
Daniella Monteiro | Rio de Janeiro | Insurgency |
Eliomar Coelho | Rio de Janeiro | Independent |
Flavio Serafini | Rio de Janeiro | Subvert |
Mônica Francisco | Rio de Janeiro | Independent |
Renata Souza | Rio de Janeiro | Independent |
Carlos Giannazi | São Paulo | Independent |
Erica Malunguinho | São Paulo | Independent |
Mônica Seixas | São Paulo | Socialist Left Movement |
Isa Penna | São Paulo | Independent |
Paulo Lemos | Amapá | Independent |
Hilton Coelho | Bahia | Popular Socialist Action - New Era |
Renato Roseno | Ceará | Insurgency |
Fábio Felix | Federal District | Socialist Left Movement |
Andréia de Jesus | Minas Gerais | Popular Brigades |
Marinor Brito | Pará | Socialist Spring |
Robeyoncé Lima | Pernambuco | Independent |
Sandro Pimentel | Rio Grande do Norte | Socialist Left Movement |
Luciana Genro | Rio Grande do Sul | Socialist Left Movement |
Mayors[]
Name | Municipality |
---|---|
Edmilson Rodrigues | Belém do Pará |
Clécio Luís, Mayor of Macapá, left the party to join Sustainability Network.
Elections[]
2006[]
PSOL launched Heloísa Helena to run for president in 2006 elections. The vice-presidential candidate was intellectual Trotskyist Unified Workers' Socialist Party (PSTU) and Marxist–Leninist Brazilian Communist Party (PCB).
. The party ran in a left-wing ticket along with two other parties:The alliance was extended to gubernatorial elections. In Minas Gerais, for instance, Vanessa Portugal, from the PSTU, ran for governor with PSOL's support, although not with PCB's. Prominent PSOL gubernatorial candidates were Plínio de Arruda Sampaio in São Paulo, in Rio de Janeiro and Roberto Robaina in Rio Grande do Sul. However, they were all defeated.
Heloísa Helena finished the presidential race in the third place, receiving 6.5 million votes throughout the country (6.85% of the valid votes). Three federal deputies, Luciana Genro, Chico Alencar and Ivan Valente, managed to get re-elected.
2010[]
In the 2010 candidate for presidential election Plínio de Arruda Sampaio received 888.000 votes (0.87%). Plinio presented an agrarian reform project in 1964 when he was federal deputy, but the 1964 Military Coup ended the project and Plinio lost his mandate. Although he received very few votes Plinio became famous after the elections because he was qualified as an anti-candidate.
PSOL elected three deputies again, Chico Alencar, Ivan Valente and Jean Wyllys.
Toninho do PSOL from Federal District got the best gubernatorial result. He finished in third place with 14.25%.
2012[]
In 2012 PSOL got its best results so far. Clecio Luis and Gelsimar Gonzaga were elected mayors in Macapá, Amapá's state capital, and Itaocara.
In the northern second largest city Belém and in Rio de Janeiro, PSOL finished second and elected four city councillors – the second largest group in those councils. In Belem Edmilson Rodrigues got 43.39% and in Rio de Janeiro Marcelo Freixo got 28.15%, almost 1 million votes.
Other places like São Paulo, Fortaleza, Campinas, Belo Horizonte, Curitiba, Salvador, Natal, Florianópolis, Niterói, São Gonçalo and Pelotas, PSOL got respectable results in 2012, 49 city councillors from PSOL were elected.
2014[]
PSOL initially nominated Randolfe Rodrigues, the Senator for Amapá, as their candidate for President in 2014, with former federal deputy and party co-founder Luciana Genro as his running mate.[9] Federal deputy Chico Alencar of Rio de Janeiro and attorney also ran for the party's nomination. However, he was replaced at the top of the ticket by Genro, a member of the Left Socialist Movement faction. She got 1,612,186 votes finishing in 4th place.
Genro's campaign received the support of important Brazilian intellectuals and celebrities. These included like Chico de Oliveira, Rogério Arantes, Vladimir Safatle, Michel Löwy, Gregorio Duvivier, Valesca Popozuda, Zélia Duncan, Karina Buhr, Clara Averbuck, Marina Lima, Juca Kfouri, Preta Gil, Laerte Coutinho, Marcelo Yuka and the international popstar Jessica Sutta. Her candidacy was well-regarded in the LGBT community.
PSOL elected 5 federal deputies and 12 state deputies. Marcelo Freixo (RJ) received the highest vote for a state deputy in Brazil with 350,408 votes. Carlos Giannazi was the leftist most voted in São Paulo with 164,929 votes.
Gubernatorial candidates Tarcísio Motta (RJ) with 8.92% (14.62% in city of Rio Janeiro) and Robério Paulino (RN) with 8.74% (22.45% in capital Natal) got excellent results. Senate candidate Heloísa Helena (AL) got 31.86%, but she lost the election to former Brazilian president Fernando Collor de Mello, who was impeached.
2018[]
In 2018, PSOL chose prolific labor leader Guilherme Boulos as their nominee for the presidency. Boulos's close affiliation with former President Lula led to concern that his nomination would erode PSOL's distinct identity.[10] It was alleged that party leadership pushed Boulos at the expense of other pre-candidates for the party's nomination, including economist (and son of 2010 presidential nominee Plínio de Arruda Sampaio) Plínio de Arruda Sampaio Jr., activist and educator Hamilton Assis, and academic Nildo Ouriques. Indigenous leader Sônia Guajajara, who initially sought the party's nomination, was chosen to serve as his vice presidential running mate.
Electoral results[]
Presidential[]
Election year | Candidate | 1st round | 2nd round | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
# of overall votes | % of overall vote | # of overall votes | % of overall vote | ||
2006 | Heloísa Helena | 6,575,393 | 6.9 (#3) | ||
2010 | Plínio de Arruda Sampaio | 886,816 | 0.9 (#4) | ||
2014 | Luciana Genro | 1,612,186 | 1.6 (#4) | ||
2018 | Guilherme Boulos | 617,122 | 0.6 (#10) |
Congress[]
Chamber of Deputies
Election year | # of overall votes | % of overall vote | # of overall seats won | +/- | Government | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2006 | 1,149,619 | 1.2 | 3 / 513
|
in opposition | ||
2010 | 1,142,737 | 1.2 | 3 / 513
|
0 | in opposition | |
2014 | 1,745,470 | 1.8 | 5 / 513
|
2 | in opposition | |
2018 | 2,783,669 | 2.8 | 10 / 513
|
5 | in opposition |
Senate
Election year | # of overall votes | % of overall vote | # of overall seats won | +/- | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
2006 | 351,527 | 0.4 | 1 / 81
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1 | PSOL did not originally gain a seat at the 2006 election. However, after Senator Ana Júlia de Vasconcelos Carepa (PT) resigned, following her election as Governor of Pará State, (PSOL) took her seat in the Senate as a member of the class of 2006. |
2010 | 3,041,854 | 1.8 | 2 / 81
|
1 | |
2014 | 1,045,275 | 1.2 | 1 / 81
|
1 | |
2018 | 5,273,853 | 3.1 | 0 / 81
|
1 |
References[]
- ^ "Estatísticas do eleitorado – Eleitores filiados".
- ^ "PSOL, UM PARTIDO NECESSARIO PARA CONQUISTAS DEMOCRATIZANTES". 19 September 2020.
- ^ Senra, Ricardo; Guimarães, Thiago (31 October 2016). "Como as eleições municipais desidrataram os partidos de esquerda". BBC Brasil (in Portuguese). Retrieved 3 December 2017.
- ^ Gonçalves da Silva, Júlio César. "Partido dos professores: elite partidária e evolução política do Partido Socialismo e Liberdade (PSOL)". Electoral Justice of Brazil (in Portuguese). Retrieved 3 December 2017.
- ^ Jump up to: a b "PSOL - Relação da Origem no desenvolvimento de sua Organização, Participação Eleitoral e Atuação Parlamentar" (PDF).
- ^ http://congressoemfoco.uol.com.br/noticias/psol-vai-ao-stf-pela-descriminalizacao-suburbrto/. Missing or empty
|title=
(help) - ^ Ávila, T.; Fernandes, S. (2018-11-07). "Construindo uma alternativa de transformação no Brasil e no Mundo". Subverta (in Portuguese). Retrieved 2020-10-18.
- ^ https://psol50.org.br/site/noticias/2131/mesmo-sem-candidato-definido-a-presidencia-da-republica-psol-e-citado-em-pesquisa-espontanea[dead link]
- ^ G1, Do; Brasília, em (2013-12-01). "PSOL escolhe Randolfe Rodrigues para disputar Presidência em 2014". Política (in Portuguese). Retrieved 2021-02-26.
- ^ de 2018, Rogério DaflonRogério Daflon9 de Março; 22h36. "A guerra pelo PSOL: uma reunião com o petista Tarso Genro desencadeou o inferno". The Intercept Brasil (in Portuguese). Retrieved 2021-02-24.
- Socialism and Liberty Party
- Far-left politics in Brazil
- Left-wing politics in Brazil
- Political parties in Brazil
- 2004 establishments in Brazil
- Democratic socialist parties in South America
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- Feminist organisations in Brazil
- Feminist parties
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- Political parties established in 2004
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- Secularism in Brazil
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