Steve Scalise

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Steve Scalise
Steve Scalise 116th Congress official photo.jpg
House Minority Whip
Incumbent
Assumed office
January 3, 2019
LeaderKevin McCarthy
Preceded bySteny Hoyer
House Majority Whip
In office
August 1, 2014 – January 3, 2019
LeaderJohn Boehner
Paul Ryan
Preceded byKevin McCarthy
Succeeded byJim Clyburn
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from Louisiana's 1st district
Incumbent
Assumed office
May 3, 2008
Preceded byBobby Jindal
Member of the Louisiana Senate
from the 9th district
In office
January 14, 2008 – May 6, 2008
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Member of the Louisiana House of Representatives
from the 82nd district
In office
January 8, 1996 – January 14, 2008
Preceded byQuentin Dastugue
Succeeded byCameron Henry
Personal details
Born
Stephen Joseph Scalise

(1965-10-06) October 6, 1965 (age 55)
New Orleans, Louisiana, U.S.
Political partyRepublican
Spouse(s)
Jennifer Letulle
​
(m. 2005)​
Children2
EducationLouisiana State University (BS)
WebsiteHouse website
Party website

Stephen Joseph Scalise (/skəˈliːs/; born October 6, 1965)[1] is an American politician who is the United States House of Representatives minority whip and representative for Louisiana's 1st congressional district, serving since 2008. The district includes most of New Orleans's suburbs, such as Metarie, Kenner and Slidell, as well as a sliver of New Orleans itself. He is a member of the Republican Party[2][3] and was the chair of the conservative House Republican Study Committee.[4]

Before his election to Congress, Scalise served four months in the Louisiana State Senate and twelve years in the Louisiana House of Representatives. On June 19, 2014, Scalise's Republican colleagues elected him majority whip of the United States House of Representatives. He assumed office on August 1. He is the first Louisianian to serve as majority whip since Hale Boggs of Louisiana's 2nd congressional district held the position from 1962 to 1971. In 2017, Scalise became the dean of the Louisiana Congressional delegation upon Senator David Vitter's retirement.

On June 14, 2017, Scalise was shot and seriously wounded during a baseball practice.[5] He underwent treatment for several months, returning to Congress on September 28.

Early life and education[]

Scalise was born in New Orleans,[6] one of three children of Alfred Joseph Scalise, a real estate broker who died on October 8, 2015, at the age of 77, and the former Carol Schilleci. His siblings are Glenn and Tara Scalise.[7]

Scalise's great-grandparents immigrated to the United States from Italy in the late 1800s.[8] He graduated from Archbishop Rummel High School in Metairie in Jefferson Parish[9] and earned a Bachelor of Science degree from Louisiana State University in Baton Rouge with a major in computer science and a minor in political science.[10][11] At Louisiana State University, Scalise was a member of the Acacia Fraternity.[12] He serves on the board of the American Italian Renaissance Foundation, servicing the American Italian Cultural Center.

Louisiana Legislature[]

Republican (formerly Democratic) State Representative Quentin Dastugue made an unsuccessful bid for Governor of Louisiana in 1995, dropping out before the nonpartisan blanket primary. Scalise was recruited by state Republicans to run for Dastugue's District 82 seat in the Louisiana House of Representatives, winning his election bid.[13] Scalise was re-elected to the seat in 1999 and 2003, serving until 2007.[14] His legislative peers named him to the House Appropriations Committee as the representative of the First Congressional District. Scalise opposed the 2002 , a proposal by Lake Charles Representative Vic Stelly, since enacted and then repealed, to reduce certain state sales taxes on food for home consumption and utilities in exchange for higher state income taxes.[citation needed]

Scalise was elected in the October 20, 2007 nonpartisan blanket primary to the District 9 seat in the Louisiana Senate vacated by the term-limited of Metairie. Scalise received 19,154 votes (61 percent) in a three-way contest. Fellow Republican , an education professor at the University of New Orleans who subsequently won a special state House election in 2016, polled 8,948 votes (29 percent). A Democrat, David Gereighty, polled 3,154 votes (10 percent) in the heavily Republican-oriented district.[15] Scalise, who was term-limited out of the House, was succeeded in the state House by his aide, Cameron Henry of Metairie.

In the special election on November 4, 2008 to fill the remaining three and one-half years in Scalise's state Senate term, defeated Polly Thomas, 21,853 (52.1 percent) to 20,065 (47.9 percent). Thomas had also lost the race for the seat in 2007 to Scalise.[16]

U.S. House of Representatives[]

Scalise with President George W. Bush in 2008
Scalise with President Donald Trump in 2018

Elections[]

2008 special election
Main article: 2008 Louisiana's 1st congressional district special election

In 2004, Scalise announced that he would run for the 1st congressional district, but deferred to the preference of party leaders and supported Bobby Jindal, who won the position vacated by the successful U.S. senatorial candidate, David Vitter.

In 2007, when Jindal was elected to the governorship of Louisiana, Scalise announced his intentions to seek the House seat again. This time he received Republican party backing.

Scalise's main opponent in the Republican primary–the real contest in this heavily Republican district–was fellow state representative State Representative from Mandeville in St. Tammany Parish. Burns accused Scalise of push polling, a practice in which a campaign contacts voters by telephone and asks probing questions which leave a negative impression of his opponent. Scalise defended his poll from criticism by Burns: "We were running a public opinion survey this week conducted by the largest Republican polling firm in the country, Public Opinion Strategies. . . . conducted with a sample of 300 people, and it shows Scalise at 57 percent, Burns at 26 percent and undecided at 17 percent The margin of error is 5.6 percent. We ran a fact-based public opinion survey, not a push poll."[17]

In the March 8, 2008, Republican primary, Scalise polled 16,799 votes (48 percent). He went on to win the runoff election on April 5 against Burns, who received 9,631 votes (28 percent) in the initial primary.[18][19]

In the May 3 general election, Scalise received 33,867 votes (75.13 percent) to Democrat Gilda Reed's 10,142 ballots (22.5 percent). Two minor candidates polled the remaining 2.36 percent of the vote. Reed was a favorite of organized labor and the Democratic constituency groups. The First District has been Republican since 1977, when Bob Livingston won a special election.[20]

Scalise was sworn in on May 7, 2008.[21]

2008 general election
Main article: 2008 United States House of Representatives elections in Louisiana § District 1

In the regularly scheduled election, Scalise was reelected over Democrat Jim Harlan, 66 percent to 34 percent.[22]

2010
Main article: 2010 United States House of Representatives elections in Louisiana § District 1

Scalise defeated the Democratic nominee, Myron Katz, and an Independent, Arden Wells, in his 2010 bid for reelection.[23]

2012
Main article: 2012 United States House of Representatives elections in Louisiana § District 1

In June 2009, Scalise joined Dan Kyle, the former legislative auditor and the treasurer of the Louisiana GOP, as directors of a national presidential fund-raising effort promoting Governor Jindal. According to Kyle, the group hoped to raise $60 million to persuade Jindal to seek the 2012 party nomination.[24] Others on the committee include former State Representative Woody Jenkins. Former Republican State Senator Tom Schedler of Slidell had his name removed from the group, not because he opposes Jindal but because such fund-raising activity could conflict with Schedler's role at the time as first assistant to Louisiana Secretary of State Jay Dardenne.[24] In 2010, Schedler succeeded Dardenne as secretary of state.

In his own 2012 congressional race, Scalise prevailed with 193,490 votes (66.6 percent) over four opponents, the strongest of whom was the Democrat M. V. "Vinny" Mendoza, who finished with 61,979 votes (21.3 percent). A second Republican, Gary King, received 24,838 votes (8.6 percent). Independent Arden Wells ran again and received 4,285 votes (1.5 percent) in his second race against Scalise.[25]

House Minority Whip[]

The Republicans lost their majority in the 2018 House of Representatives elections, and Scalise was elected as House Minority Whip, with Kevin McCarthy of California as Minority Leader. While as Majority Whip he was the third-ranking House Republican behind Speaker Paul Ryan and McCarthy, as Minority Whip he is second in command behind McCarthy.[26]

Committee assignments[]

Caucus memberships[]

Tenure[]

In 2011, Scalise became a co-sponsor of Bill H.R. 3261, otherwise known as the Stop Online Piracy Act (withdrawn January 23, 2012).[30] As chairman of the Republican Study Committee, Scalise dismissed Derek Khanna, a committee staffer, in December 2012 because of pressure from content industry lobbyists after the study committee published a memo advocating copyright reform.[31]

In 2013, Scalise voted against reauthorizing the Violence Against Women Act.[32] Also in 2013, Scalise sponsored a bill called the FCC Consolidated Reporting Act. The bill makes the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) consolidate several of their reports into one report.[33]

In December 2017, Scalise voted in favor of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act.[34] Scalise says that the bill will "put more money in the pockets of hard-working families."[35]

Scalise was the ranking Republican on the House Select Subcommittee on the Coronavirus Crisis during the May 19, 2021, hearings involving Emergent BioSolutions founder Faud El-Hibiri and its CEO Robert G. Kramer.[36][37][38][39][40][41][42]

Leadership race[]

In the aftermath of Rep. Eric Cantor's unexpected defeat by Dave Brat on June 10, 2014, Scalise launched a campaign to replace Rep. Kevin McCarthy in the position of Majority Whip of the House; McCarthy himself would replace Cantor as House Majority Leader. Scalise's ascent to leadership built on his "come-from-behind win in 2012 to become chairman" of the Republican Study Committee.[43] Scalise subsequently won a three-way race for whip, winning on the first ballot despite the efforts of fellow candidates Peter Roskam and Marlin Stutzman.[44][45] He came under fire for using the assistance of a federal lobbyist, John Feehery, when hiring staff for the Majority Leader's Press Office.[46]

Political positions[]

Health care[]

Scalise opposes the Affordable Care Act. Scalise applauded a Texas district court ruling the Affordable Care Act was unconstitutional in its entirety.[47]

Gun law[]

Scalise has been an opponent of gun control and was given an "A+ rating" from the National Rifle Association.[48][49] After being shot, and in the wake of the 2017 Las Vegas shooting, Scalise said on Meet the Press that he is still a gun rights supporter: "Don't try to put new laws in place that don't fix these problems. They only make it harder for law-abiding citizens to own a gun." Scalise has described the Second Amendment as "unlimited".[50]

In 2018, Scalise co-sponsored a bill to "strengthen school safety and security", which required a two-thirds vote for passage given that it was brought up under an expedited process known as Suspension of the Rules. The House voted 407–10 to approve the bill, which would "provide $50 million a year for a new federal grant program to train students, teachers and law enforcement on how to spot and report signs of gun violence". Named STOP (Students, Teachers, and Officers Preventing) School Violence Act, it would "develop anonymous telephone and online systems where people could report threats of violence." At the same time, it would authorize $25 million for schools to improve and harden their security, such as installing new locks, lights, metal detectors and panic buttons. A separate spending bill would be required to provide money for the grant program.[51]

Immigration[]

Scalise supported President Donald Trump's 2017 executive order temporarily banning on citizens of seven Muslim-majority countries from entering the U.S. He stated, "It's very prudent to say, 'Let's be careful about who comes into our country to make sure that they're not terrorists.'"[52]

Cannabis[]

Scalise opposes the legalization of marijuana, which he deems a gateway drug for other drugs. He has a "D" rating from National Organization for the Reform of Marijuana Laws for his voting history regarding cannabis-related causes.[53]

LGBT issues[]

According to the Washington Blade, Scalise has one of "the most anti-LGBT reputations of any lawmaker". He opposed the repeal of the US military's Don't Ask Don't Tell policy and including sexuality under hate crime legislation.[clarification needed] He also opposes same-sex marriage, having praised the 2014 Robicheaux v. Caldwell ruling. Scalise's voting record has a zero rating from the LGBT advocacy group Human Rights Campaign.[54]

2020 presidential election and aftermath[]

In December 2020, Scalise was one of 126 Republican members of the House of Representatives to sign an amicus brief in support of Texas v. Pennsylvania, a lawsuit filed at the United States Supreme Court and joined by 17 other states contesting the results of the 2020 presidential election, in which Joe Biden defeated[55] Trump. The Supreme Court declined to hear the case on the basis that Texas lacked standing under Article III of the Constitution to challenge the results of an election held by another state (Justices Alito and Thomas dissenting).[56][57][58]

Scalise condemned the Capitol attack as terrorism and compared it to the Congressional baseball shooting. "It would ... be naive to think the [2017] shooter arrived at his decision in a vacuum", Scalise said, adding, "It would be equally naive to think that the Capitol rioters arrived at their decisions in a void. Violent rhetoric helps radicalize people. Republicans and Democrats alike must have the moral clarity to call this language out whenever it is spoken, not only when it comes from the other side of the political aisle."[59]

In February 2021, more than a month after Joe Biden's inauguration, Scalise refused to acknowledge that the election was not stolen or fraudulent.[60] In May 2021, he called for the ouster of Liz Cheney as House Republican Conference Chair due to her vote to impeach Trump for inciting a mob to attack the U.S. Capitol.[61] On May 19, 2021, Scalise and the seven other House Republican leaders voted against establishing a national commission to investigate the January 6, 2021, attack on the United States Capitol Complex. Thirty-five House Republicans and all 217 Democrats present voted to establish such a commission.[62][63]

Other events[]

Speech at white nationalist convention[]

In 2002, Scalise was a speaker at a convention for the European-American Unity and Rights Organization (EURO), a group which was founded by David Duke. This became known in 2014 after political blogger[64][65] Lamar White, Jr. uncovered anonymous comments from 2002 on Stormfront, a white supremacist website, which made reference to Scalise as a 2002 speaker at the convention.[64][66][67][68][69][70] Scalise confirmed that he had spoken at the EURO conference in 2002 and stated at the time he did not know of the "racist nature of the group". Scalise said he spoke about state tax legislation and that EURO was "one of the many groups that I spoke to regarding this critical legislation," further stating that this is a group "whose views I wholeheartedly condemn." Scalise apologized for speaking to the group, saying, "It was a mistake I regret, and I emphatically oppose the divisive racial and religious views groups like these hold."[65]

Various Louisiana politicians, including Republican Governor Bobby Jindal and Democratic Congressman Cedric Richmond, defended Scalise's character.[71] Speaker of the House John Boehner voiced his continued confidence in Scalise as Majority Whip.[66][72] Several Democratic members of Congress, as well as Mo Elleithee, a spokesperson for the Democratic National Committee (DNC), criticized Scalise and challenged his statement that he was not aware of the group's affiliation with racism and anti-Semitism.[73] Mark Potok of the Southern Poverty Law Center called upon Scalise to step down from his leadership position as Majority Whip.[74][75][76]

Congressional baseball shooting[]

Main article: Congressional baseball shooting

On June 14, 2017, at 7:09 am EDT, Scalise and three other people were shot and wounded by James Hodgkinson, a left-wing extremist with a record of domestic violence,[5][77] who opened fire with a rifle during a baseball practice of the Republican team for the annual Congressional Baseball Game. The practice was taking place at the Eugene Simpson Baseball Fields in the Del Ray neighborhood of Alexandria, Virginia. Scalise, the only member of Congress to be hit, was shot in the hip. Representative Mo Brooks, who was also at the practice, witnessed the attack and said he saw someone with a rifle behind the third base dugout. Brooks then heard Scalise scream from second base. Scalise crawled into right field, bleeding. Senator Jeff Flake and Representative Brad Wenstrup, a former podiatrist, ran to assist Scalise after Hodgkinson was shot.[78][79] Senator Rand Paul, also a witness, said he heard "as many as 50 shots".[80]

Initially conscious, Scalise went into shock while being taken to MedStar Washington Hospital Center[81][82] in critical condition, where he underwent immediate surgery. He was hit by a single rifle bullet that "travelled across his pelvis, fracturing bones, injuring internal organs, and causing severe bleeding".[81] Dr. Jack Sava at the MedStar Washington Hospital Center said that "when he arrived, he was in critical condition with an imminent risk of death". By June 16, although still in critical condition, Sava said, "We have controlled internal bleeding and his vital signs have stabilized." On June 17, it was announced that his condition had improved to "serious" and he was responsive enough to talk with his family.[83] On June 21, the hospital issued a press release stating: "Congressman Steve Scalise continues to make good progress. He is now listed in fair condition and is beginning an extended period of healing and rehabilitation."[84][85]

On July 5, 2017, Scalise returned to the intensive care unit after becoming ill with an infection related to the shooting.[86]

On July 13, 2017, it was reported that Scalise had undergone additional surgery and that his condition had been upgraded to fair.[87] He was discharged from the hospital on July 26 and went through a period of inpatient rehabilitation.[88] On September 28, to applause and cheers, he returned to the House of Representatives, where he gave a speech about his experience related to the traumatic events.[89]

Hodgkinson, 66, was killed by police at the scene. He was married and lived in Belleville, Illinois, where he owned a small business doing home inspections, mold testing, and air-quality testing. He had encounters with police involving violence or firearms in 2006 and 2017; he was registered as a firearms owner in Illinois. In January 2017 he closed down his business. In the months before the shooting he was living in a car near the Alexandria baseball field and regularly visited a nearby YMCA.[90] He was a Bernie Sanders supporter and volunteer, and a fierce critic of Trump and the Republican Party on social media, in letters to the editor, and in phone calls to his representative.[5][77] Virginia Attorney General Mark Herring concluded Hodgkinson was "fueled by rage against Republican legislators" and the shooting was "an act of terrorism."[91]

Ady Barkan video[]

In 2020, Scalise spread a video that was doctored to depict the political activist Ady Barkan, who is disabled and uses a speech-generating device, asking 2020 presidential candidate Joe Biden whether he supported defunding police, to which Biden appeared to reply in the affirmative. Barkan asked Scalise to delete the video, which was flagged by Twitter as manipulated media, and apologize. Scalise deleted the video; his spokesperson said that editing the video in this manner was "common practice."[92][93]

Personal life[]

Scalise married Jennifer Ann Letulle on April 9, 2005.[94] They have two children.[95]

On June 30, 2018, a man left death threats against Scalise and his family.[96] The suspect, Carlos Bayon, was later convicted, and sentenced to five years in prison. He is appealing his conviction.[97]

See also[]

References[]

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External links[]

U.S. House of Representatives
Preceded by
Bobby Jindal 		Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from Louisiana's 1st congressional district
2008–present 		Incumbent
Preceded by
Kevin McCarthy 		House Majority Whip
2014–2019 		Succeeded by
Jim Clyburn
Preceded by
Steny Hoyer 		House Minority Whip
2019–present 		Incumbent
Party political offices
Preceded by
Jim Jordan 		Chair of the Republican Study Committee
2013–2014 		Succeeded by
Rob Woodall
U.S. order of precedence (ceremonial)
Preceded by
Jackie Speier 		United States representatives by seniority
108th 		Succeeded by
Gerry Connolly
  • v
  • t
Louisiana's delegation(s) to the 110th–present United States Congresses (ordered by seniority)
110th
Senate:
  •   M. Landrieu (D)
  •   D. Vitter (R)
House:
111th
Senate:
  •   M. Landrieu (D)
  •   D. Vitter (R)
House:
  •   R. Alexander (R)
  •   C. Boustany (R)
  •   C. Melançon (D)
  •   S. Scalise (R)
  •   J. Cao (R)
  •   B. Cassidy (R)
  •   J. Fleming (R)
112th
Senate:
  •   M. Landrieu (D)
  •   D. Vitter (R)
House:
  •   R. Alexander (R)
  •   C. Boustany (R)
  •   S. Scalise (R)
  •   B. Cassidy (R)
  •   J. Fleming (R)
  •   J. Landry (R)
  •   C. Richmond (D)
113th
Senate:
  •   M. Landrieu (D)
  •   D. Vitter (R)
House:
  •   R. Alexander (R)
  •   C. Boustany (R)
  •   S. Scalise (R)
  •   B. Cassidy (R)
  •   J. Fleming (R)
  •   C. Richmond (D)
  •   V. McAllister (R)
114th
Senate:
  •   D. Vitter (R)
  •   B. Cassidy (R)
House:
  •   C. Boustany (R)
  •   S. Scalise (R)
  •   J. Fleming (R)
  •   C. Richmond (D)
  •   R. Abraham (R)
  •   G. Graves (R)
115th
Senate:
  •   B. Cassidy (R)
  •   J. N. Kennedy (R)
House:
  •   S. Scalise (R)
  •   C. Richmond (D)
  •   R. Abraham (R)
  •   G. Graves (R)
  •   C. Higgins (R)
  •   M. Johnson (R)
116th
Senate:
  •   B. Cassidy (R)
  •   J. N. Kennedy (R)
House:
  •   S. Scalise (R)
  •   C. Richmond (D)
  •   R. Abraham (R)
  •   G. Graves (R)
  •   C. Higgins (R)
  •   M. Johnson (R)
117th
Senate:
  •   B. Cassidy (R)
  •   J. N. Kennedy (R)
House:
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