Stegodontidae

Stegodontidae; Temporal range: Miocene–Pleistocene possible survival until 4.1 kya (see article) PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Mammalia
Order:	Proboscidea
Superfamily:	Elephantoidea
Family:	†Stegodontidae; Osborn, 1918
Genera
	†Stegodon; †Stegolophodon;

Stegodontidae is an extinct family of Stegodon-like proboscideans that was endemic to Africa and Asia from the Miocene (15.97 mya)^[1] to the Late Pleistocene, with some studies suggesting that some survived into the Holocene in China (until as recently as 4.1 thousand years ago),^[2] although this is disputed.^[3]

Taxonomy[]

Stegodontidae was named by Osborn (1918). It was assigned to Mammutoidea by Carroll (1988); to Elephantoidea by Lambert and Shoshani (1998); and to Elephantoidea by Shoshani et al. (2006).^[4]^[5] It contains two of extinct elephant-like genera:

Proboscidea

Stegodontidae

	Stegolophodon

	Stegodon

Like all Proboscideans, the clade's position is uncertain: Some authors place it as a daughter clade under the Elephantidae, while others make the Stegodontidae a sister-clade to the Elephantidae.

References[]

^ "Stegodontidae basic info". Paleobiology database.
^ Saegusa, H. (2001). Comparisons of Stegodon and Elephantid Abundances in the Late Pleistocene of Southern China (PDF). The World of Elephants – Second International Congress. Rome. pp. 345–349. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 May 2006.
^ Turvey, Samuel T.; Tong, Haowen; Stuart, Anthony J.; Lister, Adrian M. (2013). "Holocene survival of Late Pleistocene megafauna in China: A critical review of the evidence". Quaternary Science Reviews. 76: 156–166. Bibcode:2013QSRv...76..156T. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2013.06.030.
^ R. L. Carroll. 1988. Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution. W. H. Freeman and Company, New York 1-698
^ J. Shoshani, R. C. Walter, M. Abraha, S. Berhe, P. Tassy, W. J. Sanders, G. H. Marchant, Y. Libsekal, T. Ghirmai and D. Zinner. 2006. A proboscidean from the late Oligocene of Eritrea, a "missing link" between early Elephantiformes and Elephantimorpha, and biogeographic implications. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 103(46)

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[1] "Stegodontidae basic info". Paleobiology database.

[saegusa-2] Saegusa, H. (2001). Comparisons of Stegodon and Elephantid Abundances in the Late Pleistocene of Southern China (PDF). The World of Elephants – Second International Congress. Rome. pp. 345–349. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 May 2006.

[3] Turvey, Samuel T.; Tong, Haowen; Stuart, Anthony J.; Lister, Adrian M. (2013). "Holocene survival of Late Pleistocene megafauna in China: A critical review of the evidence". Quaternary Science Reviews. 76: 156–166. Bibcode:2013QSRv...76..156T. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2013.06.030.

[4] R. L. Carroll. 1988. Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution. W. H. Freeman and Company, New York 1-698

[5] J. Shoshani, R. C. Walter, M. Abraha, S. Berhe, P. Tassy, W. J. Sanders, G. H. Marchant, Y. Libsekal, T. Ghirmai and D. Zinner. 2006. A proboscidean from the late Oligocene of Eritrea, a "missing link" between early Elephantiformes and Elephantimorpha, and biogeographic implications. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 103(46)

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