Superior cistern

Superior cistern
Superior cistern
Details
Identifiers
Latin	Cisterna superior ; Cisterna venae magnae cerebri; Cisterna ambiens;
TA98	A14.1.01.217
TA2	5399
FMA	74511
	Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy [edit on Wikidata]

The superior cistern (cistern of great cerebral vein, quadrigeminal cistern, Bichat's canal) is a dilation as a subarachnoid cistern of the subarachnoid space around the brain. It lies between the splenium of the corpus callosum and the superior surface of the cerebellum. It extends between the layers of the tela choroidea of the third ventricle. It contains the great cerebral vein, posterior cerebral artery, quadrigeminal artery, glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX), and the pineal gland.

Structure[]

The superior cistern is a dilatation as a subarachnoid cistern of the subarachnoid space around the brain. It lies between the splenium of the corpus callosum (superiorly),^[2]^[3] the cerebellar vermis (inferiorly and posteriorly),^[2]^[3] and the tentorial margin. It lies medial to part of the medial occipital cortex.^[3] It extends between the layers of the tela choroidea of the third ventricle.^[2]

Contents[]

The superior cistern contains a number of important structures, including:

the great cerebral vein.^[2] This lies superiorly, and helps to form its superior wall.^[3]
parts of the posterior cerebral artery.^[2]
parts of the quadrigeminal artery.^[2]
the exit of the glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX).^[2]
the pineal gland.^[3]^[4]

Clinical significance[]

Arteriovenous malformations of the great cerebral vein can create an enlarged pouch of vein in the superior cistern.^[5] This is derived from the prosencephalic vein present during prenatal development.^[5] This can be diagnosed soon after birth.^[5] Medical ultrasound may be used, where it displaces the third ventricle.^[5] Angiography may also be used.^[5]

The superior cistern may be opened during neurosurgery.^[6] This is used in order to access deeper brain structures, such as the superior colliculus.^[6]

History[]

The superior cistern may also be known as the cistern of great cerebral vein, the quadrigeminal cistern, and Bichat's canal.^[2]

References[]

This article incorporates text in the public domain from page 877 of the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918)

^ Biology-online
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h Jhaveri, Miral D.; Salzman, Karen L.; Ross, Jeffrey S.; Moore, Kevin R.; Osborn, Anne G.; Yueh, Chang (2018). "Pineal Region Mass, General". Expertddx: Brain and Spine - Part 1 (2nd ed.). Elsevier. pp. 556–559. doi:10.1016/B978-0-323-44308-1.50227-0. ISBN 978-0-323-44308-1.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Meybodi, Ali Tayebi; Tabani, Halima; Benet, Arnau (2020). "2 - Arachnoid and dural reflections". Handbook of Clinical Neurology. Vol. 169. Elsevier. pp. 17–54. doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-804280-9.00002-0. ISBN 978-0-12-804280-9. ISSN 0072-9752.
^ Lindberg, Matthew R.; Lamps, Laura W. (2018). "Pineal Gland". Diagnostic Pathology: Normal Histology - Diagnostic Pathology (2nd ed.). Elsevier. pp. 408–409. doi:10.1016/B978-0-323-54803-8.50084-X. ISBN 978-0-323-54803-8.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Altstadt, Thomas J.; Shah, Mitesh V. (2009). "16 - Pediatric Central Nervous System Vascular Malformations". Stroke in Children and Young Adults (2nd ed.). Saunders. pp. 315–326. doi:10.1016/B978-0-7506-7418-8.00016-1. ISBN 978-0-7506-7418-8.
^ ^a ^b Pasik, Pedro; Pasik, Tauba (1995). "Visual Functions in Monkeys after Total Removal of Visual Cerebral Cortex". Contributions to Sensory Physiology. Vol. 7. Elsevier. pp. 147–200. doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-151807-3.50011-2. ISBN 978-0-12-151807-3. ISSN 0069-9705.

[biology-1] Biology-online

[:0-2] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h Jhaveri, Miral D.; Salzman, Karen L.; Ross, Jeffrey S.; Moore, Kevin R.; Osborn, Anne G.; Yueh, Chang (2018). "Pineal Region Mass, General". Expertddx: Brain and Spine - Part 1 (2nd ed.). Elsevier. pp. 556–559. doi:10.1016/B978-0-323-44308-1.50227-0. ISBN 978-0-323-44308-1.

[:1-3] Meybodi, Ali Tayebi; Tabani, Halima; Benet, Arnau (2020). "2 - Arachnoid and dural reflections". Handbook of Clinical Neurology. Vol. 169. Elsevier. pp. 17–54. doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-804280-9.00002-0. ISBN 978-0-12-804280-9. ISSN 0072-9752.

[4] Lindberg, Matthew R.; Lamps, Laura W. (2018). "Pineal Gland". Diagnostic Pathology: Normal Histology - Diagnostic Pathology (2nd ed.). Elsevier. pp. 408–409. doi:10.1016/B978-0-323-54803-8.50084-X. ISBN 978-0-323-54803-8.

[:2-5] Altstadt, Thomas J.; Shah, Mitesh V. (2009). "16 - Pediatric Central Nervous System Vascular Malformations". Stroke in Children and Young Adults (2nd ed.). Saunders. pp. 315–326. doi:10.1016/B978-0-7506-7418-8.00016-1. ISBN 978-0-7506-7418-8.

[:3-6] Pasik, Pedro; Pasik, Tauba (1995). "Visual Functions in Monkeys after Total Removal of Visual Cerebral Cortex". Contributions to Sensory Physiology. Vol. 7. Elsevier. pp. 147–200. doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-151807-3.50011-2. ISBN 978-0-12-151807-3. ISSN 0069-9705.

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